Bioaccessibility and bioavailability adjusted dietary exposure of cadmium for local residents from a high-level environmental cadmium region.

The critical health risks caused by cadmium (Cd) via dietary exposure are commonly assessed by detecting Cd concentrations in foods. Differently, in this study, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Cd in major local harvests were introduced to assess the dietary exposure of local residents from a high-level environmental Cd region. The results indicated that certain Cd was released into the digestive juice after in vitro digestion with a bioaccessibility of 20-63% for rice and 3-32% for leafy vegetables, and the released portion was partially absorbed by Caco-2 cells with a bioavailability of 2-21% for rice and 0.

Safety and efficacy of dehydrated ethanol soaking of the operative field in the treatment of spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma rupture.

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical safety and value of ethanol surgical field infiltration (ESFI), combined with distilled water peritoneal lavage (DWPL), after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture.

Methods: Rat liver tissue samples were soaked in dehydrated ethanol for different soaking times, and 18 rats were assigned to three groups that underwent different soaking methods of the hepatectomy cut surface. We retrospectively reviewed 45 patients who underwent hepatectomy for treatment of ruptured HCC.

Comparative pharmacokinetics of continuous and conventional intrathecal amphotericin B in rabbits.

We previously reported a new effective therapy, continuous intrathecal amphotericin B (AMB), for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis, which had fewer side effects and complications than conventional intrathecal AMB. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of continuous intrathecal administration and conventional intrathecal AMB were compared in rabbits, providing a pharmacokinetic basis for the use of continuous intrathecal AMB therapy. The AMB concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), sampled via an inserted cisterna magna catheter, was determined by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay.

Analysis of the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum Using GC-MS coupled with chemometric resolution methods.

The essential oils extracted from Coriandrum sativum L. were analyzed by GC-MS coupled with chemometric resolution methods. Through the chemometric resolution methods, peak clusters were uniquely resolved into the pure chromatographic profiles and mass spectra of each component.

[Quantitative determination of podophyllotoxin in dermal and blood microdialysis samples of rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Objective: To develop and validate a sensitive method for quantitative analysis of podophyllotoxin in blood and dermal microdialysis samples of rats based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS-MS).

Methods: The microdialysis samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate with etoposide as the internal standard (IS). Podophyllotoxin was separated with an Agilent ZORBAX XDB-C18 column (2.

[Rapid identification of 22 abused drugs and organophosphorus pesticides in blood by LC-MS/MS].

Objective: To develop a method for rapid identification of 22 abused drugs and organophosphorus pesticides in the blood.

Methods: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in multiple-reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was employed for detecting the drugs and pesticides in the blood. The MRM database and criteria for identification were established, and ethyl acetate was used for extraction of the drugs.

[Pharmacokinetic study of polydatin in Beagle dogs].

Objective: To establish a method for detecting plasma polydatin using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and investigate the pharmacokinetics of polydatin in Beagle dogs.

Methods: HPLC-based detection of polydatin was performed on a Hypersil-BDS C18 column with a mobile phase of methanol and water (35:65) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength of 290 nm.

[Study on the chemical constituents of Sarcandra glabra by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS].

Objective: To study and compare the main chemical constituents of Sarcandra glabra and qingrexiaoyanning capsules which were extracted by acetic ether.

Methods: The sample solution were analyzed by a Zorbax C18 column with a gradient mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution.

[High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry of isofraxidin in Sarcandra glabra].

Objective: To establish a method for determining isofraxidin concentrations in Sarcandra glabra and Qingrexiaoyanning capsules with high-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometry.

Methods: Isofraxidin was extracted from Sarcandra glabra and Qingrexiaoyanning capsules with acetic ether and chloroform, respectively, and separated by isocratic reversed-phase chromatography. The mass spectrometric system was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode.

[As2O3-induced permeability transition pore opening in mitochondria depends on Ca2+].

Objective: To explore the mechanism of arsenite-induced permeability transition pore (PTP) opening and the role of Ca(2+). in As(2)O(3)-induced PTP opening.

Method: The mitochondria were prepared from Wistar rat liver and mitochondrial swelling was assessed spectrophotometrically at 540 nm to evaluate PTP opening.

[Resveratrol induces HepG2 cell apoptosis by depolarizing mitochondrial membrane].

Objective: To investigate the effects of resveratrol on the proliferation, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell morphology of human liver cancer cell line HepG2.

Methods: The changes in HepG2 cell growth and proliferation in response to resveratrol treatment were evaluated by MTT assay, and resveratrol-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells was investigated by flow cytometry. Inverted microscope and electron microscope were employed for observing morphological changes of the treated cells.

[Purification of a new phospholipase A2 homologue from Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and its effects on gene expression of Hep3B cells].

A new PLA2 homologue was purified from Agkistrodon blomhoffii Siniticus by applying reverse phase (HPLC) C18 column. The molecular weight of PLA2 homologue is 13900Da and its purity is 97.2%.

[Purification of a new phospholipase A2 homologue from Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and its effects on gene expression profile of Hep3B cells].

Objective: To isolate and purify a new phospholipase A2 (PLA2) homologue from Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and investigate its effects on the gene expression profile of Hep3B cells.

Methods: The PLA2 homologue was isolated and purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and its purity was determined also by HPLC. The relative molecular mass of the homologue was measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrum.

[Mechanism of opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore induced by arsenic trioxide].

Background & Objective: Permeability transition pore (PTP) is central for apoptosis by acting as a good candidate pathway for the release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-induction factors from mitochondria. Arsenite may induce apoptosis via a direct effect on PTP. To characterize the exact mechanism for arsenite to induce PTP opening, the correlations of calcium-induced calcium release from mitochondria (mCICR) to As2O3-induced PTP opening and cytochrome c release from mitochondria were studied.

[Determination of eight elements in Dongjiang river sand by flame atomic absorption spectrometry].

Eight kinds of microelements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Na, Co, Mg and K) in Dongjiang river sand were detected and analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS). The method is simple and rapid with good precision and accuracy, and eliminates the interference effectively. The regression equation and the correlation coefficient were calculated.

[Preparation of a composite membrane with collagen scaffold material for tissue culture].

Objective: To prepare a composite membrane with collagen scaffold material for tissue culture.

Methods: Pure collagen membrane, collagen/hyaluronic acid (HA) membrane, collagen/chitosan membrane and collagen/chitosan/ HA membrane (abbreviated as composite collagen membrane) were prepared respectively, and their respective biodegradation time and the number of the cells proliferated on them were examined in vitro.

Result: The biodegradation time of pure collagen, collagen/HA and composite collagen membranes in vitro was 1 380, 1 376 and 1 560 min respectively, and the number of cells proliferated on the collagen/HA membrane and the composite collagen membrane were greater than that on the pure collagen membrane.

[Determination of the total alkaloid content of Rhizoma coptidis in Gegenqinlian prescription].

Objective: To determine the total content of alkaloids from Rhizoma coptidis in the traditional Chinese medicine prescription Gegenqinlian.

Methods: The extract of Gegenqinlian decoction and powder of the minipills were respectively purified with alumina column chromatography, and the total alkaloid content of Rhizoma coptidis in these preparations was determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 350 nm.

Results: The total alkaloid content was 32.

[High-performance capillary electrophoresis for determination of urinary citrate and oxalate].

Objective: To develop a method for determining urinary citrate and oxalate using high-performance capillary electrophoresis.

Methods: Capillary electrophoresis with indirect ultraviolet (UV) detection was performed for determining urinary citrate and oxalate. Sodium hromate was used as the UV-absorbing background electrolyte.

High-performance capillary electrophoresis for determining the contents of berberine, jatrorrhizine and palmatine in Gegenqinlian decoction.

Objective: To develop a method for alkaloid isolation from the extract of Gegenqinlian decoction (a traditional Chinese herbal preparation) and content determination.

Method: After the preparation of the Gegenqinlian decoction extract and the micropellets, the quaternary alkaloids of Coptis chinensis were isolated by high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) in a buffer solution containing 60% sodium phosphate (60 mmol/L, pH 8.0) and 40% methanol.

High-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrum analysis for identifying the antifatigue components in Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.

The roots of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harm were obtained for the acquisition of the crude extractives to isolate the 19 components by means of preliminary extraction and isolation.

Preparation of polylactic acid/chitin composite material and its safety evaluation by animal experiments.

Objective: To prepare a scaffold material with good biocompatibility and biodegradability by compounding polylactic acid (PLA) and chitin.

Methods: After preparation of PLA from lactic acid, the compounding of PLA and chitin was carried out by dissolving these 2 materials in one solution for reaction. The composite material was obtained and molded after the solvent was evaporized, and the safety tests of this resultant material were conducted in guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits, respectively.

Preparation and biocompatibility of tissue-engineered scaffold materials based on collagen.

Objective: To prepare a tissue-engineered scaffold material using collagen as the matrices and to study the blood compatibility and tissue biocompatibility of this material.

Methods: Physical, chemical and physical/chemical methods were used for the crosslinking of the collagen.

Results: Dynamic blood clotting tests indicated that the blood clotting index (BCI) of the crosslinked collagen materials prepared by different means decreased as their contact with the blood was prolonged, and the collagen material obtained after crosslink through 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide method showed the highest BCI after contact with the blood within certain length of time.