Enhancing sustainability through microalgae cultivation in urban wastewater for biostimulant production and nutrient recovery.

Microalgae can produce biostimulants in form of phytohormones, which are compounds that, even if applied in low concentrations, can have stimulant effects on plants growth and can enhance their quality and their resistance to stress. Considering that microalgal biomass can grow recovering nutrients from wastewater, this circular approach allows to use residues for the production of high added value compounds (such as phytohormones) at low cost. The interest on biostimulants production from microalgae have recently raised.

The potential of wastewater grown microalgae for agricultural purposes: Contaminants of emerging concern, heavy metals and pathogens assessment.

In the coming years, the use of microalgal biomass as agricultural biofertilizers has shown promising results. The use of wastewater as culture medium has resulted in the reduction of production costs, making microalgae-based fertilizers highly attractive for farmers. However, the occurrence of specific pollutants in wastewater, like pathogens, heavy metals and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products may pose a risk on human health.

Can microalgae grown in wastewater reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers?

Alternatives to conventional inorganic fertilizers are needed to cope with the growing global population and contamination due to the production and use of those inorganic compounds. The recovery of nutrients from wastewater and organic wastes is a promising option to provide fertilization in a circular economy approach. In this context, microalgae-based systems are an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment systems, reducing the treatment costs and improving the sustainability of the process, while producing nutrient-rich microalgal biomass.

Inorganic carbon stimulates the metabolic routes related to the polyhdroxybutyrate production in a Synechocystis sp. strain (cyanobacteria) isolated from wastewater.

Cyanobacteria are capable of transforming CO into polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). In this study, different inorganic carbon concentrations (0-2 gC L) were evaluated for a Synechocystis sp. strain isolated from wastewater.

Postoperative radiotherapy in resected non-small cell lung cancer: The never-ending story.

This manuscript collects in a joint and orderly manner the existing evidence at the present time about postoperative treatment with radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. It also systematically reviews the current evidence, the international recommendations in the most relevant guidelines, the most controversial aspects in clinical and pathological staging, the specific technical aspects of radiotherapy treatment, and also collects all the potential risk factors that have been postulated as significant in the prognosis of these patients, evaluating the possibility of segmenting a particularly sensitive subpopulation with a high risk of relapse on which an adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy could have an impact on their clinical evolution. Finally, currently active trials that aspire to provide more evidence on this topic are reviewed.

GOECP/SEOR radiotherapy guidelines for small-cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 20% of all lung cancers. The main treatment is chemotherapy (Ch). However, the addition of radiotherapy significantly improves overall survival (OS) in patients with non-metastatic SCLC and in those with metastatic SCLC who respond to Ch.

Trends and Predictors for the Uptake of Colon Cancer Screening Using the Fecal Occult Blood Test in Spain from 2011 to 2017.

: In Spain, colorectal cancer screening using the fecal occult blood test, targeted towards the 50-69 age bracket, was implemented on different dates. We aim to assess the temporal trend of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake according to the year of screening implementation in each region and to identify predictors for the uptake of CRC screening. : A cross-sectional study with 12,657 participants from the Spanish National Health Surveys 2011 and 2017 was used.

Reduction from 2011 to 2017 in adherence to breast cancer screening and non-improvement in the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women living in Spain.

Objectives: To analyze the uptake of breast and cervical cancer screening according to the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS), to compare uptake rates with those obtained in the previous SNHS 2011 and to identify predictors for the uptake for these two screening tests.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Main Outcome Measures: Uptake rates of breast cancer and cervical cancer screening were analyzed for women aged 40-69 and aged 25-65 years, respectively.

Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Combined Trabectedin and Low-Dose Radiotherapy for Patients With Metastatic Soft-Tissue Sarcomas: A Nonrandomized Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial.

Importance: Active therapeutic combinations, such as trabectedin and radiotherapy, offer potentially higher dimensional response in second-line treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcomas. Dimensional response can be relevant both for symptom relief and for survival.

Objective: To assess the combined use of trabectedin and radiotherapy in treating patients with progressing metastatic soft-tissue sarcomas.

Salvage brachytherapy for locally-recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy: A comparison of efficacy and toxicity outcomes with high-dose rate and low-dose rate brachytherapy.

Background: Brachytherapy (BT) is widely used for salvage therapy in patients with biochemical failure (BF) after radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa). Although low-dose-rate (LDR) and high-dose-rate (HDR) BT are both used for salvage therapy, it is not clear whether there are any differences between these two approaches in terms of efficacy or toxicity in this setting. Therefore, we review the institutional experience of the members of the Urological Tumour Working Group (URONCOR) of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR) to compare these two techniques.

Intraoperative radiotherapy for extremity soft-tissue sarcomas: can long-term local control be achieved?

Background: Intraoperative electron-beam radiation therapy (IOERT) during limb-sparing surgery has the advantage of delivering a single high boost dose to sarcoma residues and surgical bed area near to radiosensitive structures with limited toxicity. Retrospective studies have suggested that IOERT may improve local control compared to standard radiotherapy and we aimed to demonstrate this theory. Therefore, we performed an observational prospective study to determine (1) if it is possible to achieve high local control by adding IOERT to external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in extremity soft-tissue sarcomas (STS), (2) if it is possible to improve long-term survival rates, and (3) if toxicity could be reduced with IOERT MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995-2003, 39 patients with extremity STS were treated with IOERT and postoperative radiotherapy.

Exclusion criteria vs reality: dual BRAF/MEK inhibition and radiotherapy in a patient with melanoma metastatic to the brain and ECOG 3.

Background: Prognosis of metastatic melanoma is changing due to advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy. However, management of patients with brain metastases in day-to-day practice continues to be a challenge.

Case Report: We describe a 40-year-old woman diagnosed with symptomatic brain metastases from cutaneous melanoma and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 3.

[Adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy as preventive treatment for biochemical recurrence].

Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) has proven to be more effective in patients at high risk of relapse than salvage RT when this relapse occurs. To optimize its use we must identify the subset of patients at greater risk of residual microscopic disease after surgery, since in them the likelihood of 5-10 year biochemical failure can reach 60%. There are many studies on the subject in which these factors are identified, which in general are: presence of positive margins and capsular or seminal vesicle involvement (T3a-b).

[Biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after radical treatment. Comparative study of prostatectomy vs. radiotherapy].

Objectives: To compare the biochemical relapse-free survival between radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy in patients with localized prostate cancer of low and intermediate recurrence risk.

Methods: A retrospective study of 435 patients with localized prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy was performed in 65% of patients and radiotherapy was in 35%. The Kaplan-Meier Estimator was used to assess the biochemical relapse-free survival and long-rank test, Breslow and Tarone-Ware to evaluate the differences between the groups with confidence intervals at 95%.

[Incidence and prognostic factors for biochemical recurrence after radical radiotherapy].

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the outcomes obtained after External-Beam Radiotherapy (3D EBRT)in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: The study includes 503 patients (p) treated at the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón in Madrid, diagnosed between 2000-2007, with low, intermediate or high risk prostate cancer (D'Amico risk groups), treated with 3D EBRT. Biochemical recurrence (BR) was defined as nadir +2 following Phoenix's criterion.

Radical prostatectomy versus external-beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: long-term effect on biochemical control-in search of the optimal treatment.

Background: The optimal management of patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma remains undefined due in part to the absence of well-designed, randomized trials.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised 505 patients diagnosed with low- or intermediate- risk prostate cancer in 1998-2005 and treated at Hospital Gregorio Marañón (Spain) with radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT). No adjuvant therapy was administered.