An evaluation of the opinions of hospital employees regarding the contribution of internal marketing to the application of total quality management in Turkey.

This research was conducted in a training-research hospital in Ankara, the capital of Turkey, in order to assess the contributions of internal marketing to the success of TQM applications by means of employee communication and participation. The key findings of this research indicate that the cultural changes needed to maintain the success of TQM applications in the organization were not achieved, there were problems in the internal communication system, effective participation of employees was not achieved, and public relations and internal marketing activities were not employed in a sufficient manner. Specific managerial recommendations are offered in regard to ensuring effective employee support and participation in TQM applications, improving internal communication, and effective application of modern internal marketing tools and methods.

Managerial implications of medical sales representative perceptions of job duties, job qualifications, and other performance-related issues.

This study examined the perceptions of medical sales representatives of job related duties, job qualifications needed, and motivating factors and tested for differences based on gender, age, years of experience and education using prior research as a base. This study also explored issues that may arise between sales people and physicians. The authors surveyed 132 medical sales representatives from pharmaceutical firms located in Ankara, Turkey.