Triptolide Attenuates Renal Slit Diagram to Tight Junction Transition in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Regulating Nrf2-Ferroptosis Pathway.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prominent etiological factor underlying the onset of end-stage kidney disease, which is characterized by the presence of microalbuminuria. Recent studies have found that high glucose can induce mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in podocytes, leading to renal impairment and proteinuria. Triptolide was extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Hook F.

The inhibition of rutin on Src kinase blocks high glucose-induced EGFR/ERK transactivation in diabetic nephropathy by integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Background: Although clinical strategies for diabetic nephropathy (DN) therapy include stringent blood pressure control through blockade of the renin-angiotensin system and management of hyperglycemia, the condition is still observed to progress relentlessly.

Purpose: To elucidate the protective effects of rutin on podocytes in db/db mice with integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Methods: The study employs network pharmacology to identify common targets between rutin and DN, constructs a potential protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and conducts Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis.

(5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide ameliorates diabetic kidney damage by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and its cross-talk with renal resident cells.

Objective: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease, and there are no targeted treatment options at present. The efficacy of the new immunosuppressive drug (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT8) in improving kidney inflammation has been demonstrated in multiple studies. The present study was intended to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of LLDT8 on DN and to reveal its potential pharmacological mechanisms.

Structural optimization method of rice precision direct seed-metering device based on multi-index orthogonal experimental.

Introduction: To improve the mechanization level of rice planting, a new type of direct seeding device for rice was designed. The device's structural properties will be crucial in determining its seeding performance. Structure optimization in the current seed metering device design process focuses on a single or few indexes, resulting in improved individual performance but imbalanced overall performance.

Hyperuricemia Predicts the Progression of Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease in Chinese Patients.

Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has a high global disease burden and substantially increases the risk of end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. High levels of serum uric acid (SUA), or hyperuricemia, may indicate patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at risk for kidney disease.

Methods: This study explored the association between SUA levels and progression of kidney disease among patients with T2D.

Emerging role of aging in the progression of NAFLD to HCC.

With the aging of global population, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has surged in recent decades. NAFLD is a multifactorial disease that follows a progressive course, ranging from simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is well established that aging induces pathological changes in liver and potentiates the occurrence and progression of NAFLD, HCC and other age-related liver diseases.

Elevated serum uric acid is not an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Type 2 diabetic kidney disease in Chinese populations.

Previous studies suggested that increased serum uric acid (SUA) level is an independent risk factor for albuminuria in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. However, the association between SUA and onset of Type 2 DKD (T2DKD) remained to be clarified. This was a cross-sectional clinical study in which 1210 Chinese T2D patients were enrolled.

Erythrocyte-biomimetic nanosystems to improve antitumor effects of paclitaxel on epithelial cancers.

Chemotherapy is a difficult treatment for cancer patients because of the low effective accumulation of chemo-drugs and their detrimental side effects. Nanoparticles have shown promise as a solution to these problems. However, the known differences in the porosity and vascularization of tumor vessels, and other factors, including the potential formation of a "protein crown," the short half-life time in circulation, and the low drug distribution, often limit their application.

Dihydroartemisinin suppresses renal fibrosis in mice by inhibiting DNA-methyltransferase 1 and increasing Klotho.

Renal fibrosis is an unavoidable end result of all forms of progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Discovery of efficacious drugs against renal fibrosis is in crucial need. In a preliminary study we found that a derivative of artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), exerted strong renoprotection, and reversed renal fibrosis in adenine-induced CKD mouse model.

Prediction of the Potential Mechanism of Triptolide in Improving Diabetic Nephropathy by Utilizing A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach.

Background: Triptolide (TP) is a major active component of colquhounia root tablet, which has been long been used in China to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN) due to its marked anti‑inflammatory, antiproteinuric, and podocyte‑protective effects.

Methods: This study investigated the anti-proteinuria activity and related signaling cascade of TP in DN by utilizing a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach.

Results: From the GeneCard, DisGeNET, and National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene databases, 1458 DN targets were obtained and input together with 303 TP targets into Venny2.

The occurrence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes.

Context: The previous studies showed that hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) occurred commonly in men with type 2 diabetes. However, since all the cohorts tested were from American and European studies, the occurrence of HH/nongonadal illness (NGI) in Chinese populations is unclear.

Objective: The study aimed to explore the occurrence of HH/NGI in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes.

Lipidomics Reveals Serum Specific Lipid Alterations in Diabetic Nephropathy.

In diabetes mellitus (DM), disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism are significant causes of the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the exact roles of specific lipid molecules in the pathogenesis of DN remain unclear. This study recruited 577 participants, including healthy controls (HCs), type-2 DM (2-DM) patients, and DN patients, from the clinic.

[Jujing Gouju Granules promote reproductive function in rats with spermatozoa].

Objective: To observe the intervention effect of Jujing Gouju Granules (JGG) on teratozoospermia (TZ) in rats and explore its action mechanism.

Methods: Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of an equal number: normal control, TZ model control, high-dose JGG and low-dose JGG. The TZ model was established in the latter three groups of rats by intragastric administration of methyl methanesulfonate at 4 mg/100 g body weight/day for 7 consecutive days.

Lack of miRNA-17 family mediates high glucose-induced PAR-1 upregulation in glomerular mesangial cells.

Upregulation of thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) is verified to contribute to chronic kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy; however, the mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of PAR-1 on high glucose-induced proliferation of human glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs), and explored the mechanism of PAR-1 upregulation from alteration of microRNAs. We found that high glucose stimulated proliferation of the mesangial cells whereas PAR-1 inhibition with vorapaxar attenuated the cell proliferation.

Serum integrative omics reveals the landscape of human diabetic kidney disease.

Objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2-DM). Currently, urine and kidney biopsy specimens are the major clinical resources for DKD diagnosis. Our study proposes to evaluate the diagnostic value of blood in monitoring the onset of DKD and distinguishing its status in the clinic.

Host Gasdermin D restrains systemic endotoxemia by capturing Proteobacteria in the colon of high-fat diet-feeding mice.

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) functions as a key pyroptotic executor through its secreted N-terminal domain (GSDMD-N). However, the functional relevance and mechanistic basis of the precise roles of host colonic GSDMD in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut dysbiosis and systemic endotoxemia remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that HFD feeding triggers GSDMD-N secretion of both T-lymphocytes and enterocytes in mouse colons.

Frutescone O from Blocked TLR4-Mediated Myd88/NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Frutescone O was isolated from the aerial parts of L., which was commonly used as a folk medicinal material for treating anti-inflammatory disease in South East Asia. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and related signaling cascade of Frutescone O (Fru) in LPS induced RAW264.

Baeckein E suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation through inhibiting both the priming and assembly procedure: Implications for gout therapy.

Background: Baeckein E (BF-2) was isolated from the aerial parts of Baeckea frutescens L., which has a long history of use in traditional medicine in Southeast Asia to treat inflammatory disease.

Purpose: BF-2 was identified to have inhibitory activity on nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein-3 inflammasome (NLRP3) activation.

Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamics Model Characterizing CYP2C19 Polymorphisms to Predict Clopidogrel Pharmacokinetics and Its Anti-Platelet Aggregation Effect Following Oral Administration to Coronary Artery Disease Patients With or Without Diabetes.

Clopidogrel (CLOP) is commonly used in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without diabetes (DM), but these patients often suffer CLOP resistance, especially those with diabetes. This study was aimed to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) model to describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel active metabolite (CLOP-AM) in CAD patients with or without DM. The PBPK-PD model was first established and validated in healthy subjects and then in CAD patients with or without DM.

UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Hyperoside and Application to Pharmacokinetics Study in Rat After Different Administration Routes.

A rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and fully validated for the quantification of hyperoside in rat plasma after intragastric, intraperitoneal and intravenous administration. Geniposide was used as an internal standard, and simple liquid-liquid extraction by ethyl acetate was utilized for to extracting the analytes from the rat plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an InfinityLab Poroshell 120EC-C18column (2.

Ainsliaea fragrans champ. Extract prevents cervicitis in BALB/c mice and regulates MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway in MALP-2-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Ainsliaea fragrans Champ. (A. fragrans) is used to treat infection of the lower genital tract in gynecology, such as cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Housing temperature affects the circadian rhythm of hepatic metabolism and clock genes.

Environmental temperature remarkably impacts on metabolic homeostasis, raising a serious concern about the optimum housing temperature for translational studies. Recent studies suggested that mice should be housed slightly below their thermoneutral temperature (26°C). On the other hand, the external temperature, also known as a zeitgeber, can reset the circadian rhythm.