Lipid-Rapamycin Nanovaccines Overcome the Antidrug Antibody Barrier in Biologic Therapies.

Antidrug antibodies (ADAs) against biologics present a major challenge for sustained biotherapy, including enzyme replacement therapies and adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapies. These antibodies arise from undesirable immune responses, leading to altered pharmacokinetics, reduced efficacy, and adverse reactions. In this study, we introduced a rationally designed lipid-rapamycin (Rapa)-based nanovaccine to restore immune tolerance to biologics and overcome drug resistance.

The association between sleep duration and myopia among Chinese school-age students: mediation effect of physical activity.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and myopia in school-age students, as well as to observe the role of physical activity as a mediating variable in sleep duration and myopia.

Methods: Using multistage stratified sampling, 26,020 school-age students in Jiangsu Province, ages 7-18, were selected for this cross-sectional survey. Each participant completed a standardized interview in which their were asked about their vision, level of physical activity and average hours of sleep per day over the past month.

Nanoparticle Adjuvants Incorporating Haptens Drive Potent Immune Tolerance to Accelerate Hair Regrowth.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a prevalent autoimmune condition that causes sudden hair loss and poses significant psychological challenges to affected individuals. Current treatments, including corticosteroids and Janus kinase inhibitors, fail to provide long-term efficacy due to adverse effects and relapse after cessation. This study introduces a nanoparticle (NP) system that codeliver diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) and rapamycin (RAPA) prodrugs to induce immune tolerance and promote hair regeneration.

iTASO: A Novel Photosensitive Probe for High-Throughput and Selective Submetabolomic Analysis via Flow Injection-Mass Spectrometry.

Flow injection mass spectrometry (FI-MS) is widely employed for high-throughput metabolome analysis, yet the absence of prior separation leads to significant matrix effects, thereby limiting the metabolome coverage. In this study, we introduce a novel photosensitive MS probe, iTASO-ONH, integrated with FI-MS to establish a high-throughput strategy for submetabolome analyses. The iTASO probe features a conjugated-imino sulfonate moiety for efficient photolysis under 365 nm irradiation and a reactive group for selective metabolite labeling.

Enhancement of Thermochemical Energy Storage by Alkali Metal Chloride Salts-Doped Ca-Based Sorbents: A Combined DFT and Experimental Study.

In this paper, the enhancement of thermochemical energy storage by alkali metal chloride salts-doped Ca-based sorbents is revealed by experiments and DFT calculations. The results indicate that NaCl and KCl doping increases the reaction rate and cycle stability. Compared to CaO, the conversion of NaCl-CaO and KCl-CaO after one cycle is increased by 59.

Influencing factors and changing trends of depressive symptoms among middle and junior high school students in Eastern China from 2019 to 2023: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased levels of depression among adolescents in 2019. However, the situation regarding adolescent depression in the later stages of the pandemic remains unclear. This study investigated depressive symptoms status and changing trends among middle and junior high school students from 2019 to 2023.

Discovery of novel sulfonamide derivatives containing pinacolone moieties as fungicide candidates against Botrytis cinerea.

Background: Botrytis cinerea is one of the most serious plant diseases and severely threatens agricultural production. The rapidly intensifying resistance makes most commercial chemical fungicides lose control efficacy. Developing new fungicides with novel structures and modes of action is an effective measure to solve this problem.

Aspartate signalling drives lung metastasis via alternative translation.

Lung metastases occur in up to 54% of patients with metastatic tumours. Contributing factors to this high frequency include the physical properties of the pulmonary system and a less oxidative environment that may favour the survival of cancer cells. Moreover, secreted factors from primary tumours alter immune cells and the extracellular matrix of the lung, creating a permissive pre-metastatic environment primed for the arriving cancer cells.

Magnetic phase transition and spin-phonon coupling effect of antiferromagnetic NiO flakes probed by Raman spectroscopy.

Two-dimensional antiferromagnetic materials have attracted wide attention in both performance and application, which are of great significance for spin valves and next-generation magnetic random access memory devices. The spin-phonon coupling effect plays a crucial role in magnon dynamics. However, there is still a lack of research on the spin-phonon coupling effect of two-dimensional antiferromagnetic flakes.

QSAR-guided strategy for accurate annotation of FAHFA regioisomers.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) represent a novel class of bioactive lipids with significant physiological roles. However, their identification, particularly of low-abundance FAHFA regioisomers, remains challenging due to their high structural similarity, low natural abundance, and the limited availability of reliable FAHFA standards. In this study, we present a QSAR-based FAHFA annotation strategy that integrates a QSAR model with an ester bond position (EP) rule to determine the EPs of FAHFA regioisomers.

A review on apricot kernel seed proteins and peptides: Biological functions and food applications.

Apricot kernel seed proteins, containing over 60 % protein, have gained attention as a potential solution to the global protein shortage and sustainable use of agricultural by-products. While research has primarily focused on their content, composition, and structural properties, there remains a lack of comprehensive studies on the extraction methods and the preparation of bioactive peptides. This review highlights the nutritional value of apricot kernel seed proteins, explores strategies to reduce allergenicity, and examines their bioactive peptide functions.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the contribution of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells to fibrosis in human atrial tissue with atrial fibrillation.

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has high mortality and morbidity rates. However, the intracellular molecular complexity of the atrial tissue of patients with AF has not been adequately assessed.

Methods And Results: We investigated the cellular heterogeneity of human atrial tissue and changes in differentially expressed genes between cells using single-cell RNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, intercellular communication, and cell trajectory analysis.

Involvement of Melatonin, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in the Protective Mechanism of the Carotid Artery over the Torpor-Arousal Cycle of Ground Squirrels.

Hibernating mammals experience severe hemodynamic changes over the torpor-arousal cycle, with oxygen consumption reaching peaks during the early stage of torpor to re-enter arousal. Melatonin (MT) can improve mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of MT action on the vascular protective function of hibernators are still unclear.

Elevated serum miR-142-5p correlates with ischemic lesions and both NSE and S100β in ischemic stroke patients.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between miRNAs and known nerve injury markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β in ischemic stroke (IS) patients, exploring its efficacy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 86 IS patients and 32 healthy controls. Clinical and neurological examinations were performed in the admitted patients and the severity of neurological deficits was assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).

Analyzing the potential targets and mechanisms of chronic kidney disease induced by common synthetic Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) in Chinese surface water environment using network toxicology and molecular docking techniques.

Long-term exposure to NP and OP, as common synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in surface water environments in China, is closely associated with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, their potential targets and toxicological mechanisms for inducing CKD remain unknown. This study utilizes network toxicology and molecular docking techniques to explore the potential toxic targets and molecular mechanisms of CKD induction by NP and OP.

3D-Bioprinting for Precision Microtissue Engineering: Advances, Applications, and Prospects.

Microtissues, engineered to emulate the complexity of human organs, are revolutionizing the fields of regenerative medicine, disease modelling, and drug screening. Despite the promise of traditional microtissue engineering, it has yet to achieve the precision required to fully replicate organ-like structures. Enter 3D bioprinting, a transformative approach that offers unparalleled control over the microtissue's spatial arrangement and mechanical properties.

The effect of heatwave and cold spell on cardiovascular disease mortality in central China, 2018-2022.

Unlabelled: Heatwave and cold spell have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, due to the varying definitions of heatwave and cold spell, their impacts on CVD mortality are inconsistent.

Methods: A time series study in Hunan province, central of China, from 2018 to 2022, was conducted to test the relationship between heatwave, cold spell and CVD mortality.

Safety and efficacy of intralesional rituximab injection versus involved site radiation therapy in primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Involved site radiation therapy (ISRT) is a widely used treatment for primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with control rates over 85%; however, its complications could reach 30%-50%. Intralesional rituximab injection has shown promising results with remission rates between 65% and 100% and minimal complications. This study aimed to conduct a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial to compare the safety and efficacy of intralesional rituximab injection versus ISRT on primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of buffalo casein enhances DPP-4 inhibition: structural modifications and bioactive peptide identification.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), the enzyme responsible for the rapid degradation of incretin hormones, plays a pivotal role in blood glucose regulation, and its inhibition serves as an effective strategy for maintaining glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structure of buffalo casein and its DPP-4 inhibitory activity. Results demonstrated that Flavorzyme effectively hydrolyzed buffalo casein, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy and electrophoretic analysis, with the degree of hydrolysis reaching its maximum value (20.

Altered structural and functional homotopic connectivity associated with cognitive changes in SLE.

Objective: Previous studies have revealed functional changes within the cerebral hemispheres of patients with SLE; however the changes between cerebral hemispheres are still unknown. The present study aimed to explore the functional and structural changes between bilateral hemispheres using functional MRI and find their relationship with cognition in patients with SLE.

Methods: 54 patients with SLE and 32 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent MRI scanning and neuropsychological testing, and clinical data was collected in patients with SLE.