RANKL treatment restores thymic function and improves T cell-mediated immune responses in aged mice.

Age-related thymic involution, leading to reduced T cell production, is one of the major causes of immunosenescence. This results in an increased susceptibility to cancers, infections, and autoimmunity and in reduced vaccine efficacy. Here, we identified that the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK)-RANK ligand (RANKL) axis in the thymus is altered during aging.

Efficacy and Safety of a Preservative-Free Latanoprost Cationic Emulsion in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Concurrent Ocular Surface Disease: A Randomized Phase 2 Study.

To compare intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular surface disease (OSD) parameters, and safety in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG)/ocular hypertension (OH) and concurrent OSD treated with preservative-free latanoprost 0.005% cationic emulsion (PF-latanoprost-E) or travoprost-Z 0.004% ophthalmical solution containing a soft preservative system.

Review of clinical outcomes of a cationic emulsion tear substitute in patients with dry eye disease.

First-line options for the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) rely on artificial tears (ATs), among which cationic emulsion (CE)-based ATs have been developed in order to mimic the healthy tear film for an improved restoration of the ocular surface homeostasis. In this review, we describe the outcomes reported in several studies, assessing the mode of action, ocular tolerance and clinical performance of a CE-based AT. Pilot studies have revealed that CE-based ATs can increase the volume and stability of the tear film while limiting its evaporation rate.

Optimization and validation of a bioanalytical HPLC-UV technique for simultaneous determination of underivatized phenylalanine and tyrosine in the blood for phenylketonuria diagnosis and monitoring.

This study aimed to develop a fast, accurate, and precise high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection method for simultaneous analysis of underivatized phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) in biological samples. Separation of the analytes was accomplished using a Discovery HS F5-3 column, which offered better retention and peak symmetry for the tested analytes. Chromatographic conditions were optimized using central composite experimental design, and three factors were investigated: the concentration of ammonium acetate (A), the acetonitrile proportion in the mobile phase (B) and the column oven temperature (C).

Thrombus of the Aorta and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Cause or Trigger?

Coronavirus disease 19 is a well-established cause of rare arterial thrombosis. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of arterial thrombosis remains to be elucidated. We herein report the case of a large floating thrombus of the aortic arch, its surgical management and histological analysis.

Surgical management of an aortic root dilatation in a patient suffering from Hunter syndrome.

Hunter syndrome is a rare disease leading to glycosaminoglycan accumulation in tissues. Multiple organs are involved, but prognosis is mainly conditioned by cardiac and respiratory failures. Cardiac valvular impairment is quite common but aortic root dilatation is rarely described.

In-vivo anti-inflammatory activity and safety assessment of the aqueous extract of Algerian Erica arborea L. (Ericaceae) aerial parts.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Erica arborea known as Khlenj in Algeria is a small shrub belonging to Ericaceae family. E. arborea Aqueous extract (EAAE) is used in traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antimicrobial, and antiulcer purposes.

Cationic Emulsion-Based Artificial Tears as a Mimic of Functional Healthy Tear Film for Restoration of Ocular Surface Homeostasis in Dry Eye Disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex multifactorial disease that affects an increasing number of patients worldwide. Close to 30% of the population has experienced dry eye (DE) symptoms and presented with some signs of the disease during their lifetime. The significant heterogeneity in the medical background of patients with DEs and in their sensitivity to symptoms renders a clear understanding of DED complicated.

In Vitro Anticoccidial Activity of Olive Pulp (Olea europaea L. var. Chemlal) Extract Against Eimeria Oocysts in Broiler Chickens.

Aim: The objective of the present study was to investigate in vitro anticoccidial effect of olive pulp (Olea europaea L var. Chemlal) extract on the destruction of Eimeria spp. oocysts isolated from infected chickens naturally.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Cyclosporine A Cationic Emulsion in Pediatric Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: The VEKTIS Study.

Purpose: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, allergic, and potentially severe ocular disease affecting children and adolescents that can lead to impaired quality of life (QoL) and loss of vision. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of an investigational therapy for severe VKC, cyclosporine A (CsA) cationic emulsion (CE), an oil-in-water emulsion with increased bioavailability versus conventional CsA formulations.

Design: The VErnal KeratoconjunctiviTIs Study (VEKTIS) is a phase 3, multicenter, double-masked, vehicle-controlled trial.

Persistence of Efficacy of 0.1% Cyclosporin A Cationic Emulsion in Subjects with Severe Keratitis Due to Dry Eye Disease: A Nonrandomized, Open-label Extension of the SANSIKA Study.

Purpose: Results from a 6-month double-masked and a 6-month open-label study (SANSIKA) established the efficacy and safety of once-daily 0.1% cyclosporin A cationic emulsion (CsA CE) in severe keratitis due to dry eye disease (DED). This article presents results from the Post-SANSIKA study, a 24-month extension of SANSIKA assessing the sustained efficacy of CsA CE after treatment discontinuation.

Efficacy and safety of 0.1% ciclosporin A cationic emulsion in dry eye disease: a pooled analysis of two double-masked, randomised, vehicle-controlled phase III clinical studies.

Background/aim: To assess the treatment effect of 0.1% ciclosporin A cationic emulsion (CsA CE) versus vehicle on signs/symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) in various subgroups (moderate-to-severe DED/severe DED/Sjögren's syndrome (SS)/SS with severe DED).

Methods: Pooled data were analysed from two similar phase III studies: SICCANOVE (moderate-to-severe DED) and SANSIKA (severe DED with severe keratitis).

Topical ocular 0.1% cyclosporine A cationic emulsion in dry eye disease patients with severe keratitis: experience through the French early-access program.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to report the evaluation of efficacy and safety of cyclosporine A cationic emulsion (CsA CE) 0.1% for the treatment of severe keratitis in adults with dry eye disease (DED) in a French early-access program.

Methods: Patients with DED and severe keratitis (corneal fluorescein staining [CFS] score of 3-5 on the Oxford scale and/or the presence of corneal lesions [filaments or ulcers]) were enrolled in a compassionate use program (Authorization for Temporary Use [ATU]) for once-daily CsA CE, which was approved by French health authorities prior to its registration.

Starr-Edwards aortic valve: 50+ years and still going strong: a case report.

The advent of the Starr-Edwards mechanical valve marked the beginning of the modern era for heart valve replacement. Nowadays, this valve has been supplanted by lower profile bileaflet mechanical prostheses that are considered to have better haemodynamics, lesser risk of thrombo-embolic complications, and longer durability without structural prosthesis failure. These assumptions often lead physicians to face with the question of systematically replacing functional Starr-Edwards valves in patients undergoing redo operations on other valves.

Study of congenital heart diseases in patients with Down syndrome in Algeria.

This study aimed to describe and evaluate the type, frequency and patterns of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in patients with Down Syndrome (DS) in Sétif, Algeria. Down Syndrome, or trisomy 21, is the most common genetic disorder in the world. Data were collected and followed from January 2009 to December 2013.

Relevance of Lipid-Based Products in the Management of Dry Eye Disease.

Components of the ocular surface synergistically contribute to maintaining and protecting a smooth refractive layer to facilitate the optimal transmission of light. At the air-water interface, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL), a mixture of lipids and proteins, plays a key role in tear surface tension and is important for the physiological hydration of the ocular surface and for ocular homeostasis. Alterations in tear fluid rheology, differences in lipid composition, or downregulation of specific tear proteins are found in most types of ocular surface disease, including dry eye disease (DED).