[GLUCECONTROL 2.0. Annex 1].

Exhaustive bibliographc research in PubMed/Medline.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and sarcopenia].

Sarcopenia is a multidimensional condition that negatively affects muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. The prevalence of sarcopenia in people with diabetes is much higher than that of the general population, especially in individuals with poor nutritional status. Both sarcopenia and malnutrition are conditions amenable to intervention to improve clinical prognosis.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and concurrent pathologies].

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, generating an increasing clinical and economic burden due to its micro- and macrovascular complications. Frequently, people with diabetes are hospitalized for various pathologies. These patients generally have higher risk of complications, prolonged hospitalizations and mortality.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and liver cirrhosis].

Liver cirrhosis is a progressive and chronic disease of the liver, of diverse etiology, which is frequently associated with glucose intolerance and in some cases concurs with type 2 diabetes (DM2). DM2 is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis, including a higher rate of hospitalizations, a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, and an increased risk of mortality. Malnutrition is another frequent complication of cirrhosis, the prevalence of which increases with the degree of liver dysfunction, worsening the prognosis.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and cancer cachexia].

Diabetes is a frequent comorbidity in cancer patients, since they share common risk factors. In cancer, the concurrence of cachexia represents a poor prognostic factor, which is aggravated by poor nutritional status. Clinically, cancer cachexia manifests as a significant reduction in body weight, accompanied by changes in body composition and alterations in the balance of the biological system, and causes progressive dysfunction.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and heart failure].

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among older people, making it a major public health problem. Cardiovascular diseases in general, and HF in particular, are common comorbidities in people with type 2 diabetes (DM2). The concurrence of DM2 and HF is associated with more severe clinical symptoms and signs, and poorer quality of life and prognosis.

[Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia un the perioperative setting].

People with diabetes are at high risk of requiring surgical intervention throughout their lives, and of perioperative complications in case of poor metabolic control. Hospitalization represents a stressful event that, together with other factors associated with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, leads to a deterioration in the nutritional status of the patients. An association between poor nutritional status and adverse outcomes in surgical patients has been observed.

Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and COVID-19 infection.

Diabetes mellitus and/or hyperglycemia are highly prevalent medical conditions in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are associated with adverse outcomes. In addition, COVID-19 itself can provoke fluctuating and high glucose levels that can be difficult to manage upon hospitalization. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of malnutrition due to an increase in nutritional requirements and a severe acute inflammatory response.

[Anorexia nervosa as a cause of acute liver failure. Report of a case].

Caso clínico: presentamos una paciente de 33 años con anorexia nerviosa de 15 años de evolución con uno de los pocos casos reportados de fallo hepático agudo severo secundario a la desnutrición.Discusión: tras el soporte nutricional protocolizado para evitar el síndrome de realimentación y un adecuado manejo multidisciplinar, la paciente evoluciona favorablemente logrando normalizar los electrolitos, la función hepática y las alteraciones en la coagulación.

[Not Available].

Introducción: conociendo la elevada prevalencia de la desnutrición hospitalaria, se hace necesaria su detección precoz. Cuando, por diversos motivos, no es posible realizar una valoración completa del estado nutricional, se recomienda el empleo de herramientas validadas de cribado nutricional. Estas ayudarían a detectar de forma rápida a aquellos pacientes que necesiten de un tratamiento nutricional.

IBD or strongyloidiasis?

Introduction: Strongyloides has been shown to infrequently mimic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or to disseminate when a patient with IBD and unrecognized strongyloides is treated with immunosupression.

Case Report: A man from Ecuador, living in Spain for years, with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and psoriasis treated with topical corticosteroids, was admitted to the hospital with an 8-month history of diarrhoea. Blood tests showed hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, elevated CRP and faecal calprotectin.