Inflammatory brain lesions preceding primary central nervous system lymphoma: a case report and genetic analysis.

Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive extranodal lymphoma exclusively occurring within the central nervous system. Inflammatory brain lesions as "sentinel lesions" of PCNSL are very rare. We present a rare case of PCNSL with preceding inflammatory lesions in an immunocompetent patient who underwent two biopsies, one craniotomy and two genetic testing.

Application of the robot-assisted implantation in deep brain stimulation.

Introduction: This work aims to assess the accuracy of robotic assistance guided by a videometric tracker in deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 30 DBS electrode implantations, assisted by the Remebot robotic system, with a novel frameless videometric registration workflow. Then we selected 30 PD patients who used stereotactic frame surgery to implant electrodes during the same period.

Synchronized Intracranial Electrical Activity and Gait Recording in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Freezing of Gait.

Background: This study aimed to describe a synchronized intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) recording and motion capture system, which was designed to explore the neural dynamics during walking of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with freezing of gait (FOG). Preliminary analysis was performed to test the reliability of this system.

Methods: A total of 8 patients were enrolled in the study.

A Bulk Retrospective Study of Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsies of Intracranial Lesions Guided by Videometric Tracker.

Biopsies play an important role in the diagnosis of intracranial lesions, and robot-assisted procedures are increasingly common in neurosurgery centers. This research investigates the diagnoses, complications, and technology yield of 700 robotic frameless intracranial stereotactic biopsies conducted with the Remebot system. This research considered 700 robotic biopsies performed between 2016 and 2020 by surgeons from the Department of Functional Neurosurgery in Beijing's Tiantan Hospital.

The Clinical Application of Robot-Assisted Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting in the Treatment of Hydrocephalus.

Background: This work aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of robotic assistance in ventriculoperitoneal shunting and to compare the results with data from traditional surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 60 patients who had undergone ventriculoperitoneal shunting, of which shunts were implanted using a robot in 20 patients and using traditional surgical methods in the other 40 patients. Data related to surgery were compared between the two groups, and the accuracy of the drainage tube in the robot-assisted group was assessed.

Clinical Application of a Neurosurgical Robot in Intracranial Ommaya Reservoir Implantation.

The Ommaya reservoir implantation technique allows for bypass of the blood-brain barrier. It can be continuously administered locally and be used to repeatedly flush the intracranial cavity to achieve the purpose of treatment. Accurate, fast, and minimally invasive placement of the drainage tube is essential during the Ommaya reservoir implantation technique, which can be achieved with the assistance of robots.

Ultra-high magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): a potential examination for deep brain stimulation devices and the limitation study concerning MRI-related heating injury.

Nowadays, the patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices are restricted to undertake 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the guideline. Nevertheless, we conducted an experiment to test pathological change near the leads in different field-strength MRI.

The ability of anterior thalamic signals to predict seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy in kainate-treated rats.

Objective: To analyze the local field potential (LFP) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) of epileptic rats using the Generic Osorio-Frei algorithm (GOFA), and to determine the ability of the ANT LFP to predict clinical seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Methods: GOFA is an advanced real-time technique used to detect and predict seizures. In this article, GOFA was utilized to process the electrical signals of ANT and the motor cortex recorded in 12 rat models of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) induced via the injection of kainic acid into the unilateral hippocampus.

Stimulation of Anterior Thalamic Nuclei Protects Against Seizures and Neuronal Apoptosis in Hippocampal CA3 Region of Kainic Acid-induced Epileptic Rats.

Background: The antiepileptic effect of the anterior thalamic nuclei (ANT) stimulation has been demonstrated; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic ANT stimulation on hippocampal neuron loss and apoptosis.

Methods: Sixty-four rats were divided into four groups: The control group, the kainic acid (KA) group, the sham-deep brain stimulation (DBS) group, and the DBS group.

Potential Protective Effects of Chronic Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Stimulation on Hippocampal Neurons in Epileptic Monkeys.

Background: Stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is effective in seizure reduction, but the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of ANT stimulation are unclear.

Objective: To assess the beneficial effects of ANT stimulation on hippocampal neurons of epileptic monkeys.

Methods: Chronic ANT stimulation was applied to kainic acid-induced epileptic monkeys.

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic and pedunculopontine nucleus in a patient with Parkinson's disease.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a novel therapy developed to treat Parkinson's disease. We report a patient who underwent bilateral DBS of the PPN and subthalamic nucleus (STN). He suffered from freezing of gait (FOG), bradykinesia, rigidity and mild tremors.

Favorable modulation in neurotransmitters: effects of chronic anterior thalamic nuclei stimulation observed in epileptic monkeys.

Anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) stimulation has been shown to be effective in seizure reduction. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the changes in the amino acid levels during chronic, single-sided ATN-stimulation in the hippocampi of rhesus monkeys with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy induced by kainic acid (KA).

Pathological alterations and stress responses near DBS electrodes after MRI scans at 7.0T, 3.0T and 1.5T: an in vivo comparative study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathological alterations and the stress responses around deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at 7.0T, 3.0T and 1.

A rat model of hemidystonia induced by 3-nitropropionic acid.

Objective: Secondary dystonia commonly presents as hemidystonia and is often refractory to current treatments. We aimed to establish an inducible rat model of hemidystonia utilizing 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) and to determine the pathophysiology of this model.

Methods: Two different doses of 3-NP were stereotactically administered into the ipsilateral caudate putamen (CPu) of Wistar rats.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation with a new device in Parkinson's disease: an open-label trial.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) with a new stimulator (Beijing PINS Medical Co., Ltd, PNS 1101) in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Materials And Methods: Forty patients received a PINS device implantation in the subthalamic nucleus.

[Changes of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid of extracellular fluid in hippocampus during electrical stimulation of anterior nucleus thalamus in rats].

Objective: To explore the changes of extracellular glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in hippocampus during the high-frequency stimulation of anterior nucleus thalamus (ANT) in epileptic rats.

Methods: A total of 30 rats were divided equally into 2 groups:epilepsy model and normal control (n = 15 each). Concentric bipolar electrodes were stereotaxically implanted in bilateral ANT.

Hemangiopericytomas in the spine: clinical features, classification, treatment, and long-term follow-up in 26 patients.

Background: Intraspinal hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare and malignant extra-axial tumor with a strong tendency to recur and metastasize. There is a paucity in the literature of large case series of patients with intraspinal HPCs.

Objective: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical radiological and histological features, classification, and treatment of 26 patients with HPCs in the spine.

Effect of anterior nucleus of thalamus stimulation on glucose metabolism in hippocampus of epileptic rats.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) appears to be effective against seizures. In this study, we investigated changes in glucose metabolism during high-frequency stimulation of ANT in epileptic rats.

Methods: Three groups of rats were used: (1) a stimulation group (n = 12), (2) a sham stimulation group (n = 12) with seizures induced by stereotactic administration of kainic acid (KA), and (3) a control group (n = 12) with sham surgery.

Stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus induces changes in amino acids in the hippocampi of epileptic rats.

We investigated the changes in the levels of amino acids during high frequency stimulation (HFS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) in epileptic rats, which had seizures induced by unilaterally stereotactic administration of kainic acid (KA). Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: the KA-stim group (KA rats received ipsilateral ANT stimulation), the KA-sham group (KA rats received sham stimulation) and the control group, which underwent stereotactic administration of saline and received ipsilateral ANT stimulation. Microdialysis probes were unilaterally lowered into the CA3 region of the hippocampus, but probes were implanted bilaterally in the KA-stim group.

[Surgical techniques and efficacies of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of essential tremor].

Objective: To explore the surgical techniques and efficacies of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of the patients with essential tremor (ET).

Methods: A total of 6 ET patients from January 2004 to June 2011 at Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital were recruited to receive DBS at ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus (Vim-DBS) (n = 5) and subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) (n = 1). All underwent stereotactically guided DBS procedures utilizing atlas of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), microelectrode recording and intra-operative testing for target-locating.

[Application of intracranial electrode for locating epileptogenic zone for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery].

Objective: To explore the application of intracranial electrodes (IE) for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery and assess the clinical utility of intracranial video electroencephalography (IVEEG).

Methods: The clinical data of 60 TLE patients undergoing implantation of IE were reviewed retrospectively. Cortical subdural strip, grids and depth electrodes were implanted by sphenotresia, bone disc craniotomy or stereotactic technology.

A new choice for the treatment of epilepsy: electrical auricula-vagus-stimulation.

Preliminary reports have suggested that chronic, intermittent electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve (VNS) is an effective treatment for patients who suffered from medically refractory epilepsy. But the traditional VNS is an invasive and implantable procedure that will bring some injury to the patient. Anatomic studies have confirmed the existence of auricular branch of the vagus nerve-Arnold nerve.