Prospective, observational study investigating the level of agreement between transcutaneous and invasive carbon dioxide measurements in critically ill emergency department patients.

Background: Transcutaneous carbon dioxide (Ptcco) measurement is a non-invasive surrogate marker for arterial carbon dioxide (Paco), which requires invasive arterial blood sampling. Use of Ptcco has been examined in different clinical settings, however, most existing evidence in the adult emergency department (ED) setting shows insufficient agreement between the measurements. This study assessed the level of agreement between Ptcco and Paco in undifferentiated adult ED patients across multiple timepoints.

Short-term efficacy of latanoprostene bunod for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic literature review and a network meta-analysis.

Background/aims: To assess the comparative efficacy of latanoprostene bunod (LBN), a novel prostaglandin analogue (PGA), to other medications for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP).

Methods: A systematic literature review adapted from the Li (Ophthalmology, 2016) study was conducted. Medline, Embase and PubMed were searched for randomised controlled trials published between 1 January 2014 and 19 March 2020.

Calmodulin acts as a state-dependent switch to control a cardiac potassium channel opening.

Calmodulin (CaM) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP) are potent regulators of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ1 (K7.1), which conducts the cardiac current. Although cryo-electron microscopy structures revealed intricate interactions between the KCNQ1 voltage-sensing domain (VSD), CaM, and PIP, the functional consequences of these interactions remain unknown.

Elastin haploinsufficiency in mice has divergent effects on arterial remodeling with aging depending on sex.

Elastin is a primary structural protein in the arterial wall that contributes to vascular mechanical properties and degrades with aging. Aging is associated with arterial stiffening and an increase in blood pressure. There is evidence that arterial aging follows different timelines with sex.

A PIP substitute mediates voltage sensor-pore coupling in KCNQ activation.

KCNQ family K channels (KCNQ1-5) in the heart, nerve, epithelium and ear require phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP) for voltage dependent activation. While membrane lipids are known to regulate voltage sensor domain (VSD) activation and pore opening in voltage dependent gating, PIP was found to interact with KCNQ1 and mediate VSD-pore coupling. Here, we show that a compound CP1, identified in silico based on the structures of both KCNQ1 and PIP, can substitute for PIP to mediate VSD-pore coupling.