Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Oral Calcium Fosfomycin: Are Urine Levels Sufficient to Ensure Efficacy for Urinary Tract Infections?

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are extremely common and a major driver for the use of antimicrobials. Calcium fosfomycin is an old antibiotic indicated for the treatment of UTIs; however, data about its urine pharmacokinetic profile are scarce. In this work, we have evaluated the pharmacokinetics of fosfomycin from urine concentrations after oral administration of calcium fosfomycin to healthy women.

Ceftaroline and Avibactam Removal by Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies: An in vitro Study.

Introduction: Continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRTs) are frequently used in critically ill patients; however, there are scarce in vitro and in vivo studies showing the extracorporeal elimination of ceftaroline and avibactam. The aim of this study was to assess, through an in vitro model, the extracorporeal elimination of ceftaroline and avibactam by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH), continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD), using a polysulfone hemofilter.

Methods: Simulated in vitro experiments were performed using a multiFiltrate machine with a 1.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Levetiracetam and Dosing Evaluation in Critically Ill Patients with Normal or Augmented Renal Function.

Levetiracetam is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug commonly used in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study is to evaluate the adequacy of levetiracetam dosing in patients with normal or augmented renal clearance (ARC) admitted to the ICU by population modelling and simulation. A multicentre prospective study including twenty-seven critically ill patients with urinary creatinine clearance (CrCl) > 50 mL/min and treated with levetiracetam was developed.

Quantification of Ceftaroline in Human Plasma Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies.

This study was conducted to develop a rapid, simple and reproducible method for the quantification of ceftaroline in plasma samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). Sample processing consisted of methanol precipitation and then, after centrifugation, the supernatant was injected into the HPLC system, working in isocratic mode. Ceftaroline was detected at 238 nm at a short acquisition time (less than 5 min).

α-Galactosidase A Augmentation by Non-Viral Gene Therapy: Evaluation in Fabry Disease Mice.

Fabry disease (FD) is a monogenic X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme α-Galactosidase A (α-Gal A). It is a good candidate to be treated with gene therapy, in which moderately low levels of enzyme activity should be sufficient for clinical efficacy. In the present work we have evaluated the efficacy of a non-viral vector based on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) to increase α-Gal A activity in an FD mouse model after intravenous administration.