Nudiviruses in free-living and parasitic arthropods: evolutionary taxonomy.

The nudiviruses (family: Nudiviridae) are large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect insects and crustaceans, and have most recently been identified from ectoparasitic members (fleas and lice). This virus family was created in 2014 and has since been expanded via the discovery of multiple novel viral candidates or accepted members, sparking the need for a new taxonomic and evolutionary overview. Using current information (including data from public databases), we construct a new comprehensive phylogeny, encompassing 49 different nudiviruses.

Transcriptomic evidence of a fourth mininucleovirus (Mininucleoviridae): A rapidly growing family among the Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Large DNA viruses (NCLDVs).

The Mininucleoviridae are crustacean-infecting viruses thought to drive mortality across aquatic biomes. Three have been characterised from Carcinus maenas, Panulirus argus, and Dikerogammarus haemobaphes. We screened 202 SRA datasets (NCBI) for novel mininucleoviruses from 44 amphipod species.

Visitor engagement with zoo staff and interpretive demonstrations increases visitor stay time in two free-flight aviaries.

Understanding how visitors spend time in zoo exhibits is important as zoological facilities work to enhance visitor experience and conservation education outcomes. We explored a variety of factors we hypothesized would influence visitor stay times in two aviaries at Disney's Animal Kingdom®. Within these aviaries, visitors could utilize educational materials, listen to staff-led demonstrations, or talks, view animal training sessions, or speak directly with animal care or education staff.

Histopathological screening of Pontogammarus robustoides (Amphipoda), an invader on route to the United Kingdom.

Biological invasions may act as conduits for pathogen introduction. To determine which invasive non-native species pose the biggest threat, we must first determine the symbionts (pathogens, parasites, commensals, mutualists) they carry, via pathological surveys that can be conducted in multiple ways (i.e.

Fathers' Relational Experiences of Stillbirth: Pre-natal Attachment, Loss and Continuing Bonds Through Use of Objects.

This study aimed to investigate fathers' lived experiences of stillbirth through the lens of continuing bonds and use of objects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six fathers who had experienced stillbirth from 20 weeks gestation. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed five themes: loss and continued bonds in a mother-mediated dynamic, objects as manifestations of relational and meaningful memories, exerting existence and continued connection to others, continued bond through physical presence and evolving expressions of love and fatherhood.

Rediscovering "Baculovirus-A" (Johnson, 1976): The complete genome of 'Callinectes sapidus nudivirus'.

Callinectes sapidus, or the 'blue crab', supports an extensive east-coast USA fishery and was one of the first crustacean species in which viruses were observed. Pioneering research by Dr Phyllis Johnson led to these initial discoveries, one of which included the discovery of a virus termed "Baculovirus-A". This virus was considered a potential member of the Baculoviridae, Nimaviridae, or Nudiviridae, in which all viral members are rod-shaped dsDNA viruses found in the nucleus of their host cell.

Histopathological survey for parasite groups in Gammarus varsoviensis (Amphipoda).

Invasive non-native amphipods (Crustacea) are becoming a model system in which to explore the impact and diversity of invasive parasites-parasites that are carried along an invasion route with their hosts. Gammarus varsoviensis is a freshwater amphipod species that has a recently explored invasion history. We provide a histopathological survey for a putatively invasive non-native population of this amphipod, identifying 8 symbiotic groups: Acanthocephala, Rotifera, Digenea, ciliated protozoa, Haplosporidia, Microsporidia, 'Candidatus Aquirickettsiella', and a putative nudivirus, at various prevalence.

Invasive Non-Native Crustacean Symbionts: Diversity and Impact.

Invasive non-native species (INNS) pose a risk as vectors of parasitic organisms (Invasive Parasites). Introducing invasive parasites can result in ecological disturbances, leading to biodiversity loss and native species illness/mortality, but occasionally can control INNS limiting their impact. Risks to human health and the economy are also associated with INNS and invasive parasites; however, we understand little about the diversity of symbiotic organisms co-invading alongside INNS.

Caregiver role strain of older workers.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to measure role strain in older adult workers who were also caregivers of frail elders according to Komarovsky's role strain theory, and to determine whether different patterns of role strain exist for male worker-caregivers than females.

Method: Researchers developed the Job-Caregiver Role Strain Scale Survey, which was adapted from a survey that measured role strain in working parents and spouses. Surveys were distributed to 11 male and 34 female older workers who were also caregivers.