Opportunities for preventing subsequent injuries: a qualitative study exploring perspectives of people who have experienced injuries.

Aim: This study aims to examine opportunities for subsequent injury prevention from the perspectives of people who have recently experienced subsequent injury events.

Methods: This qualitative study involved individual semi-structured interviews with people who had >2 injury events in the previous 12 months. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis undertaken.

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe.

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra-West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations.

Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia.

We present the first ancient DNA data from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Mesopotamia (Southeastern Turkey and Northern Iraq), Cyprus, and the Northwestern Zagros, along with the first data from Neolithic Armenia. We show that these and neighboring populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to Anatolian, Caucasus, and Levantine hunter-gatherers, forming a Neolithic continuum of ancestry mirroring the geography of West Asia. By analyzing Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic populations of Anatolia, we show that the former were derived from admixture between Mesopotamian-related and local Epipaleolithic-related sources, but the latter experienced additional Levantine-related gene flow, thus documenting at least two pulses of migration from the Fertile Crescent heartland to the early farmers of Anatolia.

A genetic probe into the ancient and medieval history of Southern Europe and West Asia.

Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom's northern provinces.

Factors associated with self-reported health among New Zealand military veterans: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To identify factors associated with better or poorer self-reported health status in New Zealand military Veterans.

Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Participants: The participants of interest were the 3874 currently serving Veterans who had been deployed to a conflict zone, but all Veterans were eligible to participate.

Kv3.3 subunits control presynaptic action potential waveform and neurotransmitter release at a central excitatory synapse.

Kv3 potassium currents mediate rapid repolarisation of action potentials (APs), supporting fast spikes and high repetition rates. Of the four Kv3 gene family members, Kv3.1 and Kv3.

The Girls' Leadership Academy: A Promising, Empowerment-Based Approach to the Prevention of Sexual Violence.

Sexual violence (SV) is a pernicious issue that disproportionally impacts girls and women. Although few initiatives have demonstrated effectiveness in leading to reductions in SV, global health organizations have identified empowerment-based programs as a promising approach to SV prevention. The purpose of this article is to discuss the Girls Leadership Academy (GLA), a program of the Nebraska's Women's Center for Advancement, which is a "homegrown," theoretically grounded, practice-based SV prevention program for adolescent girls.

Preventing subsequent injury: Healthcare providers' perspectives on untapped potential.

Introduction: Many individuals who experience an injury go on to have subsequent injuries. This study examined the views of health professionals about potential opportunities to prevent subsequent injuries.

Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews were held with a range of health professionals involved in treating injuries.

Prevalence and predictors of psychological distress following injury: findings from a prospective cohort study.

Background: Research examining psychological distress in people who have experienced an injury has focused on those with serious injuries or specific injury types, and has not involved long-term follow up. The aims of this investigation were to describe the prevalence of, and factors contributing to, psychological distress in a cohort of people with a broad range of injuries.

Methods: The Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study (POIS) is a longitudinal cohort study of 2856 injured New Zealanders recruited from a national insurance entitlement claims register between 2007 and 2009.

Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study 10 Years on (POIS-10): An Observational Cohort Study.

Injury is a leading cause of disability and is costly. This prospective cohort study extension aims to improve disability, health, and wellbeing outcomes for injured New Zealanders, including for Māori. We will identify predictors and modifiable risk factors of long-term outcomes (positive and negative), and develop an Injury Early Care Tool (INJECT) to inform the implementation of effective interventions to improve outcomes.

Preanalytical variables affecting the measurement of serum paraoxonase-1 activity in horses.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity is a new inflammatory and oxidative marker. Technical effects and biological factors could affect the accuracy of PON-1 activity measurement. We investigated the effects of storage at different temperatures, repeated freeze-thaw cycles, interferences from hemolytic, lipemic, and icteric samples, and seasonal effects on PON-1 activity in horses.

Effect of virtual reality simulation training on real-life cataract surgery complications: systematic literature review.

Virtual reality simulation (VRS) has become progressively popular as a training tool in ophthalmology. However, debate continues as to whether VRS has resulted in better outcomes for patients after cataract surgery. Accordingly, a qualitative systematic literature review was conducted to identify whether VRS training results in a reduced complication rate after real-life cataract surgery.

A systems approach delivers a functional microRNA catalog and expanded targets for seizure suppression in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common drug-resistant form of epilepsy in adults. The reorganization of neural networks and the gene expression landscape underlying pathophysiologic network behavior in brain structures such as the hippocampus has been suggested to be controlled, in part, by microRNAs. To systematically assess their significance, we sequenced Argonaute-loaded microRNAs to define functionally engaged microRNAs in the hippocampus of three different animal models in two species and at six time points between the initial precipitating insult through to the establishment of chronic epilepsy.

A systematic scoping review of interventions to integrate physical and mental healthcare for people with serious mental illness and substance use disorders.

Integrated care approaches have been recommended to remove barriers to healthcare and improve the physical health outcomes of people living with serious mental illness (SMI) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs). The aim of this systematic scoping review was to describe empirical investigations of interventions designed to integrate physical, mental, and addiction healthcare for this population. An iterative and systematic search of five electronic databases (Medline (Ovid), PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase (Ovid) and Scopus) was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and April 2019.

A systematic review of studies measuring health-related quality of life of general injury populations: update 2010-2018.

Background: Studies examining the impact of injury on health-related quality of life (HRQL) over time are necessary to understand the short- and long-term consequences of injury for population health. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an evidence update on studies that have measured HRQL over time in general injury populations using a generic (general) health state measure.

Methods: Studies conducted between 2010 and 2018 that assessed HRQL at more than one time point among general injury populations were eligible for inclusion.

Risk and protective factors for post-traumatic stress among New Zealand military personnel: A cross sectional study.

Background: Post-traumatic stress (PTS) is prevalent among military personnel. Knowledge of the risk and protective factors associated with PTS in this population may assist with identifying personnel who would benefit from increased or targeted support.

Aims: To examine factors associated with PTS among New Zealand military personnel.

Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 subunits differentially contribute to Kv3 channels and action potential repolarization in principal neurons of the auditory brainstem.

Key Points: Kv3.1 and Kv3.3 subunits are highly expressed in the auditory brainstem, with little or no mRNA for Kv3.

Child/youth, family and public engagement in paediatric services in high-income countries: A systematic scoping review.

Background: Patient and public engagement in paediatric health-care decision making is under-researched, and there is a lack of systematically reviewed literature in this area.

Objective: To examine the extent, range and nature of published research investigating the engagement of children/youth, families and the public in paediatric service improvement, to summarize key aspects of the research identified and to identify gaps to help inform future research needs.

Methods: Literature was sought in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL.

Interventions to integrate care for people with serious mental illness and substance use disorders: a systematic scoping review protocol.

Introduction: People with serious mental illness (SMI) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs) have an elevated risk of premature mortality compared with the general population. This has been attributed to higher rates of chronic illness among these individuals, but also to inequities in healthcare access and treatment. Integrated care has the potential to improve the health of people with SMI/SUDs.

Perspectives on preventing musculoskeletal injuries in nurses: A qualitative study.

Aims And Objectives: To explore the perspectives of nursing and physiotherapy academics regarding techniques designed to prevent musculoskeletal pain and injury in nurses.

Background: High rates of musculoskeletal injuries are evident in nurses, yet there is an absence of research identifying effective interventions to address this problem. Exploring the perspectives of individuals with specialist knowledge in the area could help identify barriers to musculoskeletal injury prevention, and innovative strategies to investigate in future studies.