Lactate Monitoring in Intensive Care: A Comprehensive Review of Its Utility and Interpretation.

Lactate monitoring is critical in managing critically ill patients in intensive care settings. Elevated lactate levels often signify underlying metabolic disturbances such as tissue hypoxia, anaerobic metabolism, or impaired lactate clearance, which are prevalent in conditions like sepsis, shock, and trauma. Understanding the physiological basis of lactate production and its significance in clinical practice is essential for interpreting its diagnostic and prognostic value.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Bedside Abdominal Ultrasound Findings as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Tool in Dengue Fever in Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, India.

Background Dengue fever poses a significant health burden globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Early diagnosis and effective management are crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Bedside abdominal ultrasound has emerged as a promising tool for assessing dengue patients, providing real-time imaging of abdominal organs, and aiding clinical decision-making.

A Comparative Study Between Intravenous Esmolol and Oral Clonidine in Attenuating Hyperdynamic Cardiovascular Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation.

Background In today's era of anesthesia, balanced anesthesia is the main basis of patient care and pain management. Of all the medications given during general anesthesia, premedication, induction agents, and muscle relaxants play a major role in keeping the hemodynamics properly under control. When laryngoscopy is performed to intubate, a pain stimulus will be generated, leading to a rise in blood pressure and heart rate.

Morel-Lavallee Lesion Associated With Rhabdomyolysis in Polytrauma.

We describe the case of a 30-year-old man who allegedly had a history of road traffic accidents. While walking on the road, he was hit by a truck. He presented with complaints of facial injuries and being unable to move his right lower limb.

A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Biomarkers in the Early Detection of Endocrine Disorders in Critical Illnesses.

Endocrine disorders pose significant challenges in the management of critically ill patients, contributing to morbidity and mortality in intensive care settings. Timely detection of these disorders is essential to optimizing patient outcomes. Biomarkers, as measurable indicators of biological processes or disease states, play a crucial role in the early identification and monitoring of endocrine dysfunction.

Cervical Epidural Anesthesia in the Management of a Patient With Breast Cancer With Cardiac Dysfunction: A Case Report.

As one of the most common cancers in the world, breast cancer management is fraught with difficulties. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is one of the surgical procedures that is essential to the treatment of breast cancer. Cardiovascular issues, especially a reduced ejection fraction (EF), make these procedures more complex.

Mobilizing Progress: A Comprehensive Review of the Efficacy of Early Mobilization Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit.

Early mobilization therapy has emerged as a crucial aspect of intensive care unit (ICU) management, aiming to counteract the detrimental effects of prolonged immobility in critically ill patients. This comprehensive review examines the efficacy of early mobilization therapy in the ICU setting, synthesizing evidence from clinical trials, meta-analyses, and guidelines. Key findings indicate that early mobilization is associated with numerous benefits, including reduced muscle weakness, a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, decreased ICU and hospital length of stay, and improved functional outcomes.

Recent Advances in Immunomodulatory Therapy in Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review.

Sepsis remains a critical healthcare challenge, characterized by dysregulated immune responses to infection, leading to organ dysfunction and high mortality rates. Traditional treatment strategies often fail to address the underlying immune dysregulation, necessitating exploring novel therapeutic approaches. Immunomodulatory therapy holds promise in sepsis management by restoring immune balance and mitigating excessive inflammation.

Myocardial Injury as a Harbinger of Multi-organ Failure in Septic Shock: A Comprehensive Review.

Myocardial injury in the context of septic shock presents a multifaceted challenge in critical care medicine with implications for patient prognosis and therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and clinical implications of myocardial injury as a harbinger of multi-organ failure in septic shock. We delineate the pathophysiological processes underlying myocardial injury, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and microcirculatory dysfunction, and discuss the diagnostic utility of cardiac biomarkers and imaging modalities in identifying myocardial injury.

Efficacy and Safety of Cryoablation Compared with Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation of Genicular Nerves in Advanced Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Study Protocol of Single-Centric, Assessor-Blinded, Randomized, Parallel-Group, Non-inferiority Study.

Purpose: In patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis knee (OAK), cryoneurolysis (CRYO) and cooled radiofrequency ablation (C-RFA) are reported to be effective and safe; however, they have not been compared directly. The objective of this study is to compare CRYO and C-RFA of the genicular nerve (GN) in terms of efficacy and safety profile in patients with Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade ≥ 3 OAK.

Methods: This single-centric, assessor-blinded, randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority study will include 80 patients with KL grade ≥ 3 OAK.

Intubation in a Case of Ectodermal Dysplasia During Surgery: A Case Report.

Ectodermal dysplasia, a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders, is characterized by the aberrant development of ectodermal structures, leading to various clinical anomalies. This case report presents a unique and challenging case of a 33-year-old male with ectodermal dysplasia who underwent Le Fort III advancement and implant rehabilitation surgery to address severe craniofacial and dental deficiencies. This case, characterized by facial dysmorphism, craniofacial anomalies, and the absence of a nasal bone, highlights the complexity of surgical planning required to address these diverse clinical features.

Revolutionizing Patient Care: A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Anesthesia.

This review explores the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and anesthesia, examining its transformative impact on patient care across various phases. Beginning with a historical overview of anesthesia, we highlight the critical role of technological advancements in ensuring optimal patient outcomes. The emergence of AI in healthcare sets the stage for a comprehensive analysis of its applications in anesthesia.

Anesthetic and Airway Management in a Case of Surgical Excision of Recurrent Buccal Hemangioma.

Difficult airway is one of the challenges trained anesthesiologists face in their life. Induction of general anesthesia in a patient with a compromised airway has always caused a dilemma for anesthesiologists. Challenges were more in this case of buccal hemangioma as its bleeding tendency makes it a challenging job.

Continuous Spinal Anesthesia Technique After Accidental Dural Puncture.

Continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA) is a mode of anesthesia and analgesia that has various therapeutic advantages. CSA allows the anesthesiologist to titrate tiny doses of a local anesthetic to achieve the desired degree of spinal anesthesia. The duration can be extended to accommodate the demands of the protracted operation.

Anesthetic Management in a Post-COVID Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelet Count (HELLP) Patient in Rural Central India: A Close Shave.

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is a dangerous complication of pregnancy amounting to significant mortality and morbidity. While conducting a cesarean delivery for such cases special care and consideration have to be taken in order to prevent maternal mortality. Thrombocytopenia is a significant abnormality that has to be weighed before induction in cases of HELLP syndrome with no clear cut-off value for the administration of neuraxial anesthesia.

Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal Airway to Facilitate Nasotracheal Intubation.

Background And Aims: Nasotracheal intubation is the most common method of airway management in oral and maxillofacial surgery patients. However, many times, it is associated with bleeding resulting from trauma to nasopharyngeal mucosa. We conducted this study to determine the effectiveness of nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) to easily facilitate the nasopharyngeal insertion and to reduce the trauma during nasotracheal intubation.

Comparison of Inhalational Vital Capacity Induction with Sevoflurane to Intravenous Induction with Propofol for Insertion of Laryngeal Mask Airway in Adults: A Randomized Study.

Background: Since the development of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) by Dr. Brain, it is extensively used for airway management; satisfactory insertion of LMA requires administration of an induction agent and suppression of airway reflexes. Among intravenous agents, propofol has been the drug of choice in view of better safety profile, relaxation and depression of upper airway reflexes.