Dietary milled flaxseed and flaxseed oil improve N-3 fatty acid status and do not affect glycemic control in individuals with well-controlled type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To determine the effects of dietary consumption of milled flaxseed or flaxseed oil on glycemic control, n-3 fatty acid status, anthropometrics, and adipokines in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Thirty-four participants were randomized into a parallel, controlled trial.

Subjects: The participants were adults with type 2 diabetes (age 52.

Renal metallothionein responds rapidly and site specifically to zinc repletion in growing rats.

Metallothionein (MT) is important for heavy metals and free radical protection in the kidney. MT is responsive to zinc and primarily localized within the renal cortex. However, site-specific renal responses to dietary zinc repletion are understudied.

Intestinal inflammation in rats induces metallothionein in colonic submucosa.

The aim of the current study was to determine if induction of metallothionein (MT) via acute or chronic dietary zinc supplementation attenuates intestinal inflammation, and to investigate the relationship with site-specific intestinal MT determined by immunolocalization. Growing rats were assigned to zinc-deficient (ZD), acute zinc-treated (ZT), pair-fed, control or chronic Zn-supplemented (ZS) groups. Half the rats in each dietary group received 5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in their drinking water for 4 days.

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid decreases adipocyte size and favorably modifies adipokine status and insulin sensitivity in obese, insulin-resistant rats.

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have been shown to alter adiposity in some species with varying effects on insulin resistance. The objective of this 8-week study was to investigate the effects of feeding a CLA mixture (1.5%, wt/wt) on adipocyte size, insulin sensitivity, adipokine status, and adipose lipid composition in fa/fa vs lean Zucker rats.

Conjugated linoleic acid reduces hepatic steatosis, improves liver function, and favorably modifies lipid metabolism in obese insulin-resistant rats.

CLA has been shown to induce or suppress excess liver lipid accumulation in various animal models. Interestingly, the state of insulin resistance may be an important modulator of this effect. The objective of the current study was to determine how feeding a dietary CLA mixture would affect liver lipid accumulation in insulin-resistant/obese and lean rats in relation to liver function, lipidemia, liver TAG and phospholipid FA composition, and expression of hepatic markers of FA transport, oxidation, and synthesis.

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid preserves pancreatic function and reduces inflammatory markers in obese, insulin-resistant rats.

Pancreatic preservation is an important part of diabetes management that may occur with improved peripheral insulin sensitivity and attenuated low-grade adipose tissue inflammation. The objective of the current study was to determine the response of obese, insulin-resistant fa/fa Zucker rats vs lean controls to dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation with respect to pancreatic islet size, insulin resistance, and markers of inflammation and adipose glucose uptake. Six-week-old fa/fa and lean Zucker rats (n = 20 per genotype) were fed either a 1.