Concerting magnesium implant degradation facilitates local chemotherapy in tumor-associated bone defect.

Effective management of malignant tumor-induced bone defects remains challenging due to severe systemic side effects, substantial tumor recurrence, and long-lasting bone reconstruction post tumor resection. Magnesium and its alloys have recently emerged in clinics as orthopedics implantable metals but mostly restricted to mechanical devices. Here, by deposition of calcium-based bilayer coating on the surface, a Mg-based composite implant platform is developed with tailored degradation characteristics, simultaneously integrated with chemotherapeutic (Taxol) loading capacity.

Open reduction and internal fixation of crescent fracture-dislocation: anterior or posterior approach?

Introduction: To date, the approach that prevails in the open reduction and internal fixation of crescent fracture-dislocations (CFD) remains unknown. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of CFD treated via the anterior or posterior approach.

Materials And Methods: Data from 64 cases of CFDs openly reduced through an anterior (group A, n = 31) or a posterior (group B, n = 33) approach were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparison of augmentation effects of medial buttress plate versus trochanteric lag screw in the cannulated screw fixation of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures: A retrospective clinical study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of a medial buttress plate (MBP) or a trochanteric lag screw (TLS) to augment cannulated screws (CSs) in fixing Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.

Methods: This retrospective study included 58 patients (21 female, 37 male; mean age=46 years; age=19-64 years) treated by CSs for Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures from 2014 to 2017. All the patients were divided into 2 groups based on the internal fixation patterns: the MBP-augmented group (group A, n=26) and the TLS group (group B, n=32).

Morphological analysis of the posterior elements of associated both-column acetabular fractures.

Background: It is still in dispute as to whether a posterior approach is applied to reduce the posterior fractures of associated both-column acetabular fractures (ABC-AFs).

Purpose: To analyze the morphological changes in the posterior elements including the posterior column (PC) and/or associated posterior wall (PW) fragments to provide a reference for surgical planning.

Material And Methods: The 3D computed tomography (CT) data of 100 cases of ABC-AFs were retrospectively analyzed using Mimics and 3-Matic software.

Three-dimensional morphological analysis of quadrilateral plate fragments in associated both-column acetabular fractures.

Objective: To investigate whether the fracture morphology of quadrilateral plate (QP) fragments is associated with the anterior and posterior columns in associated both-column (ABC) fractures.

Materials And Methods: Three-dimensional computed tomography data of 100 ABC fractures treated at our hospital from August 2016 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed using Mimics and 3-matic software. The distribution of fracture lines was described using the fracture mapping technique.

Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are inorganic nano-biomaterials with excellent antimicrobial properties. However, their effects on the anti-infection ability of the innate immune system remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential immunomodulatory effects of ZnONPs on the innate immune system, represented by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and determine whether they can act synergistically to resist pathogen infections.

Intra-articular fragment mapping in associated both-column acetabular fractures.

Introduction: Associated both-column acetabular fractures (ABC-AF) are complex. A detailed description of the morphology of the articular surface of the acetabulum is not reported. This study was designed to describe the morphology of the intra-articular fragments using a fracture mapping technique to provide reference in more appropriate approach selection in surgical treatment of the fractures.

In intra-articular distal humeral fractures: Can combined medial-lateral approach gain better outcomes than olecranon osteotomy?

Background: This research aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes of intra-articular distal humeral fractures treated through a combined medial-lateral approach and comparing with olecranon osteotomy simultaneously.

Methods: In this study, 62 distal humeral fractures patients were assessed retrospectively. The olecranon osteotomy was used in 30 cases (14 males, 16 females) and combined medial-lateral in 32 cases (15 males, 17 females).

Conservative treatment for clavicle stress fractures following the clavicular hook plate fixation.

We investigated the outcome of conservative treatment and potential causes for clavicle stress fractures following the clavicular hook plate fixation. Six cases of clavicle stress fractures were retrospectively reviewed. All the stress fractures occurred near the medial end of the hook plates.

Surgical Treatment of Intra-Articular Distal Humeral Fractures by using a Combined Medial and Lateral Approach: An Anatomic Study.

Objective: To determine the visible size of the distal humeral articular surface by using a novel combined medial-lateral approach as an alternative method of surgical treatment for intra-articular distal humeral fractures.

Methods: In this anatomical study, 12 adult fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows were randomly divided into a medial-lateral group and an olecranon osteotomy group, with 6 in each group. In the medial-lateral group, a medial approach was first used, and then a lateral approach.

Biomechanical analysis of a novel plating for intra-articular distal humerus fractures: combined anteromedial and anterolateral plating.

Purpose: The traditional strategy for fixing intra-articular distal humerus fractures is double plating placed in an orthogonal or parallel configuration, based on posterior approach. With a combined medial and lateral approach, a novel configuration of plating (combined anteromedial and anterolateral plating) has been used. In this study, we investigated the biomechanical properties of the novel plating by comparing it with orthogonal plating.

Open reduction through a posterior incision in the surgical treatment of shoulder posterior dislocation associated with proximal humeral fractures.

Background: We explored the surgical technique of reducing the humeral head and repairing the fractures through a combined approach in the treatment of this complex injury.

Methods: Six patients with posterior shoulder dislocations associated with proximal humerus fractures were enrolled in this study. The posteriorly dislocated head was first reduced through a shoulder posterior incision and the ruptured posterior capsular tissues were repaired simultaneously using a suture anchor.

Magnesium enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting activated macrophage-induced inflammation.

Magnesium deficiency increases the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is consistently accompanied by the sensitization of cells such as neutrophils, macrophages and endothelial cells. We investigated the potential of magnesium to regulate macrophage polarization and macrophage-induced inflammation with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) activation and further elucidated whether these effects impact the inhibitory functions of activated macrophage-induced inflammation on cartilage regeneration. The results showed that magnesium inhibited the activation of macrophages, as indicated by a significant reduction in the percentage of CCR7-positive cells, while the percentage of CD206-positive cells decreased to a lesser degree.

Treatment of Transverse with or without Posterior Wall Fractures of Acetabulum Using a Modified Smith-Petersen Combined with Kocher-Langenbeck Approach.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the surgical treatment of transverse with or without posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum. MATERIAL AND METHODS We surgically treated 21 consecutive cases of pure transverse (7 cases) and with posterior wall (14 cases) fractures of the acetabulum. The anterior column fractures were firstly reduced, temporarily fixed through a modified Smith-Petersen small incision, and finally fixed after the fixation of the posterior column and wall fractures, which were reduced and fixed through a Kocher-Langenbeck approach.

Comparison of the effect on bone healing process of different implants used in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis: limited contact dynamic compression plate versus locking compression plate.

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been widely accepted because of its satisfactory clinical outcomes. However, the implant construct that works best for MIPO remains controversial. Different plate designs result in different influence mechanisms to blood flow.

A Novel Approach for Treatment of Acetabular Fractures.

BACKGROUND There is no single approach that provides adequate exposure for treatment of all types of acetabular fractures. We describe our experience with an easier, relatively less invasive pubic symphysis approach (PSA) for the treatment of acetabular fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between March 2011 and March 2012, fifteen patients with acetabular fracture underwent surgery using the PSA technique.

Effects of different surgical techniques on mid-distal humeral shaft vascularity: open reduction and internal fixation versus minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis.

Background: Humeral shaft fractures are generally managed with the conventional posterior open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). This study was aimed at comparing the outcomes of these surgical techniques in terms of the vascular integrity of the mid-distal humeral shaft.

Methods: Twelve upper limbs were harvested from 6 fresh cadavers.

A Novel Guidewire Aiming Device to Improve the Accuracy of Guidewire Insertion in Femoral Neck Fracture Surgery Using Cannulated Screw Fixation.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of guidewire insertion in the femoral neck fracture surgery using cannulated screw fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS A novel aiming device was designed and manufactured. Between January 2010 and June 2012, 64 femoral neck fracture patients were included into the study.

Two-Tension-Band Technique in Revision Surgery for Fixation Failure of Patellar Fractures.

BACKGROUND Failed patellar fracture fixation is rare, and is usually attributed to technical errors. There are no specific details available on how to address this problem. We present our two-tension-band technique for fixing patellar fractures.

An Anatomical Study of the Nutrient Foramina of the Human Humeral Diaphysis.

BACKGROUND Understanding the nutrient foramina is critical to clinical practice. An insult to the nutrient foramina can be caused by trauma and/or surgical dissection and lead to devascularization and bad outcomes. Few studies have looked at the humerus, and no studies have described relative information of humeral nutrient foramen related to anatomical structures that might be located by palpable landmarks.

Improve the Efficiency of Surgery for Femoral Shaft Fractures with A Novel Instrument: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To improve the efficacy of closed reduction and wire guiding during intramedullary nail internal fixation in femoral shaft fractures.

Methods: A novel instrument was designed and manufactured. Sixty-eight patients were enrolled from February 2011 to December 2013.

Advantages of Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma Compared with Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma in Treating Rabbit Knee Osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND Concentrated leukocytes in leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) may deliver increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, to counter the beneficial effects of growth factors on osteoarthritic cartilage. However, to date no relevant studies have substantiated that in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Autologous L-PRP and pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) were prepared, measured for componential composition, and injected intra-articularly after 4, 5, and 6 weeks post-anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Callus Formation and Mineralization after Fracture with Different Fixation Techniques: Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis(MIPO) has been considered as an alternative for fracture treatment. Previous study has demonstrated that MIPO technique has the advantage of less soft tissue injury compared with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). However, the comparison of callus formation and mineralization between two plate osteosynthesis methods remains unknown.