Outcomes at least 90 days since onset of myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adults in the USA: a follow-up surveillance study.

Background: Data on medium-term outcomes in indivduals with myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination are scarce. We aimed to assess clinical outcomes and quality of life at least 90 days since onset of myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adults.

Methods: In this follow-up surveillance study, we conducted surveys in US individuals aged 12-29 years with myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, for whom a report had been filed to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System between Jan 12 and Nov 5, 2021.

Monkeypox Outbreak - Nine States, May 2022.

On May 17, 2022, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) Laboratory Response Network (LRN) laboratory confirmed the presence of orthopoxvirus DNA via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from lesion swabs obtained from a Massachusetts resident. Orthopoxviruses include Monkeypox virus, the causative agent of monkeypox. Subsequent real-time PCR testing at CDC on May 18 confirmed that the patient was infected with the West African clade of Monkeypox virus.

Improving the Use of Personal Protective Equipment: Applying Lessons Learned.

Unrecognized transmission of pathogens in healthcare settings can lead to colonization and infection of both patients and healthcare personnel. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is an important strategy to protect healthcare personnel from contamination and to prevent the spread of pathogens to subsequent patients. However, optimal PPE use is difficult, and healthcare personnel may alter delivery of care because of the PPE.

Modeled state-level estimates of hypertension prevalence and undiagnosed hypertension among US adults during 2013-2015.

Hypertension affects about one in three US adults, from recent surveillance, or four in nine based on the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Guideline; about half of them have their blood pressure controlled, and nearly one in six are unaware of their hypertension status. National estimates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in the United States are traditionally based on measured BP from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); however, at the state level, only self-reported hypertension awareness and treatment are available from BRFSS. We used national- and state-level representative samples of adults (≥20 years) from NHANES 2011-2014 and BRFSS 2013 and 2015, respectively.

Gender- and race-specific metabolic score and cardiovascular disease mortality in adults: A structural equation modeling approach--United States, 1988-2006.

Objective: Consider all metabolic syndrome (MetS) components [systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and fasting glucose] and gender/race differential risk when assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Methods: We estimated a gender- and race-specific continuous MetS score using structural equation modeling and tested its association with CVD mortality using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III linked with the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard regression tested the association adjusted for sociodemographic and behavior characteristics.

Decomposing Black-White Disparities in Heart Disease Mortality in the United States, 1973-2010: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Against the backdrop of late 20th century declines in heart disease mortality in the United States, race-specific rates diverged because of slower declines among blacks compared with whites. To characterize the temporal dynamics of emerging black-white racial disparities in heart disease mortality, we decomposed race-sex-specific trends in an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of US mortality data for all diseases of the heart among adults aged ≥35 years from 1973 to 2010. The black-white gap was largest among adults aged 35-59 years (rate ratios ranged from 1.

Difference between 24-h diet recall and urine excretion for assessing population sodium and potassium intake in adults aged 18-39 y.

Background: Limited data are available on the accuracy of 24-h dietary recalls used to monitor US sodium and potassium intakes.

Objective: We examined the difference in usual sodium and potassium intakes estimated from 24-h dietary recalls and urine collections.

Design: We used data from a cross-sectional study in 402 participants aged 18-39 y (∼50% African American) in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area in 2011.

Trends and disparities in stroke mortality by region for American Indians and Alaska Natives.

Objectives: We evaluated trends and disparities in stroke death rates for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and White people by Indian Health Service region.

Methods: We identified stroke deaths among AI/AN persons and Whites (adults aged 35 years or older) using National Vital Statistics System data for 1990 to 2009. We used linkages with Indian Health Service patient registration data to adjust for misclassification of race for AI/AN persons.

Preventable hospitalizations and emergency department visits for angina, United States, 1995-2010.

Introduction: Preventable hospitalizations for angina have been decreasing since the late 1980s - most likely because of changes in guidance, physician coding practices, and reimbursement. We asked whether this national decline has continued and whether preventable emergency department visits for angina show a similar decline.

Methods: We used National Hospital Discharge Survey data from 1995 through 2010 and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data from 1995 through 2009 to study preventable hospitalizations and emergency department visits, respectively.

An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.

Despite the global impact and advances in understanding the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases, the term "stroke" is not consistently defined in clinical practice, in clinical research, or in assessments of the public health. The classic definition is mainly clinical and does not account for advances in science and technology. The Stroke Council of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association convened a writing group to develop an expert consensus document for an updated definition of stroke for the 21st century.

Preconception care: the perfect opportunity for health care providers to advise lifestyle changes for hypertensive women.

Purpose: To provide estimates for prevalence of health care provider advice offered to reproductive-aged women and to assess their association with behavior change.

Design: Cross-sectional study using the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Setting.

EMS medical direction and prehospital practices for acute cardiovascular events.

Objective: The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether there is an association between type of emergency medical services (EMS) medical direction and local EMS agency practices and characteristics specifically related to emergency response for acute cardiovascular events.

Methods: We surveyed 1,292 EMS agencies in nine states. For each cardiovascular prehospital procedure or practice, we compared the proportion of agencies that employed paid (full- or part-time) medical directors with the proportion of agencies that employed volunteer medical directors.

Prevalence, management, and control of hypertension among US workers: does occupation matter?

Objective: The role of occupation in the management of cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension is not well known.

Methods: We analyzed the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data of 6928 workers aged 20 years or older from 40 occupational groups. Hypertension was defined as measured blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication, treatment as use of antihypertensive medication, awareness as ever being told by a doctor about having hypertension, and control as having blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg among treated participants.

Preventable hospitalizations for congestive heart failure: establishing a baseline to monitor trends and disparities.

Introduction: Preventable hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF) is believed to capture the failure of the outpatient health care system to properly manage and treat CHF. In anticipation of changes in the national health care system, we report baseline rates of these hospitalizations and describe trends by race over 15 years.

Methods: We used National Hospital Discharge Survey data from 1995 through 2009, which represent approximately 1% of hospitalizations in the United States each year.

A summary of public access defibrillation laws, United States, 2010.

Introduction: On average, less than 8% of people who experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survive. However, death from sudden cardiac arrest is preventable if a bystander quickly retrieves and applies an automated external defibrillator (AED). Public access defibrillation (PAD) policies have been enacted to create programs that increase the public availability of these devices.

Blood pressure and cholesterol screening prevalence among U.S. women of reproductive age opportunities to improve screening.

Background: Blood pressure and cholesterol screening among women of reproductive age are important for early disease detection and intervention, and because hypertension and dyslipidemia are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine associations of sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and healthcare access indicators with blood pressure and cholesterol screening among women of reproductive age.

Methods: In 2011, prevalence estimates for self-reported blood pressure screening within 2 years and cholesterol screening within 5 years and AORs for screenings were calculated for 4837 women aged 20-44 years, using weighted 2008 National Health Interview Survey data.

Factors associated with emergency medical services scope of practice for acute cardiovascular events.

Objectives: To examine prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) scope of practice for acute cardiovascular events and characteristics that may affect scope of practice; and to describe variations in EMS scope of practice for these events and the characteristics associated with that variability.

Methods: In 2008, we conducted a telephone survey of 1,939 eligible EMS providers in nine states to measure EMS agency characteristics, medical director involvement, and 18 interventions authorized for prehospital care of acute cardiovascular events by three levels of emergency medical technician (EMT) personnel.

Results: A total of 1,292 providers responded to the survey, for a response rate of 67%.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest surveillance --- Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES), United States, October 1, 2005--December 31, 2010.

Problem/condition: Each year, approximately 300,000 persons in the United States experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); approximately 92% of persons who experience an OHCA event die. An OHCA is defined as cessation of cardiac mechanical activity that occurs outside of the hospital setting and is confirmed by the absence of signs of circulation. Whereas an OHCA can occur from noncardiac causes (i.

Cardiac arrest patients in the emergency department-National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2001-2007.

Aim Of The Study: Few studies have focused on the full complement of cardiac arrest cases seen in hospital emergency departments (ED). The aims of our study were to describe cardiac arrest visits in the ED by using a nationally representative sample of U.S.

Racial-ethnic disparities in stroke care: the American experience: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.

Purpose: Our goal is to describe the effect of race and ethnicity on stroke epidemiology, personal beliefs, access to care, response to treatment, and participation in clinical research. In addition, we seek to determine the state of knowledge on the main factors that may explain disparities in stroke care, with the goal of identifying gaps in knowledge to guide future research. The intended audience includes physicians, nurses, other healthcare professionals, and policy makers.

Gestational hypertension: a neglected cardiovascular disease risk marker.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine hypertension and cholesterol screening, knowledge of heart attack symptoms, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among women with a history of gestational hypertension.

Study Design: We used weighted 2008 National Health Interview Survey data to examine health indicators and modifiable CVD risk factors and to estimate prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for recommended CVD screening and knowledge of heart attack symptoms by hypertension history among 11,970 adult women.

Results: Among women with gestational hypertension only (n = 301), 93% received the recommended screening for hypertension; 75% received screening for dyslipidemia, and 40% correctly identified 5 of 5 heart attack symptoms.

Actions taken to reduce sodium intake among adults with self-reported hypertension: HealthStyles survey, 2005 and 2008.

Consuming high amounts of dietary sodium is associated with hypertension. The authors analyzed the HealthStyles 2005 and 2008 survey for behaviors to lower blood pressure related to dietary sodium, including the reduction of sodium intake and reading food labels for sodium content among hypertensives. All estimates were based on self-reported data.

Prevalence of self-reported hypertension, advice received from health care professionals, and actions taken to reduce blood pressure among US adults--HealthStyles, 2008.

Lifestyle changes, such as changes in diet and exercise, are recommended to lower blood pressure (BP) in adults. Using data from the 2008 HealthStyles survey, the authors estimated the prevalence of self-reported hypertension, advice received from health professionals, and actions taken to reduce BP. Among 5399 respondents, 25.

Fruits and vegetables intake and physical activity among hypertensive adults in the United States: behavioral risk factor surveillance system, 2003 and 2007.

Background: Consuming enough fruits and vegetables and engaging in regular physical activity are believed to be two important components of several lifestyle modifications for people with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to measure the degree to which US adults with hypertension achieved recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables and engaged in recommended levels of physical activity in 2003 and 2007.

Methods: Using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data conducted in 2003 (N = 264,178) and 2007 (N = 430,082), we determined the changes in the prevalence of eating > or =5 servings of fruits and vegetables and of obtaining Healthy People 2010 recommended level of physical activity among adults with hypertension during the period.