Study of peak shape and efficiency in butyl acrylate-based monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography.

The study and modelling peak shape of in capillary electrochromatography (CEC), obtained using butyl acrylate (BA)-based monolithic columns, is described in this article. A modified-Gaussian model, which is a function of conventional experimental parameters: retention time (t(R)), peak height (H(0)) and standard deviation (sigma(0)) at the peak maximum, and left (A) and right (B) halfwidths, was used to describe the peaks of thiourea and several polyaromatic hydrocarbons compounds, which were eluted under several applied voltages. A mean relative error below 2% in the prediction of peak shape is obtained.

Comparison of thermal- and photo-polymerization of lauryl methacrylate monolithic columns for CEC.

Lauryl methacrylate-based (LMA) monolithic columns for CEC, prepared using either thermal initiation or by UV-irradiation in the presence of AIBN have been compared. Thermal polymerization was carried out at 70 degrees C for 20 h. For UV initiation, the effects of the time exposure to UV light and irradiation energy were investigated.

Chemical initiation for butyl and lauryl acrylate monolithic columns for CEC.

Butyl acrylate (BA)- and lauryl acrylate (LA)-based monolithic stationary phases for CEC were synthesized, using a redox system as initiator of polymerization. BA monoliths were initiated with ammonium peroxodisulfate, whereas LA columns were obtained with lauroyl peroxide as initiator. In both cases, TEMED was used to activate the process.

CEC column behaviour of butyl and lauryl methacrylate monoliths prepared in non-aqueous media.

Polymeric monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography were prepared using two bulk monomers, butyl methacrylate (BMA) and lauryl methacrylate (LMA), by in situ polymerization in non-aqueous media. The effect of 1,4-butanediol/1-propanol ratio on porous properties was investigated separately for each monomer, keeping the proportion of monomers to pore-forming solvents fixed at 40:60 wt:wt. Also, mixtures of BMA and LMA at different 1,4-butanediol/1-propanol ratios were studied for tailoring the morphological features of the monolithic columns.

Lauroyl peroxide as thermal initiator of lauryl methacrylate monolithic columns for CEC.

The preparation of lauryl methacrylate (LMA)-based monolithic columns for CEC using lauroyl peroxide (LPO) as thermal initiator of polymerization has been investigated. The influence of initiator amount and composition of porogenic solvent on the physical and electrochromatographic properties of the resulting LMA-based monoliths was evaluated. A comparison with LMA-based columns thermally polymerized with AIBN was performed.

Preparation and evaluation of butyl acrylate-based monolithic columns for CEC using ammonium peroxodisulfate as a chemical initiator.

Acrylate-ester-based monoliths for CEC using peroxodisulfate as a chemical initiator were prepared. The influence of two ternary porogenic solvents on the physical and chromatographic properties of butyl acrylate monolithic stationary phases was investigated. The composition and the ratio of porogenic solvent were adjusted to obtain highly permeable rigid monoliths with adequate column efficiency.

Preparation and characterization of hexyl methacrylate monolithic columns for CEC.

The preparation of hexyl methacrylate (HMA) monolithic columns for CEC separations has been investigated with two initiation systems: (i) ammonium peroxodisulphate and TEMED to activate the polymerization reaction, and (ii) by thermal initiation with AIBN. For both initiators, the influence of composition of porogenic solvent on morphological and chromatographic properties of monoliths was investigated. Two porogenic solvent systems, aqueous and non-aqueous media, were also studied for monolithic beds polymerized with AIBN.

Peroxodisulfate as a chemical initiator for methacrylate-ester monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography.

Organic monolithic stationary phases for CEC were synthesized in situ in fused-silica capillaries. Polymerization mixtures were composed of butyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate, and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride in the presence of a porogenic solvent, using ammonium peroxodisulfate as chemical initiator, and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine to activate the reaction. The influence of the amount of initiator, temperature, and composition of porogenic solvent on the physical and chromatographic properties of monolithic stationary phases has been investigated.