Intraoperative Spinal Accessory Nerve Monitoring During Neck Dissection Surgery as a Predictor for Shoulder Dysfunction.

Shoulder dysfunction is one of the most common complications seen in patients who have undergone neck dissection surgery. The prevalence of shoulder dysfunction increases depending on the type and extent of neck dissection surgery. We aim to study the relationship between changes in intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) threshold during SAN stimulation, ultrasonographic measurement of muscle size and shear wave elastography with shoulder dysfunction.

Effectiveness of Direct Transcricothyroid Electromyographic Monitoring in Thyroidectomy Surgery.

Thyroid surgeries are associated with complications of vocal cord palsy and hypocalcemia which can be debilitating. The usage of intraoperative nerve monitoring is a useful adjunct to direct nerve visualization in thyroidectomies. We advocate the usage of direct transcricothyroid electromyographic monitoring in identifying recurrent laryngeal nerve.