Lower trapezius transfer to infraspinatus in cases of sequelae of obstetric brachial plexus injury.

Background: Deficient shoulder function is a common and exhausting issue in children with obstetric brachial plexus injuries. Even with functioning elbow, wrist, and fingers, upper limb function is markedly disabled by limited shoulder abduction external rotation. Lower trapezius transfer carries many advantages; simple and safe technique, same line of pull as donor; reliable nerve supply (extraplexal from spinal accessory nerve), and not acting on rotation of the shoulder, mostly it will not adversely affect internal rotation range after the transfer.

Economic Burden of Haemophilia from a Societal Perspective: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Haemophilia is a rare genetic bleeding disorder that leads to musculoskeletal complications. The high cost of haemophilia treatment necessitates a thorough evaluation of its economic burden. However, due to the difficulty of estimating direct non-medical, indirect, and intangible costs, studies often underestimate the actual economic burden of haemophilia.

The independent association between 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile with APOE genotyping in obese cases with and without T2DM.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and APOE genotyping are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We wanted to find out if there was a link between a lack of 25(OH) vitamin D, HOMA-IR, and lipids and APOE genotyping in obese people with and without T2DM.

Methods: We divided 300 Egyptians of both sexes into three groups in a case-control study: 100 obese cases with a body mass index of more than 30, 100 obese cases diagnosed with T2DM, and 100 controls with a body mass index of less than 30.

Metabolomic profiling reveals altered phenylalanine metabolism in Parkinson's disease in an Egyptian cohort.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common motor neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Given the complexity of PD etiology and the different metabolic derangements correlated to the disease, metabolomics profiling of patients is a helpful tool to identify patho-mechanistic pathways for the disease development. Dopamine metabolism has been the target of several previous studies, of which some have reported lower phenylalanine and tyrosine levels in PD patients compared to controls.

Prognostic value of arterial lactate index in ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective cohort study.

Limited knowledge exists on the pathophysiological cascade beyond serum lactate's association with myocardial injury. Assessed the prognostic value of lactate index on periprocedural variables and its impact on 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in 300 prospective ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Significant correlations were observed between admission lactate and Killip class, periprocedural time intervals, postprocedure thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow and myocardial blush grade (MBG; p < 0.

Circulating microRNAs as novel biomarkers for measuring the potency of ginger extract against cyclophosphamide toxicity in rat renal tissues: molecular and histopathological study.

Objective: This study aims to explore underlying molecular variations in the expression of miRNAs in kidney tissues of ginger-treated and non-treated cyclophosphamide (CP)-intoxicated rats.

Materials And Methods:   A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each: Group I (control: received normal food and water), Group II (received ginger at a dose of 300 mg/kg), Group III (received CP 75 mg/kg, i.p.

Relationship between hepatitis C virus infection and extrahepatic malignancies.

Aim Of The Study: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most common causes of liver-related deaths worldwide. Non-hepatic cancers such as lung and pancreatic cancers have been linked to HCV infection. This study aimed to determine whether HCV seropositivity was related to the development of extrahepatic malignancies and whether this had an impact on patients' survival.

Harnessing role of sesamol and its nanoformulations against neurodegenerative diseases.

Sesamol is a lignan of sesame seeds and a natural phenolic molecule that has emerged as a useful medical agent. Sesamol is a non-toxic phytoconstituent, which exerts certain valuable effects in the management of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), etc. Sesamol is known to depict its neuroprotective role by various mechanisms, such as metabolic regulators, action on oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, etc.

Pelvis reconstruction by proximal femur upshifting and total hip arthroplasty after radical resection of an adolescent patient pelvic Ewing's sarcoma, a case report, and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Pelvis reconstruction after tumor resection poses a challenge, especially in younger patients where preserving the patient's function and mobility is paramount.

Case Presentation: A 16 years old female presented in March 2019 with vague right iliac area pain, diagnosed as pelvic Ewing's sarcoma after imaging studies (MRI and MSCT scan) and obtaining an incisional biopsy. After initial chemotherapy cycles, the tumor decreased in size, and surgical intervention in two stages was performed.

Interactions between Humans and Dogs during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recent Updates and Future Perspectives.

COVID-19 is one of the deadliest epidemics. This pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the role of dogs in spreading the disease in human society is poorly understood. This review sheds light on the limited susceptibility of dogs to COVID-19 infections which is likely attributed to the relatively low levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the respiratory tract and the phylogenetic distance of ACE2 in dogs from the human ACE2 receptor.

Epigenetics and the role of nutraceuticals in health and disease.

In the post-genomic era, the data provided by complete genome sequencing could not answer several fundamental questions about the causes of many noninfectious diseases, diagnostic biomarkers, and novel therapeutic approaches. The rapidly expanding understanding of epigenetic mechanisms, as well as widespread acceptance of their hypothesized role in disease induction, facilitated the development of a number of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic concepts. Epigenetic aberrations are reversible in nature, which enables the treatment of serious incurable diseases.

Long-Term Results of Microsurgical Brachial Plexus Reconstruction in Late-Presenting Cases of Brachial Plexus Birth Injury.

Purpose: The role of primary surgery in delayed presenting cases of brachial plexus birth injury is still debated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of brachial plexus reconstruction performed at the age of ≥12 months.

Methods: Twenty-nine cases were included.

Future regenerative medicine developments and their therapeutic applications.

Although the currently available pharmacological assays can cure most pathological disorders, they have limited therapeutic value in relieving certain disorders like myocardial infarct, peripheral vascular disease, amputated limbs, or organ failure (e.g. renal failure).

Impact of COVID-19 on endoscopic follow-up of gastroesophageal varices.

Background: Portal hypertension is considered as a major complication of liver cirrhosis. Endoscopy plays a main role in managing of gastrointestinal complications of portal hypertension. Endoscopists are at increased risk for COVID-19 infection because upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a high-risk aerosol-generating procedure and may be a potential route for COVID-19.

Clinical study on the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination in hepatitis C virus related chronic liver diseases in Egypt.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) infections represent significant public health issues internationally. HBV vaccination has high sero-conversion rates in patients with mild to moderate chronic liver disease but has reduced efficacy in advanced stages.

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination in HCV-related chronic liver disease and identify possible factors that may contribute to hypo-responsiveness in those patients.

COVID-19 in Cirrhotic Patients: Is Portal Vein Thrombosis a Potential Complication?

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated that thromboembolic events increased in patients with coronavirus infection, usually occurring in elderly patients with severe illness, associated with comorbid diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare venous thromboembolic disease occurring typically in patients with an underlying disease such as decompensated cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Aim: To evaluate incidence of occurrence of acute PVT in cirrhotic patients infected with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Isotretinoin Induced Hyperlipidemia and Impact of Leptin Gene 7799039 Polymorphism in Safety of Acne Patients.

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the pilosebaceous unit. Leptin (LEP) gene polymorphisms is associated with higher risk of multiple disorders. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) exerts comedogenic effect by stimulating the sebaceous glands.

Selective IgA Deficiency a Probable Risk of Recurrent Chest Infections in Asthmatics.

Background: Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is characterized by a high incidence of both recurrent infections and atopic diseases. Asthma is one of the most common lung diseases affecting around 300 million people worldwide and is associated with risk of serious pneumococcal disease and microbial infections. Multiple studies have attributed this to impaired innate and adaptive immunity in asthmatics.

Association of interleukin-2, interleukin-21 and interleukin-23 with hyperlipidemia in pediatric type 1 diabetes.

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), cytokines have a central role in orchestrating multicellular relations between β-cells and immune cells. This study aims to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-21, IL-23, and IL-2, and their association with dyslipidemia in T1DM children.

Methods: The sample population consisted of 30 healthy controls and 70 children with T1DM, the latter of which were split into two groups according to the duration of their T1DM diagnosis: recent (≤ 1 year; n = 21) and older (> 1 year; n = 49) diagnoses.

Microbiota and epigenetics: promising therapeutic approaches?

The direct/indirect responsibility of the gut microbiome in disease induction in and outside the digestive tract is well studied. These results are usually from the overpopulation of certain species on the cost of others, interaction with beneficial microflora, interference with normal epigenetic control mechanisms, or suppression of the immune system. Consequently, it is theoretically possible to cure such disorders by rebalancing the microbiome inside our bodies.

Microbiota's role in health and diseases.

The microbiome is a term that usually refers to the community of various microorganisms that inhabit/live inside human/animal bodies or on their skin. It forms a complex ecosystem that includes trillions of commensals, symbiotics, and even pathogenic microorganisms. The external environment, diet, and lifestyle are the major determinants influencing the microbiome's composition and vitality.

The link among microbiota, epigenetics, and disease development.

The microbiome is a community of various microorganisms that inhabit or live on the skin of humans/animals, sharing the body space with their hosts. It is a sort of complex ecosystem of trillions of commensals, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms, including trillions of bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. The microbiota plays a role in the health and disease status of the host.