Clinical outcomes after a biopsy diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection in pediatric heart transplant recipients.

Background: Extending survival after heart transplant (HT) is of paramount importance for childhood recipients of HT. Acute rejection is a significant event, and biopsy remains the most specific means for distinguishing between cellular (ACR) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR).

Methods: All children in the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society Registry who underwent HT between January 2015 and June 2022 and had ≥1 rejection episode were included.