Novel peptide inhibitor of human tumor necrosis factor-α has antiarthritic activity.

The inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α trimer formation renders it inactive for binding to its receptors, thus mitigating the vicious cycle of inflammation. We designed a peptide (PIYLGGVFQ) that simulates a sequence strand of human TNFα monomer using a series of in silico methods, such as active site finding (Acsite), protein-protein interaction (PPI), docking studies (GOLD and Flex-X) followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The MD studies confirmed the intermolecular interaction of the peptide with the TNFα.

Excellent Adsorption of Lead (II) and Chromium (VI) from Water Using Zwitterions (-NH and -COO) Functionalized Nano Lanthanum Oxide: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Surface Mechanism.

Zwitterion amino acid l-cysteine functionalized lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (l-Cyst-LaO NPs) have been synthesized for the first time with lanthanum acetate as the precursor, NHOH as the base, and l-cysteine as the functionalized mediator. The typical size of l-Cyst-LaO NPs was obtained in the range of 15-20 nm from the TEM technique. A cytotoxicity test of l-Cyst-LaO NPs was performed in Raw 264.

Stimuli-responsive magnetic silica-poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid hybrid nanoparticles for targeted cancer chemo-immunotherapy.

Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are two important modalities in cancer management. However, due to multiple reasons, a monotherapy is only partially effective. Hence, if used concurrently in targeted and stimuli-responsive manner, it could have been superior therapeutically.

Beyond the polysaccharide and glycoconjugate vaccines for Streptococcus pneumoniae: Does protein/peptide nanovaccines hold promises?

Streptococcus pneumoniae having almost 98 serotypes and being common cause of acute otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis etc., which results in high mortality and morbidity globally. Although vaccines like PCV-13 and PPV-23 are available, some problems like serotype replacement and poor immunogenicity in children, old age and immunocompromised people has been observed.

Electrochemical Detection of by Amine Functionalized Biocompatible Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles.

Herein, we report the biocompatible amine-functionalized gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (GdO NPs) for the possibility of electrochemical detection of () cells. The microwave irradiation process is applied to synthesize GdO NPs. The amine (NH) functionalization is carried out via overnight stirring with 3(Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) at 55 °C.

Immunogenicity Evaluation of Thermostable Microparticles Entrapping Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 by Single Point Administration.

Receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 is a prime vaccine target against which neutralizing antibody responses are directed. Purified RBD as a vaccine candidate warrants administration of multiple doses along with adjuvants and use of delivery systems to improve its immunogenicity. The present investigation examines the immunogenicity of RBD delivered by biodegradable polymer particles from single dose administration.

RBD decorated PLA nanoparticle admixture with aluminum hydroxide elicit robust and long lasting immune response against SARS-CoV-2.

Nanoparticles-based multivalent antigen display has the capability of mimicking natural virus infection characteristics, making it useful for eliciting potent long-lasting immune response. Several vaccines are developed against global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However these subunit vaccines use mammalian expression system, hence mass production with rapid pace is a bigger challenge.

Troxerutin-Mediated Complement Pathway Inhibition is a Disease-Modifying Treatment for Inflammatory Arthritis.

Troxerutin (TXR) is a phytochemical reported to possess anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to exploit the antiarthritic properties of TXR using an adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rat model. AIA-induced rats showed the highest arthritis score at the disease onset and by oral administration of TXR (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight), reduced to basal level in a dose-dependent manner.

Contraceptive efficacy of recombinant porcine zona proteins and fusion protein encompassing canine ZP3 fragment and GnRH in female beagle dogs.

Problem: To manage population of dogs (Canis familiaris), the efficacy of recombinant proteins-based contraceptive vaccines to inhibit fertility has been evaluated in female beagle dogs.

Method Of Study: Female beagle dogs (n = 4) were immunized with physical mixture of Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant porcine ZP3 with promiscuous T cell epitope of tetanus toxoid (TT-KK-pZP3) and porcine ZP4 with promiscuous T cell epitope of bovine RNase (bRNase-KK-pZP4), or with a fusion protein encompassing dog ZP3 fragment and two copies of GnRH with appropriate promiscuous T cell epitopes (dZP3-GnRH ); control animals received only alum, the adjuvant. The immunized animals were followed-up for antibody titres by ELISA as well as for fertility status subsequent to mating with male dogs.

Microparticles entrapping pneumococcal protein SP0845 show improved immunogenicity and temperature stability.

Protein based vaccines are the most safe and affordable strategy to combat pneumococcal disease circumventing the limitations of conventional polysaccharide-based vaccines like serotype dependence, high cost and inability to be administered to immunocompromised. SP0845 is a highly conserved vaccine candidate shown to provide protection against heterologous strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the primal cause of pneumonia. However, the associated poor immunogenicity warrants the need for adjuvants and multiple doses to mount desired responses.

Solubilization and Refolding of Inclusion Body Proteins.

Expression of heterologous proteins in E. coli often leads to the formation of protein aggregates known as inclusion bodies (IBs). Inclusion body aggregates pose a major hurdle in the recovery of bioactive proteins from E.

Solubilization and refolding of variety of inclusion body proteins using a novel formulation.

Formation of protein aggregates as inclusion bodies (IBs) still poses a major hurdle in the recovery of bioactive proteins from E. coli. Despite the development of many mild solubilization buffers in last two decades, high-throughput recovery of functional protein from wide range of IBs is still a challenge at an academic and industrial scale.

Cellular uptake of polylactide particles induces size dependent cytoskeletal remodeling in antigen presenting cells.

Phagocytosis of particulate vaccine delivery systems is a critical immune mechanism involved in antigen capture and processing by macrophages and dendritic cells. The internalization and degradation of the particles involve a complex sequence of events. This process coordinates lipids, signaling proteins, and the cytoskeleton.

Preparation and quality by design assisted (Qb-d) optimization of bioceramic loaded microspheres for periodontal delivery of doxycycline hyclate.

PLGA (Lactic- co-glycolic acid) coated chitosan microspheres loaded with hydroxyapatite and doxycycline hyclate complex were developed in the present study for periodontal delivery. A modified single emulsion method was adopted for the development of microspheres. Formulation was optimized on the basis of particle size, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency with the central composite design using 2 factorial design.

Evaluation of size, shape, and charge effect on the biological interaction and cellular uptake of cerium oxide nanostructures.

Cerium oxide (CeO) at the nanoscale has prolifically attracted the immense interest of researchers due to its switchable oxidation states (Ce/Ce) that play a crucial role in many biological activities. The present work reports the evaluation of size, shape, and charge effect on the biological interaction with RAW 264.7 cells for three nanostructures of CeO(CeONS) namely nanocubes (NCs), nanorods (NRs), and nanoparticles (NPs).

Molecular Attributes Associated With Refolding of Inclusion Body Proteins Using the Freeze-Thaw Method.

Understanding the structure-function of inclusion bodies (IBs) in the last two decades has led to the development of several mild solubilization buffers for the improved recovery of bioactive proteins. The recently developed freeze-thaw-based inclusion body protein solubilization method has received a great deal of attention due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The present report investigates the reproducibility, efficiency, and plausible mechanism of the freeze-thaw-based IB solubilization.

Protocol for in-vitro purification and refolding of hexachlorocyclohexane degrading enzyme haloalkane dehalogenase LinB from inclusion bodies.

LinB is an important haloalkane dehalogenase involved in the degradation pathway of different isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), mainly in catalyzing degradation of the notorious β-HCH. The HCH isomers are known to have neurotoxic, carcinogenic and estrogenic effects. Enzymatic bioremediation for decontamination of β- as well as other HCH isomers can prove to be a potential remediation strategy.

Maternal vitamin B in mice positively regulates bone, but not muscle mass and strength in post-weaning and mature offspring.

Vitamin B deficiency has been shown to affect bone mass in rodents and negatively impact bone formation in humans. In this study using mouse models, we define the effect of B supplementation in the wild-type mother and B deficiency in a mouse genetic model ( mice) during gestation on bone and muscle architecture and mechanical properties in the offspring. Analysis of bones from 4-wk-old offspring of the wild-type mother following vehicle or B supplementation during gestation (from to ) showed an increase in bone mass caused by an isolated increase in bone formation in the B-supplemented group compared with vehicle controls.

An Annexin V-FITC-Propidium Iodide-Based Method for Detecting Apoptosis in a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line.

Annexin V and propidium iodide staining is widely used for determining the cellular death through apoptosis. In the presence of Ca ions, annexin V has a strong binding affinity for phosphatidylserine, a membrane phospholipid that during apoptosis is translocated from the inner side of the cell membrane to its outer side. On the other hand, propidium iodide has ability for DNA binding and it can only enter into necrotic or late apoptotic cells.

miR-27b-5p inhibits BeWo cells fusion by regulating WNT2B and enzyme involved in progesterone synthesis.

Problem: The miRNAs show placenta-specific expression patterns, which alter during pregnancy-related complications. In present study, the role of miR-27b-5p during forskolin-mediated BeWo cells fusion has been investigated.

Method Of Study: The fusion of BeWo cells in response to forskolin treatment (25 µM) was studied by desmoplakin I+II staining.

Expression, Solubilization, Refolding and Final Purification of Recombinant Proteins as Expressed in the form of "Classical Inclusion Bodies" in .

Escherichia coli has been most widely used for production of the recombinant proteins. Over-expression of the recombinant proteins is the mainspring of the inclusion bodies formation. The refolding of these proteins into bioactive forms is cumbersome and partly time-consuming.

Effect of N-terminal poly histidine-tag on immunogenicity of Streptococcus pneumoniae surface protein SP0845.

SP0845, a pneumococcal surface protein and a potential candidate vaccine for Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, was used to evaluate the role of histidine affinity tag on its biophysical properties and immunogenicity. The protein was expressed in E. coli with and without histidine affinity tag and purified to homogeneity.

Design of expert guided investigation of native L-asparaginase encapsulated long-acting cross-linker-free poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoformulation in an Ehrlich ascites tumor model.

Present study explores native L-asparaginase encapsulated long-acting cross-linker-free PLGA-nanoformulation in an Ehrlich ascites tumor model. L-asparaginase-PLGA nanoparticles for tumor were prepared using a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique, optimized and validated by Box-Behnken Design. L-ASN-PNs showed a particle size of 195 nm ± 0.