Exploring antiurolithic effects of gokshuradi polyherbal ayurvedic formulation in ethylene-glycol-induced urolithic rats.

Gokshuradi Yog (GY) is a polyherbal ayurvedic formulation used traditionally for several decades in India for the treatment of urolithiasis. The aim of the present study was to determine the underlying mechanism of GY action in the management of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. The effect of Gokshuradi polyherbal aqueous extracts (GPAEs) was studied on various biochemical parameters involved in calcium oxalate formation by employing in vitro and in vivo methods.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of aminopyrimidine derivatives as urease inhibitors and antimicrobial agents.

A novel series of carbazole substituted aminopyrimidines (5a-p) were synthesized and screened for their in vitro urease inhibition and antimicrobial activity. Among the compounds, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-(9-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-pyrimidin-2-amine (5i) was found to be the most potent showing urease inhibitory activity with an IC50 value 19.4 ± 0.

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of N-{3-[3-(9-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-acryloyl]-phenyl}-benzamide/amide derivatives as xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase inhibitors.

Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 3-formyl-9-methylcarbazole with various amides of 3-aminoacetophenone afforded N-{3-[3-(9-methyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-acryloyl]-phenyl}-benzamide/amide derivatives. All compounds were investigated for their in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO), tyrosinase and melanin production inhibitory activity. Most of the target compounds had more potent XO inhibitory activity than the standard drug (IC(50) = 4.