Neonatal Osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition affecting the skeletal system of newborns. The condition is relatively rare in neonates but occurs at higher rates in high-risk pregnancies, in preterm infants, and with the use of invasive devices. As a result of the anatomy and immature immune system of newborns, neonates differ in presentation, diagnosis, and management of osteomyelitis compared to patients of other age groups.

Inferior Vena Cava Filter in Childhood Septic Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an alternative to anticoagulation when the latter is contraindicated. The use of IVC filter in pediatrics continues to be rare and has not increased despite the ever-increasing rates of childhood VTE. Historically, septic VTE was regarded as a contraindication to IVC filter.

Clinical Characterization of Children Presenting to the Hospital with Enterovirus D68 Infection During the 2014 Outbreak in St. Louis.

Background: The largest known outbreak of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections occurred during 2014. The goal of our study is to characterize the illness severity and clinical presentation of children infected with EV-D68 in comparison to non-EV-D68-human rhinoviruses/enteroviruses (HRV/EV).

Method: Our study is a retrospective analysis of severity level, charges and length of stay of children who presented to St.

A pathway involving farnesoid X receptor and small heterodimer partner positively regulates hepatic sirtuin 1 levels via microRNA-34a inhibition.

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD-dependent deacetylase that is critically involved in diverse cellular processes including metabolic disease, cancer, and possibly aging. Despite extensive studies on SIRT1 function, how SIRT1 levels are regulated remains relatively unknown. Here, we report that the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) inhibits microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in the liver, which results in a positive regulation of SIRT1 levels.

Prevalence of uncorrected refractive error and other eye problems among urban and rural school children.

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is an avoidable cause of visual impairment.

Aim: To compare the magnitude and determinants of uncorrected refractive error, such as age, sex, family history of refractive error and use of spectacles among school children 6-15 years old in urban and rural Maharashtra, India.

Study Design: This was a review of school-based vision screening conducted in 2004-2005.

Estimating blood loss: comparative study of the accuracy of parents and health care professionals.

Objective: Hematemesis and hematochezia are not uncommon presenting complaints in children. The amount of blood loss reported by the parent is likely to influence the pediatrician's decision regarding investigations and management. Currently, there are only very limited data regarding the ability of laypersons to estimate blood losses visually.