Gender differences in self-reported symptom awareness and perceived ability to manage therapy with disease-modifying medication among commercially insured multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, neurodegenerative inflammatory disease that affects approximately 400,000 Americans, the majority of whom are female. Although MS prevalence is higher among females, males are more likely to have a more progressive clinical course. For both genders, use of disease-modifying medications (DMMs) in the clinical management of MS is pivotal in altering the natural course and diminishing progressive disability over time.

Neurologic presentations of fungal infections.

Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) have a high rate of morbidity and mortality caused by several factors. Most importantly, the last three decades have witnessed a rising prevalence of susceptible hosts from the growing numbers of organ transplants, chemotherapy patients, and intensive care unit hospitalizations. Knowledge of CNS fungal infections including their symptoms and signs, required diagnostic studies, and treatment methods is imperative for all neurologists.

A role for functional classification in the early identification of prognostic factors in ALS.

The aim of this study was to determine if the interval between onset of symptoms to initial electrodiagnostic studies indicates disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Fifty consecutive patients referred to our neurophysiology laboratory with clinical evidence of ALS were divided into two groups by outcome scores on the ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) using 26 as a cut-off. Our results, which showed a median of four months (range 2-24 months) duration to initial electrodiagnostics for Group I (ALSFRS scores below 26) versus 10 months (range 1-24 months) for Group II (p = 0.