Patterns of late gadolinium enhancement in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to characterize patterns of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in a hemodialysis population at high risk for cardiovascular events.

Background: The prevalence and distribution of LGE and its relationship to left ventricular mass (LVM) and function in this population is unknown.

Methods: Chronic hemodialysis patients at high risk for cardiovascular events-age >50 years, diabetes, or known cardiovascular disease-were enrolled prior to concerns regarding nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

Interaction of angiotensin II type 1 and D5 dopamine receptors in renal proximal tubule cells.

Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor and D1 and D3 dopamine receptors directly interact in renal proximal tubule (RPT) cells from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). There is indirect evidence for a D5 and AT1 receptor interaction in WKY and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Therefore, we sought direct evidence of an interaction between AT1 and D5 receptors in RPT cells.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in chronic renal disease: safety issues.

Reducing the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) slows nephropathy progression in patients with or without diabetes. These drug classes have proven therapeutic benefits, particularly in patients with renal insufficiency (ie, serum creatinine level 133-265 micromol/L [1.5-3.

Effects of AT(1A) receptor deletion on blood pressure and sodium excretion during altered dietary salt intake.

The present study was performed to investigate the role of type 1A ANG II (AT(1A)) receptors in regulating sodium balance and blood pressure maintenance during chronic dietary sodium variations in AT(1A) receptor-deficient (-/-) mice. Groups of AT(1A) (-/-) and wild-type mice were placed on a low (LS)-, normal (NS)-, or high-salt (HS) diet for 3 wk. AT(1A) (-/-) mice on an LS diet had high urinary volume and low blood pressure despite increased renin and aldosterone levels.