Mapping of high-resolution daily particulate matter (PM) concentration at the city level through a machine learning-based downscaling approach.

PM pollution is a major global concern, especially in Vietnam, due to its harmful effects on health and the environment. Monitoring local PM levels is crucial for assessing air quality. However, Vietnam's state-of-the-art (SOTA) dataset with a 3 km resolution needs to be revised to depict spatial variation in smaller regions accurately.

Spectroelectrochemical study of carbon structural and functionality characteristics on vanadium redox reactions for flow batteries.

Vanadium redox flow batteries have applications for large-scale electricity storage. This paper reports the influence of carbon structural characteristics of sustainable walnut shell-derived carbons in carbon/polyvinylidene fluoride composite electrodes on vanadium redox reactions. Pyrolysis, gasification, and chemical treatment procedures were used to modify the structural characteristics of carbons.

Lightweight Electrolyte Design for Li/Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) Batteries.

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) recently emerges as a promising cathode for high-energy lithium (Li) metal batteries owing to its high capacity, extended cycle life, and liberty from costly transition metals. As the high capacities of both Li metal and SPAN lead to relatively small electrode weights, the weight and specific energy density of Li/SPAN batteries are particularly sensitive to electrolyte weight, highlighting the importance of minimizing electrolyte density. Besides, the large volume changes of Li metal anode and SPAN cathode require inorganic-rich interphases that can guarantee intactness and protectivity throughout long cycles.

Synergetic Dual-Additive Electrolyte Enables Highly Stable Performance in Sodium Metal Batteries.

Sodium (Na)-metal batteries (SMBs) are considered one of the most promising candidates for the large-scale energy storage market owing to their high theoretical capacity (1,166 mAh g) and the abundance of Na raw material. However, the limited stability of electrolytes still hindered the application of SMBs. Herein, sulfolane (Sul) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are identified as effective dual additives that can largely stabilize propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolytes, prevent dendrite growth, and extend the cycle life of SMBs.

The TRAF3-DYRK1A-RAD54L2 complex maintains ACE2 expression to promote SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Unlabelled: Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the host receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is differentially expressed in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. The expression of ACE2 is under tight regulation, but the mechanisms regulating ACE2 expression have not yet been well defined. Through a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen, we discovered that host factors TRAF3, DYRK1A, and RAD54L2 (TDR) form a complex to regulate the expression of ACE2.

Unlocking the potentials of Ustilago trichophora for up-cycling polyurethane-derived monomer 1,4-butanediol.

Plastic usage by microbes as a carbon source is a promising strategy to increase the recycling quota. 1,4-butanediol (BDO) is a common monomer derived from polyesters and polyurethanes. In this study, Ustilago trichophora was found to be an efficient cell-factory to valorize BDO.

Layer-by-layer assembly of nanotheranostic particles for simultaneous delivery of docetaxel and doxorubicin to target osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare form of primary bone cancer, impacting approximately 3.4 × 10 individuals worldwide each year, primarily afflicting children. Given the limitations of existing cancer therapies, the emergence of nanotheranostic platforms has generated considerable research interest in recent decades.

PTEN Mediates the Silencing of Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA.

The integration of viral DNA into a host genome is an important step in HIV-1 replication. However, due to the high failure rate of integration, the majority of viral DNA exists in an unintegrated state during HIV-1 infection. In contrast to the robust expression from integrated viral DNA, unintegrated HIV-1 DNA is very poorly transcribed in infected cells, but the molecular machinery responsible for the silencing of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA remains poorly characterized.

Genomic and vaccine preclinical studies reveal a novel mouse-adapted model for the hpEastAsia genotype in Southeast Asia.

infection is a major global health concern, linked to the development of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. To study the pathogenesis of and develop effective intervention strategies, appropriate animal pathogen models that closely mimic human infection are essential. This study focuses on the understudied hpEastAsia genotype in Southeast Asia, a region marked by a high infection rate.

High-quality physiology of SK2 producing glycolipids enables efficient stirred-tank bioreactor cultivation.

Glycine-glucolipid, a glycolipid, is natively synthesized by the marine bacterium SK2. is a Gram-negative, non-motile, aerobic, halophilic, rod-shaped γ-proteobacterium, classified as an obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium. Naturally, this bacterium exists in low cell numbers in unpolluted marine environments, but during oil spills, the cell number significantly increases and can account for up to 90% of the microbial community responsible for oil degradation.

Synthesis of Biodegradable and Antimicrobial Nanocomposite Films Reinforced for Coffee and Agri-Food Product Preservation.

The antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles is widely known. However, their application to biodegradable polymeric materials is still limited. In this work, we report a strategy involving the green synthesis of nanocomposite films based on a natural biodegradable matrix.

Revealing the Anion-Solvent Interaction for Ultralow Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries.

Anion solvation in electrolytes can largely change the electrochemical performance of the electrolytes, yet has been rarely investigated. Herein, three anions of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), and derived asymmetric (fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoro-methanesulfonyl)imide (FTFSI) are systematically examined in a weakly Li cation solvating solvent of bis(3-fluoropropyl)ether (BFPE). In-situ liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry demonstrates that FTFSI and FSI anions are associated with BFPE solvent, while weak TFSI /BFPE cluster signals are detected.

Systematic review and rationale of using psychedelics in the treatment of cannabis use disorder.

Introduction: Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is prevalent in ~2-5% of adults in the United States and is anticipated to increase as restrictions to cannabis decrease and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content in cannabis products increase. No FDA-approved medications for CUD are currently available, despite trials of dozens of re-purposed and novel drugs. Psychedelics have garnered interest as a therapeutic class in other substance use disorders, and self-report surveys suggest they may result in positive outcomes for CUD.

Kinetics of maize cob and bean straw pyrolysis and combustion.

Kinetic studies are important for the design and optimisation of thermochemical processes. This study involved analysis of the pyrolysis and combustion behaviour of the agricultural residues (bean straw and maize cob) by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Increasing the heating rate from 10 to 40 K min during both combustion and pyrolysis increased the degradation rate of both feedstocks and the gaseous yields of HO, CO and CO.

Improvement of the Impacted Level of Lower Third Molars After Orthodontic Treatment.

Objectives: The early or delayed surgical removal of an asymptomatic lower third molar (M3) in orthodontic patients remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the changes in the impacted level of M3 such as angulation, vertical position, and eruption space, after orthodontic treatment in 3 groups, namely non-extraction (NE), first premolar (P1) extraction, and second premolar (P2) extraction.

Methods: Relevant angles and distances related to 334 M3s from 180 orthodontic patients were assessed pre- and posttreatment.

Renewable carbon sources to biochemicals and -fuels: contributions of the smut fungi Ustilaginaceae.

The global demand for food, fuels, and chemicals increases annually. Using renewable C-sources (i.e.

Valorization of agriculture waste biomass as biochar: As first-rate biosorbent for remediation of contaminated soil.

Each year, Asia produces an estimated 350 million tonnes of agricultural residues. According to Ministry of Power projections, numerous tonnes of such waste are discarded each year, in addition to being used as green manure. The methodology used to convert agricultural waste into the most valuable biochar, as well as its critical physical and chemical properties, were described in this review.

Insights into the effects of synthesis techniques and crosslinking agents on the characteristics of cellulosic aerogels from .

Aerogel cellulose materials were synthesised from and different crosslinkers, such as kymene and a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA). The effects of using a magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic methods were investigated. The results show that materials prepared using ultrasonic methods have higher porosity and lower density.

Characterization of the Shells in Layer-By-Layer Nanofunctionalized Particles: A Computational Study.

Drug delivery carriers are considered an encouraging approach for the localized treatment of disease with minimum effect on the surrounding tissue. Particularly, layer-by-layer releasing particles have gained increasing interest for their ability to develop multifunctional systems able to control the release of one or more therapeutical drugs and biomolecules. Although experimental methods can offer the opportunity to establish cause and effect relationships, the data collection can be excessively expensive or/and time-consuming.

HIV-1 exploits the Fanconi anemia pathway for viral DNA integration.

The integration of HIV-1 DNA into the host genome results in single-strand gaps and 2-nt overhangs at the ends of viral DNA, which must be repaired by cellular enzymes. The cellular factors responsible for the DNA damage repair in HIV-1 DNA integration have not yet been well defined. We report here that HIV-1 infection potently activates the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA repair pathway, and the FA effector proteins FANCI-D2 bind to the C-terminal domain of HIV-1 integrase.

Utilizing polymer-conjugate albumin-based ultrafine gas bubbles in combination with ultra-high frequency radiations in drug transportation and delivery.

The application of ultrafine bubbles as drug carriers in drug delivery is still in its developmental stage; it is important to obtain a thorough understanding of the factors affecting the formation and stability of drug carrier matrices. In this study, the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated human serum albumin (HSA)-based ultrafine bubble simulating the physiological electrolyte concentration in human blood (154 mM) for quercetin delivery was investigated. Optical absorbance measurements, surface tension measurements, and fluorescence laser imaging were also employed to assess the plausibility of polymer-conjugated albumin-stabilized ultrafine bubbles in drug loading and drug release.

Correction: Cobalt-catalyzed, directed arylation of C-H bonds in -aryl pyrazoles.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA00975C.].

Cobalt-catalyzed, directed arylation of C-H bonds in -aryl pyrazoles.

We report a method for directed -arylation of -aryl pyrazoles with arylboronic acids. Reactions proceeded in the presence of a Co(hfacac) catalyst, CeSO oxidant, and HFIP solvent. Functionalities such as nitro, ester, bromo, and ketone groups were compatible with the reaction conditions.