Improved Outcome of Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia in the Current Era with the Use of Novel Agents and Autologous Bone Marrow Transplants-A Single Centre Experience.

Primary Plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive variant of plasma cell dyscrasias. Diagnostic criteria of plasma cell leukemia were recently updated by international myeloma working group to with more than 5% circulating plasma cells or absolute plasma cell count of more than 500/µL. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with pPCL in our department from 2017 to 2022.

Acute panmylelosis with myelofibrosis - A rare case report with review of literature.

Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis (APMF) corresponds to <1% cases of acute myeloid leukemia, which could be an underestimation due to missed diagnosis. Due to its rapidly fatal course, it warrants a timely and correct diagnosis. We present a case of a 44-year male who came with a short history of fever, generalised weakness, revealed pancytopenia with occasional circulating blast in the peripheral blood smear.

Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of 17 Cases of Chronic Granulomatous Disease in North India.

A primary immune deficiency disorder is often suspected in children with recurrent deep seated and fungal infections and those admitted to pediatric intensive care units. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is inherited disorder leading to infections caused due to defective superoxide production. Cases referred for testing for a primary immunodeficiency disorder were tested for Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) assay by flow cytometry and nitroblue tetrazolium dye (NBT) slide test.

Evaluation of multiparametric flow cytometry in diagnosis & prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome in India.

Background & Objectives: Diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is subjective in low-grade cases with <5 per cent blasts or <15 per cent ring sideroblasts. Flow cytometry (FCM) has been used to diagnose MDS; but, it still has only an adjunctive role. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of FCM to diagnose MDS and correlate the number of aberrancies with revised international prognostic scoring system (R-IPSS).

A Prospective, Cross Sectional Study of PNH Clone in MDS Patients Using High Sensitivity Flowcytometry: A Single Center Experience.

Subclinical PNH can be present in patients with bone marrow failure like aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Such clone may have prognostic and therapeutic implications. In literature around 1-10% MDS cases have shown a PNH clone, however, data from India is relatively scarce.

Aspirin and Clopidogrel Resistance in Indian Patients with Ischemic Stroke and its Associations with Gene Polymorphisms: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Antiplatelet resistance is one of the urgent issues in current stroke care. One-third to one-half of the patients who experience a recurrent stroke is already on antiplatelet medications. We studied resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel in Indian stroke patients and its association with gene polymorphisms.

Platelet function tests: A 5-year audit of platelet function tests done for bleeding disorders in a tertiary care center of a developing country.

Introduction: The platelet function disorders remain largely undiagnosed or incompletely diagnosed in developing nations due to lack of availability of tests like lumiaggregometry, granule release assay or molecular testing. We performed a retrospective analysis of all the platelet function test (PFT) carried out in past 5 years by Light transmission aggregometery (LTA) using a panel of agonist. The indications and the test results were analyzed by two hematopathologist with the aim to look into the present diagnostic facilities or lack of it for correct diagnosis.

C-Window Peaks on CE-HPLC are Extremely Rare in Northern India, and Only Infrequently Represent HbC.

Hemoglobin C (HbC, HBB:c.19G > A) is a structural variant that has been reported rarely from India. This was a retrospective review of all high performance liquid chromatography (HPLCs) submitted over a 14 year period to a tertiary care center in North India with an aim of finding hemoglobins that elute in the C-window.

Comparison of the characteristics of two hemoglobin variants, Hb D-Iran and Hb E, eluting in the Hb A2 window.

Background: Cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is most commonly used to evaluate hemoglobin (Hb) variants, which elute in the Hb A2 window. This study aimed to assess prevalence of an uncommon Hb variant, Hb D-Iran, and compare its red cell parameters and peak characteristics with those of Hb E that commonly elutes in the Hb A2 window.

Methods: Generally, we assess abnormal Hb using CE-HPLC as the primary technique along with alkaline and acid electrophoresis.

Concomitant Presence of Two Distinct Clones of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Plasma Cell Myeloma in a Patient.

A 74 years old male patient, presented with history of generalized weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite and breathlessness on exertion for past one and a half months. On examination, he was found to have significant pallor and generalized lymphadenopathy (cervical, axillary and inguinal). The skeletal survey showed punched out lytic lesions in skull and pelvic bones.

Compound heterozygous hemoglobin d-punjab/hemoglobin d-iran: a novel hemoglobinopathy.

Cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (CE- HPLC) is an excellent tool for the diagnosis of various hemoglobin (Hb) disorders. HbD-Punjab is an uncommon structural Hb variant seen in North-India. Rarely, a compound heterozygous state for HbD-Punjab with high HbA2 has been described.

Expression of CD20 in B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

CD20 is a B cell differentiation antigen with variable expression in B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). The significance of CD20 expression has been evaluated in BCP-ALL with conflicting results. There is paucity of data regarding CD 20 expression in BCP-ALL in Indian patients.

A Bi-Lineal Acute Leukemia (T/Myeloid, NOS) with Complex Cytogenetic Abnormalities.

We report an unusual case of bi-lineal mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (T/Myeloid, NOS) with complex cytogenetic abnormalities in a 2-year-old boy. Despite attaining complete remission with therapy, he succumbed to status epilepticus following febrile illness. Flow cytometry represents the current standard of care for the diagnosis of this malignancy and the approach adopted in our case is discussed.