Pantoea agglomerans is one of four Pantoea species reported in the USA to cause bacterial rot of onion bulbs. However, not all P. agglomerans strains are pathogenic to onion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite mandates requiring hospitals to offer advance directives to all patients, many adults do not have advance directives in place at the end of life. This quality improvement project aimed to implement an evidence-based, standardized protocol to increase advance directive completion rates for hospitalized patients with serious illnesses. A preimplementation and postimplementation design was used to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention and advance directive completion protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChallenges in drug development for rare diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension can be addressed through the use of mathematical modeling. In this study, a quantitative systems pharmacology model of pulmonary arterial hypertension pathophysiology and pharmacology was used to predict changes in pulmonary vascular resistance and six-minute walk distance in the context of oral treprostinil clinical studies. We generated a virtual population that spanned the range of clinical observations and then calibrated virtual patient-specific weights to match clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene expression quantitative trait loci are widely used to infer relationships between genes and central nervous system (CNS) phenotypes; however, the effect of brain disease on these inferences is unclear. Using 2,348,438 single-nuclei profiles from 391 disease-case and control brains, we report 13,939 genes whose expression correlated with genetic variation, of which 16.7-40.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimer's disease (AD) has complex pathophysiology involving numerous cell types and brain processes. Astrocyte involvement in AD is gaining increased attention, however a complete characterisation of astrocytic changes in the AD human brain is warranted. Astrocytes perform important homeostatic functions including regulation of the extracellular microenvironment, critical for the health of all brain cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Emerging evidence suggests that low socioeconomic status (SES) home environments may play a role by promoting excess energy intake through a lack of access to non-food reinforcers. Because of the deleterious effects of SES-related disparities on child health and development, feasible and culturally acceptable interventions are urgently needed. Community-based music enrichment programs may be an ideal intervention strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic alterations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes are present in a small number of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and may represent an emerging subgroup of patients likely to benefit from FGFR targeted therapies. Here we present four FGFR2 fusion-positive metastatic PDAC patients who exhibited durable responses or disease control to FGFR kinase inhibitors. Utilizing our custom FGFR focused cell-free DNA assay, FGFR-Dx, we serially monitored variant allele fractions of FGFR2 fusions during FGFR inhibitor treatment and observed dynamic changes correlating with clinical responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommercial liquid biopsy assays are routinely used by oncologists to monitor disease response and resistance to therapy. Additionally, in cases where tumor tissue is not available, clinicians may rely on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing as a surrogate for comprehensive tumor testing. While some gene rearrangements are well detected, current commercial liquid biopsy assays exhibit low sensitivity for fibroblast growth factor receptor ( ) rearrangements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite initiatives to increase palliative care awareness, referrals in primary care settings are still primarily based on provider judgment, causing a lack of appropriate referrals and disparities in access to palliative care resources. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop and implement an evidence-based, standardized palliative care referral protocol to increase the palliative care referral rate for eligible patients at a primary care clinic. The project used a preimplementation and postimplementation design with the use of the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework to successfully implement and evaluate the standardized referral process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and deadly. Naltrexone is a treatment for AUD. Previous research examined factors that predict Ohio Advanced Practice Registered Nurses' (APRNs) utilization of naltrexone to treat AUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spaced retrieval is a learning technique that involves engaging in repeated memory testing after increasingly lengthy intervals of time. Spaced retrieval has been shown to improve long-term memory in Alzheimer disease (AD), but it has historically been difficult to implement in the everyday lives of individuals with AD.
Objective: This research aims to determine, in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD, the efficacy and feasibility of a mobile app that combines spaced retrieval with a machine learning algorithm to enhance memory retention.
A persistent type 2 endotype signature exists in recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps mucosa on dupilumab. Revision sinus surgery immediately prior to dupilumab reduces long-term interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 tissue mRNA. Pre-dupilumab revision surgery is associated with reduced tissue eosinophils and GATA-3+ cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has had disruptive effects on all parts of the health-care system, including the continuing education (CE) landscape. This report documents, what has happened in six different CE accreditation systems to CE activities as well as learners. Complete lockdown periods in the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic have inevitably led to reductions in numbers of the then predominant format of education, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Pain and disability after meniscectomy can be a substantial lifelong problem. There are few treatment options, especially for young people. Non-surgical management (rehabilitation) is an option but increasingly surgeons are performing meniscal allograft transplants (MATs) for these individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging is associated with cell senescence and is the major risk factor for AD. We characterized premature cell senescence in postmortem brains from non-diseased controls (NDC) and donors with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and single nuclear RNA (snRNA) sequencing (> 200,000 nuclei). We found increases in numbers of glia immunostaining for galactosidase beta (> fourfold) and p16 (up to twofold) with AD relative to NDC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to explore dental hygiene students' and recent graduates' awareness, attitudes, perceived barriers, motivators, and intentions to pursue a career in academia as a dental hygiene educator.
Methods: Cross-sectional survey research was conducted with a non-probability sample of dental hygiene students and recent graduates (n = 451). The survey included sections for familiarity regarding academic careers for dental hygienists, attitudes toward academic careers, barriers and motivating factors for this career path, and future academic career intentions.
SARS-CoV-2 infection of the upper airway and the subsequent immune response are early, critical factors in COVID-19 pathogenesis. By studying infection of human biopsies in vitro and in a hamster model in vivo, we demonstrated a transition in nasal tropism from olfactory to respiratory epithelium as the virus evolved. Analyzing each variant revealed that SARS-CoV-2 WA1 or Delta infect a proportion of olfactory neurons in addition to the primary target sustentacular cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is an unmet need for HIV prevention among Black cisgender women. From January to November 2020, we conducted formative research to develop locally informed implementation strategies to enhance pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among Black cisgender women in New Orleans, Louisiana. Following an iterative process, we conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs) with Black women who were not taking PrEP and used those findings to inform IDIs with Black women taking PrEP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cellular senescence can have positive and negative effects on the body, including aiding in damage repair and facilitating tumor growth. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), the most common pediatric sellar/suprasellar brain tumor, poses significant treatment challenges. Recent studies suggest that senescent cells in ACP tumors may contribute to tumor growth and invasion by releasing a senesecence-associated secretory phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmell deficits and neurobiological changes in the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory epithelium (OE) have been observed in schizophrenia and related disorders. The OE is the most peripheral olfactory system located outside the cranium, and is connected with the brain via direct neuronal projections to the OB. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether and how a disturbance of the OE affects the OB in schizophrenia and related disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatric brain and spinal cancers remain the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Advancements in clinical decision-support in pediatric neuro-oncology utilizing the wealth of radiology imaging data collected through standard care, however, has significantly lagged other domains. Such data is ripe for use with predictive analytics such as artificial intelligence (AI) methods, which require large datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground In the United States, homelessness is an issue that may affect a significant portion of the adolescent population. There is no consensus on the extent to which this population has been impacted by poor mental health and lack of resources. This study aimed to characterize trends among those who struggle with housing insecurity and mental illness to provide a clearer picture of mental health needs among this population.
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