The lesion detection efficacy of deep learning on automatic breast ultrasound and factors affecting its efficacy: a pilot study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the detection efficacy of deep learning (DL) for automatic breast ultrasound (ABUS) and factors affecting its efficacy.

Methods: Females who underwent ABUS and handheld ultrasound from May 2016 to June 2017 ( = 397) were enrolled and divided into training ( = 163 patients with breast cancer and 33 with benign lesions), test ( = 57) and control ( = 144) groups. A convolutional neural network was optimized to detect lesions in ABUS.

Diagnostic value, safety, and histopathologic discrepancy risk factors for endoscopic forceps biopsy and transrectal ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy in rectum lesions.

Background: Accurate preoperative pathologic diagnosis is very important for making appropriate therapeutic decisions for patients with rectal lesions. This study aimed (I) to determine diagnostic value and safety of endoscopic forceps biopsy (EFB) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB), and (II) to analyze the risk factors for their histopathologic discrepancies, with a particular focus in identifying the indicators for re-biopsy using TRUS-guided CNB after EFB.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 102 patients who received EFB and TRUS-guided CNB before surgery.

Development of prognostic index based on autophagy-related genes analysis in breast cancer.

Background: Autophagy is a self-digesting process that can satisfy the metabolic needs of cells, and is closely related to development of cancer. However, the effect of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) on the prognosis of breast cancer remains unclear.

Results: We first found that 27 ARGs were significantly associated with overall survival in breast cancer.

Evaluation of Contrast-enhanced US LI-RADS version 2017: Application on 2020 Liver Nodules in Patients with Hepatitis B Infection.

Background Use of contrast material-enhanced (CE) US Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2017 has not been validated in large populations where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of CE US LI-RADS version 2017 in a population with a high prevalence of HBV infection. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, liver nodules in patients with HBV who were evaluated from January 2004 to December 2016 were categorized as CE US LR-1 to LR-5 through LR-M.

Evaluation of liver parenchyma stiffness in patients with liver tumours: optimal strategy for shear wave elastography.

Objectives: To determine the methodology of non-invasive test for evaluation of liver stiffness (LS) with tumours using two-dimensional (2D) shear wave elastography (SWE).

Methods: One hundred and twenty-seven patients with liver tumours underwent 2D-SWE before surgery to measure liver and spleen stiffness (SS). Two-dimensional SWE values were obtained in the liver at 0-1 cm, 1-2 cm and >2 cm from the tumour edge (PLS-1, PLS-2 and RLS, respectively).

Ultrasound elastography as an imaging biomarker for detection of early tumor response to chemotherapy in a murine breast cancer model: a feasibility study.

Objective: This study investigated the feasibility of using strain elastography (SE) and real time shear wave elastography (RT-SWE) to evaluate early tumor response to cytotoxic chemotherapy in a murine xenograft breast cancer tumor model.

Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer-bearing nude mice were treated with either cisplatin 2 mg kg plus paclitaxel 10 mg kg (treatment group) or sterile saline (control group) once daily for 5 days. The tumor elasticity was measured by SE or RT-SWE before and after therapy.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy in cervical lymphadenopathy: A retrospective study of 6,695 cases.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic yield of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB) in cervical lymphadenopathy and identify the factors influencing the diagnostic accuracy of US-CNB.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 6,603 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who underwent 6695 US-CNB procedures between 2004 and 2017.

Results: Adequate specimens were obtained in 92.

Transvaginal Ultrasound-Guided Core Needle Biopsy of Pelvic Masses.

Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of transvaginal ultrasound (US)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) for obtaining adequate pelvic mass samples for histologic analysis and evaluated factors that may affect biopsy success.

Methods: Two hundred cases underwent transvaginal US-guided CNBs for primary inoperable tumors, suspicion of metastases to the ovaries or peritoneum, recurrence, or other solid lesions in the pelvis. Biopsy samples were obtained from the pelvic cavity (67.

Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma (Biphenotypic) Tumors: Potential Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Diagnosis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinomas (CHCs) from hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three patients with pathologically confirmed CHC and matched control subjects with pathologically confirmed HCC (n = 30) or ICC (n = 32) who underwent preoperative CEUS from January 2005 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The CEUS images of the hepatic lesions were subjectively analyzed in consensus by two radiologists.

Genetic variants of cell cycle pathway genes predict disease-free survival of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Disruption of the cell cycle pathway has previously been related to development of human cancers. However, associations between genetic variants of cell cycle pathway genes and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the associations between 24 potential functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 16 main cell cycle pathway genes and disease-free survival (DFS) of 271 HCC patients who had undergone radical surgery resection.

Can quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography predict cervical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for predicting and assessing cervical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Methods: Thirty-eight cases with stage IB2 or IIA cervical cancer were studied using CEUS before and after one cycle of NACT. The quantitative CEUS parameters maximum intensity (IMAX), rise time (RT), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT) were compared between cervical tumors and myometrium (reference zone) using Sonoliver software.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of cervical carcinoma: perfusion pattern and relationship with tumour angiogenesis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and time-intensity curves to assess angiogenesis in cervical cancer.

Methods: 60 patients who were scheduled to undergo radical surgery for biopsy-proven cervical cancers underwent CEUS. Surgical tissue sections from 32 patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed with CD34 staining to estimate intratumoral microvessel density (MVD).

Clinical Evaluation of a 3-D Automatic Annotation Method for Breast Ultrasound Imaging.

The routine clinical breast ultrasound annotation method is limited by the time it consumes, inconsistency, inaccuracy and incomplete notation. A novel 3-D automatic annotation method for breast ultrasound imaging has been developed that uses a spatial sensor to track and record conventional B-mode scanning so as to provide more objective annotation. The aim of the study described here was to test the feasibility of the automatic annotation method in clinical breast ultrasound scanning.

Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonic Imaging Reflects Microvascularization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Prognosis after Resection.

Our aim was to evaluate the correlation between tumor vasculature detected by pre-surgical contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and the post-surgical prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. One hundred ninety-five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who had undergone curative resection and pre-operative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were enrolled. Intra-tumoral microvessels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for anti-CD31 and anti-CD34.

Dose-response relationship in cisplatin-treated breast cancer xenografts monitored with dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Background: Exactly assessing tumor response to different dose of chemotherapy would help to tailor therapy for individual patients. This study was to determine the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the evaluation of tumor vascular response to different dose cisplatin.

Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer bearing mice were treated with different dose of cisplatin in group B (1 mg/kg) and group C (3 mg/kg).

WNT5A promotes stemness characteristics in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells leading to metastasis and tumorigenesis.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has the highest metastasis rate among head and neck cancers with unclear mechanism. WNT5A belongs to the WNT family of cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins. Our previous high-throughput gene expression profiling revealed that WNT5A was up-regulated in highly metastatic cells.

A novel breast ultrasound system for providing coronal images: system development and feasibility study.

Breast ultrasound images along coronal plane contain important diagnosis information. However, conventional clinical 2D ultrasound cannot provide such images. In order to solve this problem, we developed a novel ultrasound system aimed at providing breast coronal images.

A semi-automated 3-D annotation method for breast ultrasound imaging: system development and feasibility study on phantoms.

Spatial annotation is an essential step in breast ultrasound imaging, because the follow-up diagnosis and treatment are based on this annotation. However, the current method for annotation is manual and highly dependent on the operator's experience. Moreover, important spatial information, such as the probe tilt angle, cannot be indicated in the clinical 2-D annotations.

Ultrasonic spectrum analysis for in vivo characterization of tumor microstructural changes in the evaluation of tumor response to chemotherapy using diagnostic ultrasound.

Background: There is a strong need for early assessment of tumor response to chemotherapy in order to avoid the adverse effects of unnecessary chemotherapy and to allow early transition to second-line therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of ultrasonic spectral analysis for the in vivo characterization of changes in tumor microstructure in the evaluation of tumor response to chemotherapy using diagnostic ultrasound.

Methods: Experiments were approved by the regional animal care committee.

Contrast-enhanced US quantitatively detects changes of tumor perfusion in a murine breast cancer model during adriamycin chemotherapy.

Background: Currently used morphologic criteria have limitations in assessing tumor response to chemotherapy because of the relatively slow tumor shrinkage as measured by conventional morphologic imaging. Functional imaging techniques show promising results in early assessment of tumor response to treatment.

Purpose: To quantitatively detect changes in tumor perfusion during chemotherapy with contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

A modified radiofrequency ablation approach for treating distant lymph node metastasis in two patients with late-stage cancer.

Patients with late-stage cancer commonly have distant lymph node metastasis; however, poor health often contraindicates surgical treatment. Although the quality of life and overall survival for these patients are low, there is neither a consensus nor a guide for treatment. Ablation technique and surrounding tissue damage are two possible reasons for limited study of radiofrequency ablation in patients with superficial distant lymph node metastasis.

Quantitative assessment of tumor blood flow changes in a murine breast cancer model after adriamycin chemotherapy using contrast-enhanced destruction-replenishment sonography.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to detect tumor blood flow changes after chemotherapy with contrast-enhanced destruction-replenishment sonography.

Methods: Twenty-four MCF-7 breast cancer-bearing nude mice were included in this study. Animals received either adriamycin or sterile saline and underwent contrast-enhanced sonography before and after treatment using a destruction-replenishment technique.

Assessment of early tumor response to cytotoxic chemotherapy with dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound in human breast cancer xenografts.

There is a strong need to assess early tumor response to chemotherapy in order to avoid adverse effects from unnecessary chemotherapy and allow early transition to second-line therapy. This study was to quantify tumor perfusion changes with dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the evaluation of early tumor response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Sixty nude mice bearing with MCF-7 breast cancer were administrated with either adriamycin or sterile saline.

Liver hypertrophy and accelerated growth of implanted tumors in nonembolized liver of rabbit after left portal vein embolization.

Background: Portal vein embolization (PVE) has become a standard preoperative procedure to promote hypertrophy of the future remnant liver to reduce postoperative liver failure. Whether PVE accelerates tumor growth is still controversial. We developed a left PVE procedure and investigated its effect on liver hypertrophy and tumor growth in a rabbit liver tumor model.