Role of hepatocyte-specific FOXO1 in hepatic glucolipid metabolic disorders induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a prevalent perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), is widely present in various environmental media, animals, and even human bodies. It primarily accumulates in the liver, contributing to the disruption of hepatic metabolic homeostasis. However, the precise mechanism underlying PFOS-induced hepatic glucolipid metabolic disorders remains elusive.

Emergence of ferroelectricity in Sn-based perovskite semiconductor films by iminazole molecular reconfiguration.

Ferroelectric semiconductors have the advantages of switchable polarization ferroelectric field regulation and semiconductor transport characteristics, which are highly promising in ferroelectric transistors and nonvolatile memory. However, it is difficult to prepare a Sn-based perovskite film with both robust ferroelectric and semiconductor properties. Here, by doping with 2-methylbenzimidazole, Sn-based perovskite [93.

Enalomics: A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach for Profiling, Identifying, and Semiquantifying Enals in Biological Samples.

Human cells generate a bulk of aldehydes during lipid peroxidation (LPO), influencing critical cellular processes, such as oxidative stress, protein modification, and DNA damage. Enals, highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehydic metabolites, are implicated in various human pathologies, especially neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite their importance, endogenous enals remain poorly characterized, primarily due to their instability and low abundance.

Evaluation of windproof and sand fixation effect of protective system in the Desert oasis ecotone of Mingsha Mountain Dunhuang.

The Desert oasis ecotone (DOE) protects the oasis from wind and sand intrusion, thereby playing a crucial role in controlling desertification. However, there is limited knowledge about how DOE functions in windproof and sand-fixation. Therefore this study employs a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner to monitor surface accumulation and erosion, and through field observations, collects data on wind profiles, grain size, and sand transport rates to uncover the role of DOE in aeolian sand protection.

Assessing inflammatory protein factors in inflammatory bowel Disease using multivariable mendelian randomization.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), decreases quality of life and causes disability. The underlying processes are not fully understood. This study uses Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify cytokines that may be associated with UC and CD, aiding in early diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Remote epitaxy and exfoliation of vanadium dioxide via sub-nanometer thick amorphous interlayer.

The recently emerged remote epitaxy technique, utilizing 2D materials (mostly graphene) as interlayers between the epilayer and the substrate, enables the exfoliation of crystalline nanomembranes from the substrate, expanding the range of potential device applications. However, remote epitaxy has been so far applied to a limited range of material systems, owing to the need of stringent growth conditions to avoid graphene damaging, and has therefore remained challenging for the synthesis of oxide nanomembranes. Here, we demonstrate the remote epitaxial growth of an oxide nanomembrane (vanadium dioxide, VO) with a sub-nanometer thick amorphous interlayer, which can withstand potential sputtering-induced damage and oxidation.

The characterization of tumor immune microenvironment after neoadjuvant immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell cancer using multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Objective: Optimizing clinical decision-making in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is challenging due to the ambiguous understanding of the immune cell dynamics and immune checkpoints regulation in the disease after the administration of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NIT).

Methods: HNSCC biopsy samples collected before and after the neoadjuvant treatment are classified into the pathologic response (PR) and the non-pathologic response (NPR) groups according to treatment responses and the expression of immune cells and checkpoints was labeled using multiplex immunohistochemistry (m-IHC).

Results: The populations of CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), PD-1, and PD-L1 were particularly higher in the PR group than the NPR group in pre-treatment tissues, with the p-values of log-transformed positive cell density <0.

Airway microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorder in ozone and PM co-exposure induced lung inflammatory injury in mice.

Co-exposure to ground-level ozone (O) and fine particles (PM, ≤ 2.5 µm in diameter) has become a primary scenario for air pollution exposure of urbanites in China. Recent studies have suggested a synergistic effect of PM and O on induction of lung inflammatory injury.

Arctiin alleviates knee osteoarthritis by suppressing chondrocyte oxidative stress induced by accumulated iron via AKT/NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Iron overload (IO) was considered to be a risk factor for cartilage degradation in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) advancement. However, few drugs were found to improve cartilage degeneration by alleviating multiple cell death induced by the impaired iron level of the knee joints. We aimed to elucidate that Arctiin (ARC) plays a role in managing KOA caused by accumulated iron levels by restoring chondrocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis.

Changes in sarcopenia and incident cardiovascular disease in prospective cohorts.

Background: Previous studies have identified sarcopenia as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, these studies primarily focused on sarcopenia status at baseline, without considering changes in sarcopenia status during follow-up. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between changes in sarcopenia status and the incidence of new-onset cardiovascular disease.

Lonicera caerulea genome reveals molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Introduction: Lonicera caerulea L. (blue honeysuckle) is a noteworthy fleshy-fruited tree and a prominent medicinal plant, which possesses notable characteristics such as exceptional resilience to winter conditions and early maturation, and the richest source of functional anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3-glucoside. The molecular mechanisms responsible for its freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis remain largely unknown.

Combined effect of triglyceride-glucose index and atherogenic index of plasma on cardiovascular disease: a national cohort study.

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) are both predictors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, their combined and individual contributions to CVD risk are not well understood. This study evaluate the joint and individual associations of the TyG index and AIP with CVD events in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

The Effectiveness of Curcumin, Resveratrol, and Silymarin on MASLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Polyphenols, known for their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have emerged as promising, natural, and safe complementary treatment options for metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Among these, curcumin, resveratrol, and silymarin are the most extensively studied; however, their differential effects on MASLD outcomes remain inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs aimed to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin, resveratrol, and silymarin in patients with MASLD.

[Preparation and methodological analysis of chitosan-based ultrasound-coupled hydrogel pads].

This study aims to optimize the process for preparing chitosan-based ultrasound-coupled hydrogel pads and investigate their application potential in ultrasonography. Chitosan, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and N-isopropylacrylamide were used as the main materials to prepare chitosan-based ultrasound-coupled hydrogel pads. The free-radical polymerization conditions were optimized by a three-factor, three-level orthogonal test with the tensile strength and ultrasound image quality of the hydrogel pads as evaluation indicators.

colonic fermentation of fermented Radix Astragali by and anti-hyperuricemia mechanism based on network pharmacology and experiment verification.

Aim: This research aimed to probe the effects of fecal microbiota and on the metabolism of Radix Astragali (RA) and solid fermenting Radix Astragali (FRA). It further explores pharmacological effects of RA, , and FRA on HUA mouse model and the mechanisms in HUA treatment.

Methods: Fecal microbiota and were used to ferment FRA and RA in vitro to probe the impacts of microbiota on the metabolism of active compound.

Skin cancer associated with calcineurin inhibitors treatment: analysis of FAERS database.

Background: Several studies have indicated a potential link between calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and skin cancers. However, comprehensive evidence of CNI-induced skin cancers remains lacking.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective pharmacovigilance study utilizing the FAERS database to identify potential risk signals associated with skin cancers with CNIs treatment, encompassing data from its inception to the third quarter of 2023.

Causal Relationship Between the Abuse of Cholesterol-Lowering Medication, Blood Pressure Medication, Insulin, and Exogenous Hormones and Cerebral Infarction.

Background: Cholesterol-lowering medications, blood pressure medication, insulin, and exogenous hormones (including hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, and minipills) are commonly utilized in clinical practice. Recent studies indicate that the use of these medications may significantly influence the occurrence and progression of cerebral infarction. This study aims to investigate the relationship between these medications and cerebral infarction using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, with the goal of offering valuable insights for the clinical management of cerebral infarction.

Design, Synthesis, and Herbicidal Activity Study of Novel Pyrazole-Carboxamides as Potential Transketolase Inhibitors.

Transketolase (TKL; EC 2.2.1.

Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Demonstrate Distinct Responses to Ambient Particulate Matter in a Polarization State- and Particle Seasonality-Specific Manner.

Macrophages are professional phagocytic immune cells that, following activation, polarize on a spectrum between the proinflammatory M1 and the proresolution M2 states. Macrophages have further been demonstrated to retain plasticity, allowing for the reprogramming of their polarization states following exposure to new stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly shown to modify macrophage function and polarization while also inducing worsening respiratory infection morbidity and mortality.

Bioengineering and omics approaches for Type 1 diabetes practical research: advancements and constraints.

Insulin dependency arises from autoimmunity that targets the β cells of the pancreas, resulting in Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Despite the fact that T1D patients require insulin for survival, insulin does not provide a cure for this disease or prevent its complications. Despite extensive genetic, molecular, and cellular research on T1D over the years, the translation of this understanding into effective clinical therapies continues to pose a significant obstacle.

A multi-omics database of buffaloes from Yangtze valley reveals diversity of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the fundamental livestock resource for local rural populations and holds a promising prospect of their milk and meat. Xuyi mountain (XYM) and Haizi (HZ) buffaloes from Yangtze valley comprises of species diversity of Asian water buffaloes. Current multi-omics enables identification of causal genes and elucidation of genetic regulatory mechanisms underlying complex traits in buffaloes.

[Assessment of residual symptoms in patients with axial spondyloarthritis with low disease activity and analysis of its related factors].

Objective: To comprehensively assess the occurrence of residual symptoms in patients with axial spondyloarthritis who have successfully attained the treatment goal of low disease activity, and to conduct a thorough analysis of the related factors.

Methods: An analysis was performed on axial spondyloarthritis patients who achieved low disease activity for the first time during their visits at the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Peking University Third Hospital, spanning from May 1, 2021, to February 29, 2024. Based on the ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score-C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP), the patients who achieved low disease activity were divided into a non-remission low disease activity group and a remission group.

Construction of a 0D-2D-2D Sandwich-like Ag/g-CN/MoS Photocatalyst with Bidirectional Electron Transfer Channels for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Hydrogen (H) production technology has sparked a boom in research aimed at alleviating environmental pollution and the pressure of nonrenewable energy sources. A key factor in this technology is the use of efficient photocatalysts. In this work, we successfully synthesized a 0D-2D-2D sandwich-like Ag/g-CN/MoS catalyst with bidirectional electron transfer channels via a calcination-hydrothermal method.

Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated with Calcineurin Inhibitors: A Real-World Analysis of Postmarketing Surveillance Data.

Purpose: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are currently the first-line drugs for preventing and treating post-transplant rejection in organ transplant recipients. However, these drugs, especially tacrolimus, have the potential to induce thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), a rare but potentially fatal complication that can develop following transplantation. This condition has garnered considerable attention within the medical community.