Physiologic Pulmonary Phenotyping of Infants Born Preterm and Post-Discharge Respiratory Morbidity.

Objectives: To determine whether airway and parenchymal function identifies subgroups of infants born preterm according to the predominant pulmonary pathophysiology, and whether these subgroups have different risks for respiratory disease during infancy.

Study Design: We prospectively enrolled a cohort of 125 infants born preterm with planned clinical follow-up after NICU discharge. The study included monthly questionnaires for wheeze and visits to a physician or care provider for any respiratory illness.

COVID-19 venous thromboembolism prophylaxis guidelines in pediatrics.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) are risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Guidelines for VTE prophylaxis were established at our institution at the beginning of the pandemic. Patients who had any VTE risk factors in addition to COVID-19 met criteria for anticoagulation prophylaxis.

Recommended protocols for the Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test in children: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.

Unlabelled: The American Academy of Sleep Medicine commissioned a task force of clinical experts in pediatric sleep medicine to review published literature on performing the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test for diagnosis and management of central disorders of hypersomnolence among children and adolescents. This paper follows a format similar to that of the paper "Recommended protocols for the Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test in adults: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine" that was published in 2021. Since there is insufficient evidence to specify a recommended protocol for the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test in children and adolescents, this paper focuses only on the MSLT protocol.

Later Onset Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare disorder of the autonomic nervous system involving multiple organ systems, with the hallmark symptom of respiratory failure due to aberrant central control of breathing resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Later onset CCHS (LOCCHS) is defined as the diagnosis of CCHS in children older than 1 month. Molecular genetic testing for PHOX2B variants has led not only to increased diagnosis of neonates with CCHS but also the increased identification of older children, adolescents, and adults with LOCCHS who may have a milder clinical presentation of this multisystem disease.

Management and outcomes in secondary diabetes among pediatric patients hospitalized with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Objectives: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disorder marked by massive cytokine release from macrophage and T-cell activation. Hallmarks include fever, splenomegaly, cytopenias, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogemia, and elevations in ferritin and soluble IL-2 receptor. Given the association of HLH with inflammation and glucocorticoid therapy, the development of hyperglycemia is not unexpected.

Mis-mappings between a producer's quantitative test codes and LOINC codes and an algorithm for correcting them.

Objectives: To access the accuracy of the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) mapping to local laboratory test codes that is crucial to data integration across time and healthcare systems.

Materials And Methods: We used software tools and manual reviews to estimate the rate of LOINC mapping errors among 179 million mapped test results from 2 DataMarts in PCORnet. We separately reported unweighted and weighted mapping error rates, overall and by parts of the LOINC term.

Age and weight considerations for the use of continuous positive airway pressure therapy in pediatric populations: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement.

Unlabelled: This position statement provides guidance for age and weight considerations for using continuous positive airway pressure therapy in pediatric populations. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine commissioned a task force of experts in pediatric sleep medicine to review the medical literature and develop a position statement based on a thorough review of these studies and their clinical expertise. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine Board of Directors approved the final position statement.

vertebral discitis/osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent adult: Case report and literature review.

is a gram-positive, pleomorphic bacteria forming part of human oral microflora usually only causing periodontal and dental infections. We describe the case of a 68-year-old immunocompetent male with lumbar vertebral discitis/osteomyelitis caused by . A review of the literature demonstrated seventeen cases of non-dental infection of which only six were in immunocompetent individuals.

Transverse Weber A fracture atrophic non-union. A single centre case series.

Introduction: Weber A ankle fractures are isolated fibula fractures distal to the level of the ankle joint line. They are regarded as stable injuries that usually heal successfully without intervention. We have identified several patients that have developed symptomatic atrophic non-union of transverse Weber A fractures that are not simple avulsion fractures of the anterior talo-fibular ligament.

A method for prioritizing risk groups for early SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination, By the Numbers.

Background: Given the limited supply of two COVID-19 vaccines, it will be important to choose which risk groups to prioritize for vaccination in order to get the most health benefits from that supply.

Method: In order to help decide how to get the maximum health yield from this limited supply, we implemented a logistic regression model to predict COVID-19 death risk by age, race, and sex and did the same to predict COVID-19 case risk.

Results: Our predictive model ranked all demographic groups by COVID-19 death risk.

UMLS users and uses: a current overview.

The US National Library of Medicine regularly collects summary data on direct use of Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) resources. The summary data sources include UMLS user registration data, required annual reports submitted by registered users, and statistics on downloads and application programming interface calls. In 2019, the National Library of Medicine analyzed the summary data on 2018 UMLS use.

Primary tracheocutaneous fistula closure with immediate transition to nocturnal noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in two children with Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome.

Transitioning children with Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) from nocturnal invasive ventilation via tracheostomy to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is challenging due to the leak caused by the tracheocutaneous fistula (TCF), resulting in insufficient ventilation. Decannulation and primary closure of the TCF with immediate transition to nocturnal NIPPV was performed in two children with CCHS at a tertiary care children's hospital. Neither child developed significant adverse effects such as pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax.

Field Application of Digital Technologies for Health Assessment in the 10,000 Families Study.

Background: We field tested new-to-market portable, digital applications to assess hearing, pulmonary, and cognitive function to determine the feasibility of implementing these applications across a range of age groups in the pilot phase of the 10,000 Families Study (10KFS), a new Minnesota family-based prospective cohort study.

Methods: We followed manufacturer recommended protocols for audiometry (SHOEBOX Inc), spirometry (NuvoAir), and the digital clock drawing test (dCDT; Digital Cognition Technologies Inc).

Results: These digital devices were low cost and readily implemented in a 2.

Announcing the 's data sharing policy.

As librarians are generally advocates of open access and data sharing, it is a bit surprising that peer-reviewed journals in the field of librarianship have been slow to adopt data sharing policies. Starting October 1, 2019, the is taking a step forward and implementing a firm data sharing policy to increase the rigor and reproducibility of published research, enable data reuse, and promote open science. This editorial explains the data sharing policy, describes how compliance with the policy will fit into the journal's workflow, and provides further guidance for preparing for data sharing.

Analyzing Real-World Use of Research Common Data Elements.

Common Data Elements (CDEs) are defined as "data elements that are common to multiple data sets across different studies" and provide structured, standardized definitions so that data may be collected and used across different datasets. CDE collections are traditionally developed prospectively by subject-matter and domain experts. However, there has been little systematic research and evidence to demonstrate how CDEs are used in real-world datasets and the subsequent impact on data discoverability.

Primary thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized children: A multi-center retrospective analysis.

Background/objectives: Hospital acquired venous thromboembolism in children is associated with significant morbidity/mortality. Prevention strategies include sequential compression devices and prophylactic anticoagulation but these interventions carry risk and are poorly studied in children. Objectives were to evaluate primary thromboprophylaxis use in hospitalized children over time and the associated bleeding risk.

ASK1 inhibitor treatment suppresses p38/JNK signalling with reduced kidney inflammation and fibrosis in rat crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) is prominent in human crescentic glomerulonephritis. p38 and JNK inhibitors suppress crescentic disease in animal models; however, the upstream mechanisms inducing activation of these kinases in crescentic glomerulonephritis are unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1/MAP3K5) promote p38/JNK activation and renal injury in models of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN); acute glomerular injury in SD rats, and crescentic disease in WKY rats.

Practicing what we preach: developing a data sharing policy for the .

Providing access to the data underlying research results in published literature allows others to reproduce those results or analyze the data in new ways. Health sciences librarians and information professionals have long been advocates of data sharing. It is time for us to practice what we preach and share the data associated with our published research.