Predictors of engagement with between-session work in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)-based interventions: a mixed-methods systematic review and "best fit" framework synthesis.

Between-session work (BSW) acts as the vehicle to translate skills learnt in therapy sessions into adaptive changes in everyday life, a key goal in Cognitive Behavioural Therapies (CBT). Despite a well-established relationship between engagement with BSW and enhanced treatment outcomes, difficulties completing between-session tasks are common and factors affecting patient engagement with BSW are poorly understood. This mixed-methods systematic review and "best fit" framework synthesis explored predictors of engagement with BSW in CBT-based interventions.

Exploring access and engagement with Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services, before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown: A service evaluation in the Northwest of England.

The purpose of this study was to compare clients' prevalence and explore the characteristics that predicted access and engagement with IAPT treatment before, during, and after Lockdown. We conducted a retrospective observational service evaluation, using routinely collected IAPT data from  = 13,019 clients who entered treatment between March and September in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression were used to explore associations and potential predictors of access and engagement with IAPT treatment.

Prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in adults who are high users of healthcare services and magnitude of associated costs: a systematic review.

Introduction: Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is a common clinical syndrome in primary and secondary healthcare service. Outcomes for patients with persistent MUS include increased disability, poorer quality of life and higher healthcare costs. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of MUS in patients who are high users of healthcare or high-cost patients in comparison with routine users and the magnitude of associated costs.

Prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their association with psychosocial outcomes: A cross-sectional study from Pakistan.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease contributes to substantial health and economic burden worldwide. Co-morbid depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Depressive symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with poorer survival, longer hospitalisation and impaired quality of life.

Recruitment and methodological issues in conducting dementia research in British ethnic minorities: A qualitative systematic review.

Objective: Identifying existing recruitment and methodological issues within dementia research conducted in UK studies that included ethnic minorities.

Methods: We searched for and included any publication detailing dementia research in the UK that included any ethnic minority. The search results and all titles and abstracts were screened according to the inclusion criteria followed by screening of the full texts.

The experiences of lay health workers trained in task-shifting psychological interventions: a qualitative systematic review.

Introduction: The prevalence of common mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, is high and the demand for psychological interventions and talking therapies is increasing. In order to meet this need, it is necessary to explore alternative methods to deliver talking therapies. Training lay health workers (LHWs) to deliver psychological interventions might be one possible solution to address current gaps in service provision.

Preventing depression in the community by voluntary sector providers (PERSUADE): intervention development and protocol for a parallel randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Introduction: Depression is now the most common illness worldwide affecting more than 300 million people. Studies modelling the impact of depression interventions have shown that the burden of depression cannot be minimised by more than 35% with existing treatments. There is a need to develop better preventative interventions.

Prevalence of common mental health disorders in adults who are high or costly users of healthcare services: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: In all healthcare settings, a small proportion of patients account for a large level of healthcare use and associated high healthcare costs. Depression and anxiety are common co-morbidities in patients who are high users of care. The aims of this systematic review are to: (1) estimate the prevalence of anxiety/depression in adults who are high users of general physical healthcare services and/or who accrue high healthcare costs (2) estimate the magnitude of healthcare use associated with the presence of anxiety/depression.

Satisfaction with a digitally-enabled telephone health coaching intervention for people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia.

International evidence shows that lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the risk of developing diabetes in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH). A candidate intervention that has potential to be rolled out at population level is health coaching. Digital interventions offer the means to potentially enhance user satisfaction with health coaching and improve efficiencies.

Prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in adults who are high users of health care services: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are common in primary-care and secondary-care settings. Persistent symptoms of MUS are associated with a variety of poor outcomes including increased disability, poor quality of life and high healthcare costs. The aim of this systematic review is to review the relevant literature to determine the prevalence of MUS in patients who are high users of healthcare and/or who accrue high healthcare costs.

Does health coaching improve health-related quality of life and reduce hospital admissions in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To systematically review the evidence for health coaching as an intervention to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and reduce hospital admissions in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from database inception to August 2018 to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of health coaching for people with COPD. Eligible health coaching interventions had to include three components: goal setting, motivational interviewing, and COPD-related health education.

The Push and Pull of Self-Managing Mild COPD: An Evaluation of Participant Experiences of a Nurse-Led Telephone Health Coaching Intervention.

Health coaching is a novel population intervention to support self-management but it is untested in people with mild disease. People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with mild dyspnea are a population excluded from supported self-management and whose illness might progress without intervention. We explored participants' experiences about how health coaching motivated behavior change.

Is telephone health coaching a useful population health strategy for supporting older people with multimorbidity? An evaluation of reach, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness using a 'trial within a cohort'.

Background: Innovative ways of delivering care are needed to improve outcomes for older people with multimorbidity. Health coaching involves 'a regular series of phone calls between patient and health professional to provide support and encouragement to promote healthy behaviours'. This intervention is promising, but evidence is insufficient to support a wider role in multimorbidity care.

Dementia in UK South Asians: a scoping review of the literature.

Objective: Over 850 000 people live with dementia in the UK. A proportion of these people are South Asians, who make up over 5% of the total UK population. Little is known about the prevalence, experience and treatment of dementia in the UK South Asian population.

Effect of health literacy on the quality of life of older patients with long-term conditions: a large cohort study in UK general practice.

Purpose: The levels of health literacy in patients with long-term conditions (LTCs) are critical for better disease management and quality of life (QoL). However, the impact of health literacy on QoL in older adults with LTCs is unclear. This study examined the association between health literacy and domains of QoL in older people with LTCs, investigating key socio-demographic and clinical variables, as confounders.

The cohort multiple randomized controlled trial design was found to be highly susceptible to low statistical power and internal validity biases.

Objectives: The "cohort multiple randomized controlled trial" (cmRCT) is a recent innovation by which novel interventions are trialed within large longitudinal cohorts of patients to gain efficiencies and align trials more closely to standard clinical practice. The use of cmRCTs is outpacing its methodological understanding, and more appropriate methods for designing and analyzing such trials are urgently needed.

Study Design And Setting: We established the UK Comprehensive Longitudinal Assessment of Salford Integrated Care cohort of 4,377 patients with long-term conditions within which we are conducting a cmRCT ("Proactive Telephone Coaching and Tailored Support") of telephone-based health coaching.

Barriers and facilitators in accessing dementia care by ethnic minority groups: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.

Background: It is estimated that there are about 25,000 people from UK ethnic minority groups with dementia. It is clear that there is an increasing need to improve access to dementia services for all ethnic groups to ensure that everyone has access to the same potential health benefits. The aim was to systematically review qualitative studies and to perform a meta-synthesis around barriers and facilitators to accessing care for dementia in ethnic minorities.

Associations of participation in community assets with health-related quality of life and healthcare usage: a cross-sectional study of older people in the community.

Background: Community assets are promoted as a way to improve quality of life and reduce healthcare usage. However, the quantitative impact of participation in community assets on these outcomes is not known.

Methods: We examined the association between participation in community assets and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (EuroQol-5D-5L) and healthcare usage in 3686 individuals aged ≥65 years.

Patient activation in older people with long-term conditions and multimorbidity: correlates and change in a cohort study in the United Kingdom.

Background: Patient Activation is defined as the knowledge, skill, and confidence a patient has in managing their health. Higher levels of patient activation are associated with better self-management, better health outcomes, and lower healthcare costs. Understanding the drivers of patient activation can allow better tailoring of patient support and interventions.

Comparison of active treatments for impaired glucose regulation: a Salford Royal Foundation Trust and Hitachi collaboration (CATFISH): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Diabetes is highly prevalent and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Behaviour change interventions that target health and lifestyle factors associated with the onset of diabetes can delay progression to diabetes, but many approaches rely on intensive one-to-one contact by specialists. Health coaching is an approach based on motivational interviewing that can potentially deliver behaviour change interventions by non-specialists at a larger scale.

Patient self-management in primary care patients with mild COPD - protocol of a randomised controlled trial of telephone health coaching.

Background: The prevalence of diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the UK is 1.8%, although it is estimated that this represents less than half of the total disease in the population as much remains undiagnosed. Case finding initiatives in primary care will identify people with mild disease and symptoms.