A motivational peer support program for type 2 diabetes prevention delivered by people with type 2 diabetes: the UEA-IFG feasibility study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a peer support program for individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes as part of a novel Diabetes Prevention Programme (The UEA-IFG Study). Lay members of the public with existing type 2 diabetes volunteered as peer supporters (termed type 2 trainers) for participants at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The feasibility of type 2 trainer recruitment, training, and retention was tested.

Cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in preventing Type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: Previous research has suggested people with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are less likely to develop Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) if they receive prolonged structured diet and exercise advice. This study examined the within-trial cost-effectiveness of such lifestyle interventions.

Methods: Screen-detected participants with either newly diagnosed T2DM or IFG were randomized 2:1 to intervention versus control (usual care) between February and December 2009, in Norfolk (UK).

Broccoli consumption interacts with GSTM1 to perturb oncogenic signalling pathways in the prostate.

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that people who consume more than one portion of cruciferous vegetables per week are at lower risk of both the incidence of prostate cancer and of developing aggressive prostate cancer but there is little understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we quantify and interpret changes in global gene expression patterns in the human prostate gland before, during and after a 12 month broccoli-rich diet.

Methods And Findings: Volunteers were randomly assigned to either a broccoli-rich or a pea-rich diet.

Quantitative measurement of sulforaphane, iberin and their mercapturic acid pathway metabolites in human plasma and urine using liquid chromatography-tandem electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.

A quantitative liquid chromatography positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of sulforaphane, iberin and their metabolites in human urine and plasma is described. The stability of the metabolites was determined in aqueous solution and in human plasma. Gradient liquid chromatographic separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-Aq 3.

Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism and metabolism of sulforaphane from standard and high-glucosinolate broccoli.

Background: Broccoli consumption is associated with a reduction in the risk of cancer, particularly in persons with a functional glutathione S-transferase M1 allele, as opposed rotrose whose GSTM1 gene has been deleted. Sulforaphane, the major isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate, is thought to be the main agent conferring protection.

Objective: We compared sulforaphane metabolism in GSTM1-null and GSTM1-positive subjects after they consumed standard broccoli and high-glucosinolate broccoli (super broccoli).

Transcriptome analysis of human colon Caco-2 cells exposed to sulforaphane.

Sulforaphane (SF), a dietary phytochemical obtained from broccoli, has been implicated in several physiological processes consistent with anticarcinogenic activity, including enhanced xenobiotic metabolism, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In this study, we report changes in global gene expression in Caco-2 cells exposed to physiologically appropriate concentrations of SF, through the use of replicated Affymetrix array and RT-PCR experiments. After exposure to 50 micromol/L SF, 106 genes exhibited a >2-fold increase in expression and 63 genes exhibited a >2-fold decrease in expression.