Associations between plasma caspase-1 levels and cardiovascular disease, with the mediating role of metabolic syndrome.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the association between plasma caspase-1 levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as the potential mediating role of metabolic syndrome (Mets) in the association.

Methods: This study analyzed the UK Biobank Precision Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP), which detected plasma caspase-1 levels in participants. CVD was defined by ICD-9/ICD-10 codes.

Xinkeshu formula restrains pathological cardiac hypertrophy through metabolic remodeling via AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Background: Xinkeshu (XKS) formula is a patented traditional Chinese medicine used to treat cardiovascular diseases for decades. However, little is known about its potential influence on heart metabolism under pathological conditions.

Purpose: This study sought to explore the potential role of XKS in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, with a focus on metabolic remolding.

Renal function and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: the potential mediating role of carnitine metabolites.

Context: Renal function may play a crucial role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, prospective studies on this topic are scarce and the mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the associations of early-pregnancy renal function with GDM and the mediating role of carnitine metabolites.

Effects of healthy low-carbohydrate diet and time-restricted eating on weight and gut microbiome in adults with overweight or obesity: Feeding RCT.

The effect of a healthy low-carbohydrate diet (HLCD) and time-restricted eating (TRE), alone or in combination, on body weight and gut microbiome beyond caloric restriction remains unclear. In this 12-week two-by-two factorial randomized trial with a 28-week follow-up among 96 participants with overweight or obesity, isocaloric-restricted feeding yields significant weight loss, ranging from 2.57 to 4.

Proteomic signatures of healthy dietary patterns are associated with lower risks of major chronic diseases and mortality.

Healthy dietary patterns have been linked to a decreased risk of chronic diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether proteomic signatures can reflect proteome response to healthy diet patterns, and whether these proteomic signatures are associated with health outcomes. Using data from the UK Biobank including Olink plasma proteins, we identified substantial proteomic variation in relation to adherence to eight healthy dietary patterns.

Relationship Between Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression, Cardiovascular Disease Events, and Mortality in Chinese Adults.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality compared to the general population.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether the excess risk of CVD events and death among patients with CKD could be reduced or eliminated through strict control of blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: <130 mm Hg), lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: <2.6 mmol/L), and glucose (fasting blood glucose: <6.

Differences in HDL-related coronary heart disease risk between individuals with and without diabetes.

Background And Aims: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) might lose atheroprotective functions in the presence of diabetes. We sought to examine associations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL particle (HDL-P) subclasses with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) stratified by diabetes.

Methods: We included 393,516 participants (20,691 diabetics and 372,825 nondiabetics) from the UK Biobank.

Gut antibiotic resistome during pregnancy associates with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: New evidence from a prospective nested case-control study.

Antibiotic resistome has emerged as a global threat to public health. However, gestational antibiotic resistome and potential link with adverse pregnancy outcomes remains poorly understood. Our study reports for the first time an association between gut antibiotic resistome during early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on a prospective nested case-control cohort including 120 cases and 120 matched controls.

Blood trihalomethane and urinary haloacetic acid concentrations in relation to hypertension: An observational study among 1162 healthy men.

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) have demonstrated cardiovascular and reproductive toxicity. However, the associations and mechanisms of DBP exposure in relation to hypertension among healthy young men, which are critical for gaining new insights into the prevention and treatment of male subfertility, remain unclear. In 2017-2018, we recruited 1162 healthy Chinese men.

Associations of social determinants of health with life expectancy and future health risks among individuals with type 2 diabetes: two nationwide cohort studies in the UK and USA.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the primary drivers of preventable health inequities, and the associations between SDHs and health outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes remain unclear. This study aimed to estimate the associations of combined SDHs with life expectancy and future health risks among adults with type 2 diabetes from the UK and USA.

Methods: In an analysis of two nationwide cohort studies, adults with type 2 diabetes were identified from the UK Biobank from March 13, 2006, to Oct 1, 2010 (adults aged 37-73 years) and the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 (adults aged ≥20 years).

Vitamin D and heart failure risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes: observational and Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Evidence is limited and inconsistent regarding vitamin D and heart failure (HF) risk in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), among whom vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is common.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with HF risk among individuals with T2D, in observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) frameworks.

Methods: Observational analyses were performed among 15,226 T2D participants aged 40-72 y from the UK Biobank.

Association of life's essential 8 with risk of recurrent cardiovascular events among patients with coronary heart disease.

Aims: To examine the association of Life's Essential 8 (LE8) with the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events among patients with CHD.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 11,997 patients with CHD from the UK Biobank. The LE8 score was generated using five lifestyle factors (diet, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, and sleep) and three biological factors (blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure).

Adherence to a planetary health diet, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank.

Background: The influence of adherence to a planetary health diet (PHD) proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission on cardiovascular disease (CVD) is inconclusive. Besides, whether genetic susceptibility to CVD can modify the association of PHD with CVD remains unknown.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to PHD and CVD, and to evaluate the interaction between PHD and genetic predisposition to CVD.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy with adaptive resolution strategy.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a method capable of reconstructing a high-resolution, wide field-of-view (FOV) image, where dark-field images provide the high-frequency information required for the iterative process. Theoretically, using more dark-field images can lead to results with higher resolution. However, the resolution required to clearly detect samples with different microscales varies.

Association of trajectories and cumulative exposure of antenatal depression with high birth weight.

Background: Inconsistent associations between antenatal depression and fetal birth weight were reported previously, and little is known about the dynamic changes and long-term cumulative effect of antenatal depression during pregnancy.

Methods: Participants were from the Tongji-Huaxi-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in early, middle, and late pregnancy respectively.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and risk of infections among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Evidence on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and infections among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a group susceptible to vitamin D deficiency and infections, is limited.

Objectives: We aimed to examine this association in individuals with T2D, and to evaluate whether genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR) would modify this association.

Methods: This study included 19,851 participants with T2D from United Kingdom Biobank.

Depth-of-field extended Fourier ptychographic microscopy without defocus distance priori.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) provides a solution of high-throughput phase imaging. Thanks to its coherent imaging model, FPM has the capacity of depth-of-field (DOF) extension by simultaneously recovering the sample's transmittance function and pupil aberration, which contains a defocus term. However, existing phase retrieval algorithms (PRs) often struggle in the presence of a significant defocus.