Junior and Collegiate Tennis Players Display Similar Bilateral Asymmetries of Humeral Retroversion.

Context: Overhead throwing athletes consistently display significant bilateral differences in humeral retroversion (HRV). However, there is limited evidence regarding HRV asymmetries in tennis players despite similarities between the overhead throw and tennis serve.

Objective: To determine if junior and collegiate tennis players demonstrate bilateral differences in HRV, and whether the magnitude of the side-to-side difference (HRVΔ) was similar across different age groups.

The Single Leg Squat Test: A "Top-Down" or "Bottom-Up" Functional Performance Test?

Background: Medial knee deviation (MKD) during the single leg squat test (SLST) is a common clinical finding that is often attributed to impairments of proximal muscular structures. Investigations into the relationship between MKD and the foot and ankle complex have provided conflicting results, which may impact clinicians' interpretation of the SLST.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and foot posture in subjects that perform the SLST with MKD (fail) versus without MKD (pass).

Integrated Meditation and Exercise Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot of a Combined Nonpharmacological Intervention Focused on Reducing Disability and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.

Objective: This pilot trial examined the effects of a combined intervention of mindfulness meditation followed by aerobic walking exercise compared with a control condition in chronic low back pain patients. We hypothesized that meditation before exercise would reduce disability, pain, and anxiety by increasing mindfulness prior to physical activity compared with an audiobook control group.

Participants: Thirty-eight adults completed either meditation and exercise treatment (MedExT) (n=18) or an audiobook control condition (n=20).

Ground Reaction Forces Are Predicted with Functional and Clinical Tests in Healthy Collegiate Students.

Increased vertical and posterior ground reaction forces (GRFs) are associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. If a practical means to predict these forces existed, ACL injury risk could be attenuated. Forty-two active college-age individuals (21 females, 20.

Conservative management acutely improves functional movement and clinical outcomes in patients with pre-arthritic hip pain.

Conservative management for individuals with pre-arthritic hip pain is commonly prescribed prior to consideration of surgical management. The purpose of this study is to determine if patients with pre-arthritic hip pain will improve their functional movement control and clinical outcome measures following the implementation of physical therapy and a home-exercise programme. Information was retrospectively collected on consecutive patients and included: demographics, diagnosis, initial and follow-up evaluation of the single leg squat test (SLST) and step-down test (SDT), and patient-reported outcome measures.

The dosing of aerobic exercise therapy on experimentally-induced pain in healthy female participants.

Knowledge of efficacious dosing respective to exercise type and pain condition is extremely limited in the literature. This study aimed to determine the impact of dose of moderate intensity treadmill walking on experimentally-induced pain in healthy human participants. Forty females were divided into 4 groups: control (no exercise), low dose exercise (3×/wk), moderate dose exercise (5×/wk) or high dose exercise (10×/wk).

Evidence for Reliability and Validity of Functional Performance Testing in the Evaluation of Nonarthritic Hip Pain.

Context: The single-legged-squat test (SLST) and step-down test (SDT) are 2 functional performance tests commonly used to evaluate active people with nonarthritic hip pain and dysfunction. However, evidence to support the use of the SLST and SDT in this population is lacking.

Objective: To offer evidence of reliability and validity for the SLST and SDT in evaluating patients with nonarthritic hip pain.

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia: A meta-analysis of exercise dosing for the treatment of chronic pain.

Objective: Increasing evidence purports exercise as a first-line therapeutic for the treatment of nearly all forms of chronic pain. However, knowledge of efficacious dosing respective to treatment modality and pain condition is virtually absent in the literature. The purpose of this analysis was to calculate the extent to which exercise treatment shows dose-dependent effects similar to what is seen with pharmacological treatments.

Reliability and Validity of a 1-Person Technique to Measure Humeral Torsion Using Ultrasound.

Context:   Knowledge of the bilateral difference in humeral torsion (HT) enables clinicians to implement appropriate interventions for soft tissue restrictions of the shoulder to restore rotational motion and reduce injury risk. Whereas the current ultrasound method for measuring HT requires 2 assessors, a more efficient 1-person technique (1PT) may be of value.

Objective:   To determine if a 1PT is a reliable and valid alternative to the established 2-person technique (2PT) for indirectly measuring HT using ultrasound.

The effect of Astym® Therapy on muscle strength: a blinded, randomized, clinically controlled trial.

Background: Astym(®) therapy is a manual therapy intervention used to stimulate tissue healing, decrease pain, improve mobility, and improve muscle performance associated with musculoskeletal pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine if Astym therapy administered to the lower extremity would result in an immediate change of maximal force output during a unilateral isometric squat test among individuals with a lower extremity injury.

Methods: Forty-five subjects (14 males; 31 females) between 18 and 65 years of age were randomized into 3 treatment groups: 1) Control group - received no treatment 2) Placebo group - received a sham Astym treatment 3) Astym therapy group- received Astym therapy to the lower extremity.

THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL TESTS TO PREDICT SAGITTAL PLANE KNEE KINEMATICS IN NCAA-D1 FEMALE ATHLETES.

Background: Landing with the knee in extension places increased loads on ligamentous restraints at the knee versus landing in flexion. Unfortunately, existing methods to predict landing kinematics require sophisticated equipment and expertise. The purpose of this study was to develop predictive models for sagittal plane tibiofemoral landing kinematics from the results of functional tests.

Chronic headache and backache are long-term sequelae of unintentional dural puncture in the obstetric population.

Introduction: Unintentional dural puncture (UDP) and postdural puncture headache (PDPH) occur during the course of epidural catheter placement for labor analgesia with a reported incidence of 1%-5%. After UDP with an epidural needle, 80%-86% of patients develop PDPH. Acute symptoms after UDP are well known.

Clinical utility of postoperative hemoglobin level testing following total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Objective: To determine the clinical utility of hemoglobin level testing in guiding postoperative care following total laparoscopic hysterectomies performed for benign indications.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Results: A total of 629 women underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomies during the 24 month study period.

Reliability and validity of functional performance tests in dancers with hip dysfunction.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental, repeated measures.

Purpose/background: Functional performance tests that identify hip joint impairments and assess the effect of intervention have not been adequately described for dancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of hop and balance tests among a group of dancers with musculoskeletal pain in the hip region.

Epidural catheter placement in morbidly obese parturients with the use of an epidural depth equation prior to ultrasound visualization.

Background: Previously, Balki determined the Pearson correlation coefficient with the use of ultrasound (US) was 0.85 in morbidly obese parturients. We aimed to determine if the use of the epidural depth equation (EDE) in conjunction with US can provide better clinical correlation in estimating the distance from the skin to the epidural space in morbidly obese parturients.

Maternal outcomes in women supplemented with a high-protein drink in labour.

Background: Because of the potential aspiration risk, oral intake is restricted during labour.

Aims: To determine whether high-protein drink supplementation in labour decreases nausea and emesis and promotes patient satisfaction.

Materials And Methods: The study was registered with www.

Efficacy of the bilateral ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric block with intrathecal morphine for postoperative cesarean delivery analgesia.

The ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric (IIIH) block is frequently used as multimodal analgesia for lower abdominal surgeries. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of IIIH block using ultrasound visualization for reducing postoperative pain after caesarean delivery (CD) in patients receiving intrathecal morphine (ITM) under spinal anesthesia. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups for the bilateral IIIH block: Group A = 10 mL of 0.

Perioperative dental injury at a tertiary care health system: An eight-year audit of 816,690 anesthetics.

Among all complications of airway management, dental injury is the most common cause of patient complaints with medicolegal consequences. Over an 8-year period, data on dental injury were collected within a large university hospital system that included community, tertiary, and quaternary care centers. Patient characteristics were compared among all patients receiving anesthesia care using billing data collected from the same period.

Aprepitant plus ondansetron compared with ondansetron alone in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in ambulatory patients undergoing plastic surgery.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a major challenge in the perioperative setting. The incidence can be as high as 80 percent, and the majority of the symptoms among outpatients occur after discharge. This study evaluated the efficacy of a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (aprepitant) in reducing postoperative symptoms for up to 48 hours in patients undergoing outpatient plastic surgery.

The influence of heel height on sagittal plane knee kinematics during landing tasks in recreationally active and athletic collegiate females.

Purpose: To determine if heel height alters sagittal plane knee kinematics when landing from a forward hop or drop landing.

Background: Knee angles close to extension during landing are theorized to increase ACL injury risk in female athletes.

Methods: Fifty collegiate females performed two single-limb landing tasks while wearing heel lifts of three different sizes (0, 12 & 24 mm) attached to the bottom of a sneaker.

A 5-year audit of accidental dural punctures, postdural puncture headaches, and failed regional anesthetics at a tertiary-care medical center.

Obstetric anesthesia-related complications occur as a result of labor epidural or spinal placement. The purpose of this continuous quality-improvement audit was to review the occurrence of accidental dural punctures (ADPs), postdural puncture headaches (PDPHs), and failed regional anesthetics at an academic tertiary-care medical center over a 5-year period. Obstetric anesthesia complications contained in three databases consisting of ADPs, PDPHs, and failed regional anesthetics were matched to a perinatal database, with no complications serving as controls.

Epidural labor analgesia: continuous infusion versus patient-controlled epidural analgesia with background infusion versus without a background infusion.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to compare the total epidural dose of 3 commonly used labor epidural modalities. After local institutional review board approval, 195 laboring parturients received an epidural catheter for labor analgesia. All patients received an initial bolus of 0.

Desflurane versus sevoflurane for laparoscopic gastroplasty in morbidly obese patients.

Study Objective: To determine if desflurane results in a faster emergence as measured by time to eye opening compared to sevoflurane in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastroplasty.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital.

Preemptive analgesia with bupivacaine for segmental mastectomy.

Background And Objectives: Preemptive analgesia is the concept of providing analgesia before surgical incision, resulting in less postoperative pain. The purpose of this study is to determine if preemptive and/or postoperative local anesthetic infiltration of bupivacaine in patients undergoing segmental mastectomy results in less postoperative pain compared with patients receiving placebo.

Methods: In this prospective, double-blinded study, 120 patients were randomized into 4 groups: group 1, preincisional (10 mL) and postoperative (10 mL) wound infiltration of 0.

Nitrous oxide anxiolysis for elective cesarean section.

Study Objective: To determine if inhaled 40% nitrous oxide (N(2)O) via facemask is an effective anxiolytic in women undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

Setting: Tertiary-care women's hospital.