Reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods and assessment of dentine penetrability after endodontic retreatment: A correlation in vitro study.

This study evaluated the reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods used with confocal laser scanning microscopy in correlation with the percentage of residual root filling and examined the effect of residual root-filling material on dentine penetrability after retreatment. Extracted teeth were randomly divided into different groups according to the obturation sealer used (n = 6); BioRoot RCS; MTA Fillapex; Bio-C and AH Plus. Root-filling material was removed before the secondary chemo-mechanical preparation and obturation using fluorescein labelled AH Plus.

The effect of irrigation solution temperature and novel heat-treated rotary files on apical debris extrusion and canal preparation time.

This study aimed to compare apical debris extrusion and canal preparation time with ProTaper Gold (PTG) and ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) files at different temperatures. Mesio-buccal roots of 60 mandibular first molars were distributed into six groups depending on the file type (PTG, PTU) and irrigation solution temperature (20, 37, 45°C). During instrumentation, extruded debris were collected and weighed to measure the mass in milligrams.

Exploring morphometric transformations in temperature-sensitive NiTi instruments alongside real-time intracanal temperature dynamics.

Aim: This study was twofold: (i) it aimed to investigate the morphometric changes of three temperature-sensitive nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments at different temperatures, and (ii) to conduct an in vivo real-time analysis of intracanal temperature changes.

Methods: Changes in the shape and length of XP-Endo Shaper, XP-Endo Finisher, and XP-Endo Finisher-R were evaluated in real time whilst heated in a temperature-controlled water bath from 22 to 45°C. Instruments were fixed to a laminated water-resistant 1 mm graph paper attached to a stone block.

Comparing the softening effect of three gutta-percha solvents on different types of gutta-percha with different application durations.

Introduction: During non-surgical endodontic retreatment, gutta-percha (GP) solvents are indispensable in difficult cases when used with mechanical removal, however studies comparing their efficacy against different types of GP are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the softening effect of three solvents on the conventional (CGP), cross-linked carrier-based (CLGP), and thermoplasticized (TGP) and compare the effect of time on the softening effect of the solvents.

Methods: Tested GP were embedded in cuboidal blocks of stone with their upper surfaces exposed (1 mm diameter).

Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of different nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament: an in vitro study.

This study explored the antimicrobial effects of ketoprofen, piroxicam, and celecoxib alone or combined with calcium hydroxide (CH) against two strains of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and assessed the influence of such combinations on the pH of CH. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the three tested NSAIDs were determined.

Inflammatory response to epoxy resin and calcium silicate sealers preheated with different temperatures: an in vivo study.

Objective: To determine the impact of heat exposure of different sealers on inflammatory cytokine secretions and tissue response in vivo.

Materials And Methods: Silicone tubes were prefilled with epoxy resin (ER) or calcium silicate (CS) sealers, preheated at 37, 60, or 120 °C, and implanted in rat subcutaneous site. Peri-implant exudate and tissue were analyzed after 1 and 4 weeks for cytokine secretions and tissue organization.

Inflammatory and differentiation cellular response to calcium silicate cements: An in vitro study.

Aim: Inflammatory-regenerative cell interaction is believed to mediate hard tissue formation. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between human inflammatory monocytes with human regenerative fibroblasts after exposure to different calcium silicate materials.

Methodology: Human monocytes were cultured on three materials, polystyrene (PS), mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) and biodentine (BD), in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the potential mineralising effects of calcium silicate-based dentine replacement material (Biodentine™) in comparison with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX™) on different human dentine substrates using a multimodal non-invasive optical assessment.

Methods: Cements were applied on artificially demineralised or naturally carious dentine and stored for 4 weeks in phosphate-rich media +/- tetracycline used for mineralisation labelling. Interfacial dentine was examined from the same sample and location before and after aging using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging.

The Effect of Sealer Application Methods on Voids Volume after Aging of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study.

During obturation, air voids are undesirable as they may provide shelter for microorganisms or passage for fluids. This study aimed to compare the occurrence of voids between three calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBSs) (MTA-Fillapex, BioRoot-RCS, Bio-C) and the change in their volume after aging. In addition, we aimed to compare voids when using two sealer application methods: lentulo-spiral (LS) and gutta-percha (GP) cone.

Present status and future directions: Hydraulic materials for endodontic use.

Background: Hydraulic materials are used in Endodontics due to their hydration characteristics namely the formation of calcium hydroxide when mixing with water and also because of their hydraulic properties. These materials are presented in various consistencies and delivery methods. They are composed primarily of tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, and also include a radiopacifier, additives and an aqueous or a non-aqueous vehicle.

Alkaline conditions can affect the volume and chemical characteristics of dental gutta-percha.

The effects of alkaline pH on the size and surface characteristics of gutta-percha were studied. Forty ProTaper Universal-F2 gutta-percha cones (GPC) were stored individually for 8-weeks. GPC were distributed into 2 groups (n = 20) based on the storage solutions' pH (pH7, pH12).

Investigating the effect of bicarbonate ion on the structure and strength of calcium silicate-based dental restorative material-Biodentine.

Objectives: Investigating the effect of carbonation on the strength and structure of calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine™) in the presence of bicarbonate ion.

Materials And Methods: Cylindrical samples of Biodentine (N = 120) were prepared and cured in deionised water (DW) or bicarbonate solution (BC) for 1 and 2 days and 1, 2 and 4 weeks. After storage, the compressive strength of cured samples was tested using a universal testing machine, and carbonate was quantified on the surface or within the structure of samples using Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively.

Outcome assessment of non-surgical root canal treatment by patients: what factors can influence their evaluation?

Aims This study aims to identify factors considered by patients in assessing their treatment outcome after receiving non-surgical root canal treatments.Methods Participants (n = 225) were requested to complete a questionnaire that asked about the treatment outcome; whether successful, acceptable or failure. Participants were asked about factors related to the procedure, the dentist and the dental practice.

Gingival Health Around Cervical Carious Lesions Restored with Calcium Silicate-based Cement (Biodentine™) Compared with Glass-ionomer Cement: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: The study aims to assess the gingival health around cervical lesions restored with calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine™) compared to treatment with glass-ionomer cement (GIC).

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 healthy subjects with carious lesions on the cervical third of the buccal surfaces of posterior teeth (class V-Black's classification) have participated and were distributed over two equal groups. The participants in each group received one type of the tested cements: Biodentine™ or GIC.

The Effect of Heating Time and Temperature on Epoxy Resin and Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Sealers.

Introduction: With the growing use of warm obturation techniques during endodontic treatment, more interest is directed toward sealers' compatibility with heat. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat application duration and temperature on epoxy resin- and calcium silicate-based sealers using chemical and thermogravimetric analyses.

Methods: Freshly mixed samples (n = 5/group) of each sealer were heated at 200°C or 250°C for 30 or 60 seconds.

Root dentine and endodontic instrumentation: cutting edge microscopic imaging.

Cutting of the dental hard tissues is an integral part of restorative dentistry. Cutting of the root dentine is also needed in preparation prior to endodontic treatment, with significant commercial investment for the development of flexible cutting instruments based around nickel titanium (NiTi) alloys. This paper describes the evolution of endodontic cutting instruments, both in materials used, e.

Performance of NiTi endodontic instrument under different temperatures.

The purpose of this study was to test nickel titanium (NiTi) instrument performance under different surrounding temperatures. Twenty-four superelastic NiTi instruments with a conical shape comprising a 0.30-mm-diameter tip and 0.

Present and future of glass-ionomers and calcium-silicate cements as bioactive materials in dentistry: biophotonics-based interfacial analyses in health and disease.

Objective: Since their introduction, calcium silicate cements have primarily found use as endodontic sealers, due to long setting times. While similar in chemistry, recent variations such as constituent proportions, purities and manufacturing processes mandate a critical understanding of service behavior differences of the new coronal restorative material variants. Of particular relevance to minimally invasive philosophies is the potential for ion supply, from initial hydration to mature set in dental cements.