Real-Time Reporting of Complications in Hospitalized Surgical Patients by Surgical Team Members Using a Smartphone Application.

Background: The surgical morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference is a vital part of a resident's surgical education, but methods to collect and store M&M data are often rudimentary and unreliable. The authors propose a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant, electronic health record (EHR)-connected application and database to report and store complication data.

Methods: The app is linked to the patient's EHR, and as a result, basic data on each surgical case-including diagnosis, surgery type, and surgeon-are automatically uploaded to the app.

Caregiver Burden and Its Relationship to Health-Related Quality of Life in Craniopharyngioma Survivors.

Context: Craniopharyngioma (CP) is a rare brain tumor associated with severe comorbidities that reduce survivor health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, CP impact on caregivers is unknown.

Objective: To measure caregiver burden and examine its relationship to survivor HRQOL and other determinants in CP.

The Impact of Improved Treatments on Survival of Adult U.S. Leukemia Patients: 1990-2018.

Introduction: Molecularly targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are effective treatments for B-cell receptor (BCR)-ABL-bearing leukemias. We evaluated the impact of TKIs on historical chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) mortality trends compared with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL).

Methods: Because mortality trends reflect combined effects of leukemia incidence and survival, we also evaluated the contribution of incidence and survival trends to mortality trends by subtypes.

Pretreatment Health-Related Quality-of-Life Status and Survival in Pancreatobiliary Surgical Patients.

Background: Pancreatobiliary (PB) disorders, especially cancer, negatively affect patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the influence of baseline, preintervention HRQoL on perioperative and oncologic outcomes has not been well defined. We hypothesized that low baseline HRQoL is associated with worse perioperative and long-term survival outcomes for PB surgical patients.

Progressive reduction in circulating levels of carotenoids and other micronutrients in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Background: Although micronutrients modulate immunity and inflammation, it remains elusive whether they are implicated in the development and progression of chronic pancreatitis (CP). This study aimed to investigate differences in the circulating levels of selected carotenoids and vitamins between CP and controls and trends in the levels of these micronutrients across controls, early CP, and definite CP.

Methods: Demographic and lifestyle data were extracted from medical records for 53 patients with CP (13 early and 38 definite) and obtained using a questionnaire for 52 controls.

Telementoring initiative for newborn care providers in Kenya, Pakistan and Tanzania.

Objectives: To support governments' efforts at neonatal mortality reduction, UNICEF and the American Academy of Pediatrics launched a telementoring project in Kenya, Pakistan and Tanzania.

Methods: In Fall 2019, an individualised 12-session telementoring curriculum was created for East Africa and Pakistan after site visits that included care assessment, patient data review and discussion with faculty and staff. After the programme, participants, administrators and UNICEF staff were surveyed and participated in focus group discussions.

Dietary and supplemental long-chain omega-3 fatty acids as moderators of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: There is an ever-growing body of literature examining the relationship between dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) and cerebral structure and function throughout life. In light of this, the use of ω3 PUFAs, namely, long-chain (LC) ω3 PUFAs (i.e.

Cyclophilin D binds to the acidic C-terminus region of α-Synuclein and affects its aggregation characteristics.

Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase expressed in the nucleus and transported into the mitochondria where it is best associated with the regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). There are, however, other possible roles of CypD in the mitochondria which may or may not be linked with the MPTP. Alpha synuclein (αSyn) is shown here to interact directly with CypD via its acidic proline-rich C-terminus region and binding at the putative ligand binding pocket of CypD.

Taking the Pulse on Pediatric Simulation: A National Survey of Pediatric Residency Programs' Simulation Practices and Challenges.

Objectives: There is abundant literature on simulation use in individual pediatric residency programs but limited overall data on simulation in US pediatric residency programs. This study sought to determine how US pediatric residency programs use simulation for teaching and assessment and the challenges programs face in their use of simulation.

Methods: The Association of Pediatric Program Director's Healthcare Simulation in Pediatrics Learning Community members developed a 15-multipart question survey on the use of simulation in US pediatric residency programs using best practices in survey design.

A KLVFFAE-Derived Peptide Probe for Detection of Alpha-Synuclein Fibrils.

Aggregation of an amyloid protein, α-synuclein (αS), is a critical step in the neurodegenerative pathway of Parkinson's diseases (PD). Specific detection of amyloid conformers (i.e.

Amyloid Aggregation of Bacillus circulans Xylanase under Native Conditions and its Modulation by β-Amyloid-Derived Peptide Fragments.

The aggregation of intrinsically disordered proteins into fibrils is implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. Amyloid aggregation is a generic property of proteins as evidenced by globular proteins that often form amyloid aggregates under partially denaturing conditions. Recently, multiple lines of evidence have suggested that the amyloid aggregation of globular proteins can also occur under native conditions.

Structure of the Epigenetic Oncogene MMSET and Inhibition by N-Alkyl Sinefungin Derivatives.

The members of the NSD subfamily of lysine methyl transferases are compelling oncology targets due to the recent characterization of gain-of-function mutations and translocations in several hematological cancers. To date, these proteins have proven intractable to small molecule inhibition. Here, we present initial efforts to identify inhibitors of MMSET (aka NSD2 or WHSC1) using solution phase and crystal structural methods.

Naturally Occurring Mutations in the MPS1 Gene Predispose Cells to Kinase Inhibitor Drug Resistance.

Acquired resistance to therapy is perhaps the greatest challenge to effective clinical management of cancer. With several inhibitors of the mitotic checkpoint kinase MPS1 in preclinical development, we sought to investigate how resistance against these inhibitors may arise so that mitigation or bypass strategies could be addressed as early as possible. Toward this end, we modeled acquired resistance to the MPS1 inhibitors AZ3146, NMS-P715, and CCT251455, identifying five point mutations in the kinase domain of MPS1 that confer resistance against multiple inhibitors.

Structure-based design of orally bioavailable 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine inhibitors of mitotic kinase monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1).

The protein kinase MPS1 is a crucial component of the spindle assembly checkpoint signal and is aberrantly overexpressed in many human cancers. MPS1 is one of the top 25 genes overexpressed in tumors with chromosomal instability and aneuploidy. PTEN-deficient breast tumor cells are particularly dependent upon MPS1 for their survival, making it a target of significant interest in oncology.

Neonatal resuscitation skills among pediatricians and family physicians: is residency training preparing for postresidency practice?

Background: Pediatricians and family physicians are responsible for providing newborn resuscitation, yet Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requirements for training in this area during residency differ markedly for the two specialties. Our objectives were to determine (1) the extent to which neonatal resuscitation training differs for pediatric and family medicine residents; (2) the extent to which general pediatricians and family physicians engage in newborn resuscitation in their practice; and (3) whether use of resuscitation skills differs between urban/suburban and rural providers.

Methods: We surveyed a national cohort of pediatricians and family physicians who obtained board certification between 2001 and 2005.

Transcatheter elimination of left-to-right shunts in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia is feasible and safe.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that transcatheter elimination of left-to-right (L-R) cardiac shunts in former premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is feasible, safe, and is associated with an improvement in respiratory status.

Design: Retrospective case review.

Patients: Twelve patients with BPD who underwent an attempt at transcatheter closure of an L-R shunt lesion within the first year of life at a single center.

Use of a novel induced spawning technique for the first reported captive spawning of Tetraodon nigroviridis.

The spotted green pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) is an important genetics model animal due to its small, well-mapped genome. However, only wild-caught juveniles and adults are available to researchers. A lack of gametes, fertilized eggs, developing embryos, and other early life stages hampers development of the full potential of T.

Atrial septal interventions in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Objectives: To report an institutional experience performing percutaneous atrial septal interventions in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS).

Background: The success of the Hybrid approach in palliating patients with HLHS is crucially dependant on relieving any significant interatrial restriction. Data on transcatheter interventions to relieve atrial septal restrictions in patients with HLHS are limited.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a consumer-provided mental health recovery education presentation.

The current study investigated the effectiveness of the In Our Own Voice (IOOV) mental health education program in improving knowledge and attitudes about mental illnesses. Undergraduate participants (N = 114) completed three pre-test measures of knowledge and attitudes, attended either an In Our Own Voice presentation or a control presentation about psychology careers, and repeated the three measures following the presentation. Results indicated that the IOOV group showed significant positive change across time, as well as significantly greater improvement than a control group in their knowledge and attitude scores on all measures.