Reductive Transformation of CO to Organic Compounds.

Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas and a safe, abundant, easily accessible, and renewable C1 resource that can be chemically converted into high value-added chemicals, fuels and materials. The preparation of urea, organic carbonates, salicylic acid, etc. from CO through non-reduction conversion has been used in industrial production, while CO reduction transformation has become a research hotspot in recent years due to its involvement in energy storage and product diversification.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of leaf extract against amyloid-beta-induced toxicity in the model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a critical global health challenge with limited therapeutic options, prompting the exploration of alternative strategies. A key pathology in AD involves amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation, and targeting both Aβ aggregation and oxidative stress is crucial for effective intervention. Natural compounds from medicinal and food sources have emerged as potential preventive and therapeutic agents, with leaf extract (NLE) showing promising properties.

Raddeanin A Protects the BRB Through Inhibiting Inflammation and Apoptosis in the Retina of Alzheimer's Disease.

Neuroinflammation and endothelial cell apoptosis are prominent features of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which have been described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and can predict cognitive decline. Recent reports revealed vascular β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits, Muller cell degeneration and microglial dysfunction in the retina of AD patients. However, there has been no in-depth research on the roles of inflammation, retinal endothelial cell apoptosis, and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) damage in AD retinopathy.

Hydroformylation of Olefins with CO/H and Hydrosilane by Copper/Cobalt Tandem Catalysis.

A Cu/Co tandem catalysis protocol was developed to conduct the hydroformylation of olefins using CO/H and PMHS (polymethylhydrosiloxane) as a readily available and environmentally friendly hydride source. This methodology was performed via a two-step approach consisting of the copper-catalyzed reduction of CO by hydrosilane and subsequent cobalt-promoted hydroformylation with H and the in situ formed CO. The optimized triphos oxide ligand, which presumably facilitates the migratory insertion of CO gives moderate to excellent yields for both terminal and internal alkenes.

Penthorum chinense Pursh inhibits ferroptosis in cellular and Caenorhabditis elegans models of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Ferroptosis, a unique type of cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a debilitating condition marked by memory loss and cognitive impairment due to the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. Increasing evidence suggests that inhibitors of ferroptosis could be groundbreaking in the treatment of AD.

Method: In this study, we established in vitro ferroptosis using erastin-, RSL-3-, hemin-, and iFSP1-induced PC-12 cells.

Novel 18-norspirostane steroidal saponins: Extending lifespan and mitigating neurodegeneration through promotion of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Pharmacological strategies to delay aging and combat age-related diseases are increasingly promising. This study explores the anti-aging and therapeutic effects of two novel 18-norspirostane steroidal saponins from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim, namely deoxytrillenoside CA (DTCA) and epitrillenoside CA (ETCA), using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).

The Protective Effects of Ether Fraction against Alzheimer's Disease Pathology: An Exploration in Models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global healthcare systems, with current treatments offering only modest relief and often bringing unwanted side effects, necessitating the exploration of more effective and safer drugs. In this study, we employed the () model, specifically the AD-like CL4176 strain expressing the human Aβ protein, to investigate the potential of extract and its fractions. Our results showed that the ether fraction (REF) notably diminished the paralysis rates of CL4176 worms.

Carpesii fructus extract exhibits neuroprotective effects in cellular and Caenorhabditis elegans models of Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Despite extensive research, no definitive cure or effective disease-modifying treatment for PD exists to date. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic agents with neuroprotective properties is of utmost importance.

Raddeanin A isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel improves pathological and cognitive deficits of the mice model of Alzheimer's disease by targeting β-amyloidosis.

Background: Raddeanin A is a triterpenoid isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. It exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, however, its neuroprotective effect in targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains uninvestigated.

Purpose: To provide scientific base for the development of novel AD drug by clarifying the neuroprotective effect and molecular mechanisms of raddeanin A in both in vitro and in vivo AD model.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and neurodegenerative diseases: Past, present, and future.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a first responder that recognizes DNA damage and facilitates its repair. Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive neuron loss driven by various risk factors, including DNA damage, have increasingly shed light on the pivotal involvement of PARP1. During the early phases of neurodegenerative diseases, PARP1 experiences controlled activation to swiftly address mild DNA damage, thereby contributing to maintain brain homeostasis.

Lychee seed polyphenol ameliorates DR via inhibiting inflammasome/apoptosis and angiogenesis in hRECs and db/db mice.

Blood retinal barrier (BRB) damage is an important pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, and alleviating BRB damage has become a key target for DR treatment. We previously found that Lycopene seed polyphenols (LSP) maintained BRB integrity by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation. However, it is still unknown whether LSP inhibits retinal neovascularization with abnormal capillaries and its mechanism of action.

Protective effects of Radix Stellariae extract against Alzheimer's disease via autophagy activation in Caenorhabditis elegans and cellular models.

Enhancing the clearance of proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) emerges as a promising approach for AD therapeutics. This study explores the potential of Radix Stellariae, a traditional Chinese medicine, in treating AD. Utilizing transgenic C.

Ameliorative effect of Luffa cylindrica fruits on Caenorhabditis elegans and cellular models of Alzheimer's disease-related pathology via autophagy induction.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder without an effective cure. Natural products, while showing promise as potential therapeutics for AD, remain underexplored.

Aims: This study was conducted with the goal of identifying potential anti-AD candidates from natural sources using Caenorhabditis elegans (C.

Targeting autophagy to discover the Piper wallichii petroleum ether fraction exhibiting antiaging and anti-Alzheimer's disease effects in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: With population aging, the incidence of aging-related Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing, accompanied by decreased autophagy activity. At present, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is widely employed to evaluate autophagy and in research on aging and aging-related diseases in vivo.

The Application of Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury.

The spinal cord and the brain form the central nervous system (CNS), which is the most important part of the body. However, spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by external forces is one of the most difficult types of neurological injury to treat, resulting in reduced or even absent motor, sensory and autonomic functions. It leads to the reduction or even disappearance of motor, sensory and self-organizing nerve functions.

Folium Hibisci Mutabilis extract, a potent autophagy enhancer, exhibits neuroprotective properties in multiple models of neurodegenerative diseases.

Background: Protein aggregates are considered key pathological features in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The induction of autophagy can effectively promote the clearance of ND-related misfolded proteins.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to screen natural autophagy enhancers from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) presenting potent neuroprotective potential in multiple ND models.

[In vitro "benefit-risk" evaluation and network regulation mechanism of Colquhounia Root Tablets and its key material basis].

Colquhounia Root Tablets, prepared from Tripterygium, is effective for rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic nephropathy, and membranous nephropathy. However, the adverse reactions, such as liver injury, nausea, and vomiting, limit its application. This study aims to evaluate the advantages and risk of Colquhounia Root Tablets and its key active components in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic nephropathy, and membranous nephropathy and explore the potential mechanism in treating different diseases based on in vitro efficacy and toxicity assessment and biomolecular network analysis.

Ciliatoside A, isolated from Peristrophe japonica, inhibits HBsAg expression and cccDNA transcription by inducing autophagy.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and seroconversion are considered as an end point of a functional cure. Therefore, it is crucial to find new agents which could efficiently decrease HBsAg. Traditional herbal plants have been considered as an important source of new hepatitis B drugs development for their extensive use in antimicrobial and anti-inflammation.

The Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polysaccharides in Metabolic Diseases.

Plant polysaccharides (PPS) composed of more than 10 monosaccharides show high safety and various pharmacological activities, including immunoregulatory, antitumor, antioxidative, antiaging, and other effects. In recent years, emerging evidence has indicated that many PPS are beneficial for metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, obesity, and neurological diseases, which are usually caused by the metabolic disorder of fat, sugar, and protein. In this review, we introduce the common characteristics and functional activity of many representative PPS, emphasize the common risks and molecular mechanism of metabolic diseases, and discuss the pharmacological activity and mechanism of action of representative PPS obtained from plants including , , pumpkin, , , , , , and tea in metabolic diseases.

Therapeutic potential of Polygala saponins in neurological diseases.

Background: There are many types of neurological diseases with complex etiologies. At present, most clinical drugs can only relieve symptoms but cannot cure these diseases. Radix Polygalae, a famous traditional Chinese medicine from the root of plants of the genus Polygala, has the traditional effect of treating insomnia, forgetfulness, and palpitation and improving intelligence and other symptoms of neurological diseases.

Cost-Effective 2D Ultrathin Metal-Organic Layers with Bis-Metallic Catalytic Sites for Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Liang-Nian He at Nankai University. The image depicts that 2D ultrathin metal organic layers (MOLs) with bis-metallic catalytic sites make an efficient photocatalyst resulting in efficient and selective visible-light-driven CO reduction. Read the full text of the article at 10.

Galangin Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects in 6-OHDA-Induced Models of Parkinson's Disease via the Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and there is still no cure for it. PD is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and oxidative stress has been considered an important pathological mechanism. Therefore, the discovery of antioxidants to alleviate the oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons is a promising therapeutic strategy for PD.

Targeting autophagy regulation in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated lung inflammation in COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Emerging evidence indicates that the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated, which results in a cytokine storm at the late stage of COVID-19. Autophagy regulation is involved in the infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 at the early stage and the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated lung inflammation at the late stage of COVID-19.

Targeting microglial autophagic degradation of the NLRP3 inflammasome for identification of thonningianin A in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglial autophagic degradation not only decreases the deposits of extracellular Aβ fibrils but also inhibits the activation of NRLP3 inflammasome. Here, we aimed to identify the potent autophagy enhancers from Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP) that alleviate the pathology of AD via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome.