Andrographolide demonstrates anti-proliferative activity in oral cancer by promoting apoptosis, the programmed cell death process.

Objectives: Andrographolide has been studied on different types of human cancer cells, but very few studies have been conducted on oral cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of Andrographolide on an oral cancer cell line (KB) through network analysis and assays.

Materials And Methods: The analysis involved the determination of drug-likeness prediction, prediction of common targets between oral cancer and andrographolide, Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI), hub genes, top 10 associated pathways by Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, gene ontology (GO), and molecular docking experiments.

Coordination Environment and Distance Optimization of Dual Single Atoms on Fluorine-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Chlorine Evolution Reaction.

The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a crucial anode reaction in the chlor-alkali industrial process. Precious metal-based dimensionally stable anodes (DSA) are commonly used as catalysts for CER but are constrained by their high cost and low selectivity. Herein, a Pt dual singe-atom catalyst (DSAC) dispersed on fluorine-doped carbon nanotubes (F-CNTs) is designed for an efficient and robust CER process.

Oxidative hydrolysis of aliphatic bromoalkenes: scope study and reactivity insights.

We have developed an operationally simple method for the synthesis of dialkyl α-bromoketones from bromoalkenes by utilizing a hypervalent iodine-catalyzed oxidative hydrolysis reaction. This catalytic process provides both symmetrical and unsymmetrical dialkyl bromoketones with moderate yields across a broad range of bromoalkene substrates. Our studies also reveal the formation of Ritter-type side products by an alternative reaction pathway.

Studies on pollen micro-morphology, pollen storage methods, and cross-compatibility among grape ( spp.) genotypes.

The knowledge of pollen morphology, suitable storage condition, and species compatibility is vital for a successful grapevine improvement programme. Ten grape genotypes from three different species, , L., Roxb.

Salacia spp.: recent insights on biotechnological interventions and future perspectives.

The plants of the genus Salacia L. are the storehouse of several bioactive compounds, and are involved in treating human diseases and disorders. Hitherto, a number of reports have been published on in vitro biotechnology as well as microbial involvement in the improvement of Salacia spp.

Insight into Controllable Metal-Support Interactions in Metal/Metal Electrocatalysts for Efficient Energy-Saving Hydrogen Production.

Controllable metal-support interaction (MSI) modulations have long been studied for improving the performance of catalysts supported on metal oxides. However, the corresponding in-depth study for metal-metal (M-M) composited configurations is rarely achieved due to the lack of reliable models and manipulation mechanisms of MSI modifications. We modeled ruthenium on copper support (Ru-Cu) metal catalysts with negligible interfacial contact potential (e0.

Unlocking secrets of nature's chemists: Potential of CRISPR/Cas-based tools in plant metabolic engineering for customized nutraceutical and medicinal profiles.

Plant species have evolved diverse metabolic pathways to effectively respond to internal and external signals throughout their life cycle, allowing adaptation to their sessile and phototropic nature. These pathways selectively activate specific metabolic processes, producing plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) governed by genetic and environmental factors. Humans have utilized PSM-enriched plant sources for millennia in medicine and nutraceuticals.

Synthesis of Indoles Using the Electrophilic Potential of Diazirines.

The electrophilic potential of diazirines has been utilized to obtain -substituted diaziridines that are directly hydrolyzed to produce monosubstituted hydrazines. The hydrazines can undergo the Fisher process with enolizable carbonyls to yield multiple indole derivatives in moderate to high yields. The -metalated diaziridine intermediates can undergo isomerization prior to electrophilic substitution, to form ,-disubstituted hydrazones.

Biomimetic Catalytic Retro-Aldol Reaction Using a Cation-Binding Catalyst: A Promising Route to Axially Chiral Biaryl Aldehydes.

Here we describe a biomimetic catalytic retro-aldol reaction of racemic α-substituted β-hydroxy ketones utilizing a chiral oligoEG cation-binding catalyst as a type-II aldolase mimic. Our investigation of various aldol substrates has demonstrated that our biomimetic retro-aldol protocol enables rapid access to highly enantiomerically enriched aldols with a selectivity factor () of up to 70. Additionally, we have demonstrated the synthetic strategy's feasibility for accessing diverse and valuable axially chiral aldehydes.

Unveiling the Protonation Kinetics-Dependent Selectivity in Nitrogen Electroreduction: Achieving 75.05 % Selectivity.

While higher selectivity of nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia (NH ) is always achieved in alkali, the selectivity dependence on nitrogen (N ) protonation and mechanisms therein are unrevealed. Herein, we profile how the NRR selectivity theoretically relies upon the first protonation that is collectively regulated by proton (H) abundance and adsorption-desorption, along with intermediate-*NNH formation. By incorporating electronic metal modulators (M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) in nitrogenase-imitated model-iron polysulfide (FeSx), a series of FeMSx catalysts with tailorable protonation kinetics are obtained.

Efficient Nitrate Conversion to Ammonia on f-Block Single-Atom/Metal Oxide Heterostructure Local Electron-Deficiency Modulation.

Exploring single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO; NitRR) to value-added ammonia (NH) offers a sustainable alternative to both the Haber-Bosch process and NO-rich wastewater treatment. However, due to the insufficient electron deficiency and unfavorable electronic structure of SACs, resulting in poor NO-adsorption, sluggish proton (H*) transfer kinetics, and preferred hydrogen evolution, their NO-to-NH selectivity and yield rate are far from satisfactory. Herein, a systematic theoretical prediction reveals that the local electron deficiency of an -block Gd single atom (Gd) can be significantly regulated upon coordination with oxygen-defect-rich NiO (Gd-D-NiO) support.

Impact of COVID-19 response on public health literacy and communication.

With unaddressed challenges of pandemic with re-emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) waves, public health literacy and communication have proved to be a prerequisite for effective communication as part of the control strategy. Hence this article addressed the impact of COVID-19 response policies on public health literacy. Considering the rapid transmission of COVID-19, taking lives needs urgent attention from the population›s perspective to be more vigilant about health information and incorporate that into their daily routines.

Unraveling the Function of Metal-Amorphous Support Interactions in Single-Atom Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Amorphization of the support in single-atom catalysts is a less researched concept for promoting catalytic kinetics through modulating the metal-support interaction (MSI). We modeled single-atom ruthenium (Ru ) supported on amorphous cobalt/nickel (oxy)hydroxide (Ru-a-CoNi) to explore the favorable MSI between Ru and the amorphous skeleton for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Differing from the usual crystal counterpart (Ru-c-CoNi), the electrons on Ru are facilitated to exchange among local configurations (Ru-O-Co/Ni) of Ru-a-CoNi since the flexibly amorphous configuration induces the possible d-d electron transfer and medium-to-long range p-π orbital coupling, further intensifying the MSI.

Moving beyond bimetallic-alloy to single-atom dimer atomic-interface for all-pH hydrogen evolution.

Single-atom-catalysts (SACs) afford a fascinating activity with respect to other nanomaterials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), yet the simplicity of single-atom center limits its further modification and utilization. Obtaining bimetallic single-atom-dimer (SAD) structures can reform the electronic structure of SACs with added atomic-level synergistic effect, further improving HER kinetics beyond SACs. However, the synthesis and identification of such SAD structure remains conceptually challenging.

Cooperative Asymmetric Cation-Binding Catalysis.

Asymmetric cation-binding catalysis in principle enables the use of (alkali) metal salts, otherwise insoluble in organic solvents, as reagents and effectors in enantioselective reactions. However, this concept has been a formidable challenge due to the difficulties associated with creating a highly organized chiral environment for cations and anions simultaneously. Over the last four decades, various chiral crown ethers have been developed as cation-binding phase-transfer catalysts and examined in asymmetric catalysis.

Unraveling the Synergy of Chemical Hydroxylation and the Physical Heterointerface upon Improving the Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics.

Efficient transition metal oxide electrocatalysts for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) have received intensive attention to energy conversion but are limited by their sluggish water dissociation and unfavorable hydrogen migration and coupling. Herein, systematic density functional theory (DFT) predicts that on representative NiO, the hydroxylation (OH) and heterointerface coupled with metallic Cu can respectively reduce the energy barrier of water dissociation and facilitate hydrogen spillover. Motivated by theoretical predictions, we subtly designed a delicate strategy to realize the electrochemical OH modification in KOH with moderate concentration (HO-NiO) and to channel rapid hydrogen spillover at the heterointerface of HO-NiO and Cu, ensuring an enhanced HER kinetic.

Timing of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Mortality among Patients with Severe COVID-19-associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) (CARDS) pneumonitis presents a clinical challenge as regards to the timing of intubation and ambiguity of outcome. There is a lack of clear consensus on when to switch patients from trials of noninvasive therapies to invasive mechanical ventilation. We investigated the effect of the timing of intubation from the time of admission on the clinical outcome of CARDS.

Nanoplatform-Integrated Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques: A Critical Review.

Preparation of the biological samples is one of the most critical steps in sample analysis. In past decades, the liquid-liquid extraction technique has been used to extract the desired analytes from complex biological matrices. However, solid-phase extraction (SPE) gained popularity due to versatility, simplicity, selectivity, reproducibility, high sample recovery %, solvent economy, and time-saving nature.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Cycloetherifications Using a Cooperative Cation-Binding Catalyst.

A highly enantioselective cycloetherification strategy for the straightforward synthesis of enantioenriched tetrahydrofurans, tetrahydropyrans, and oxepanes using Song's cation-binding oligoEG catalyst and KF as the base is demonstrated. A wide range of ε-, ζ-, and η-hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated ketones were cyclized to the corresponding five-, six-, and seven-membered chiral oxacycles with high enantiopurity. This remarkably successful catalysis can be ascribed to systematic cooperative cation-binding catalysis in a densely confined supramolecular chiral cage generated in situ from the chiral catalyst, substrate, and KF.

Red Emitting Monoazo Disperse Dyes with Phenyl(1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl) Methanone as Inbuilt Photostabilizing Unit: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Dyeing and DFT Studies.

Synthesis of three novel phenyl(1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)methanone based fluorescent monoazo disperse dyes and their characterization by spectroscopic methods (H NMR, C NMR, IR and MS) are presented. Insertion of phenyl(1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)methanone moiety bring about induced fluorescence properties and enhanced photostability as compared to the previously reported analogues (CI Solvent Yellow 14, 4-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-1-diazobenzene and 7-(diethylamino)-4-hydroxy-3-(phenyldiazenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one). Synthesized phenyl(1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)methanone based dyes exhibited red-shifted absorption maxima (497-516 nm), high molar extinction coefficients and are emitting in the far-red region (565-627 nm).

Risperidone-induced Erythema Multiforme Minor.

Antipsychotic agents are known to cause adverse cutaneous reactions. These are supposedly rare with atypical antipsychotic agents. Adverse dermatologic reactions due to antipsychotic agent risperidone are rarely reported.

Coumarin-Rhodamine Hybrids-Novel Probes for the Optical Measurement of Viscosity and Polarity.

A comprehensive systematic study of absorption and fluorescence properties in solvents of varying viscosity and polarity of three novel and red-emitting coumarin-rhodamine hybrid derivatives with differences in the rigidity of their substituents is presented. This includes ethanol-polyethylene glycol, toluene-polyethylene glycol, and toluene-paraffin mixtures. Moreover, protonation-induced effects on the spectroscopic properties are studied.

NLOphoric 3,6-di(substituted quinoxalin) Carbazoles - Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and DFT Studies.

Synthesis of novel 3,6-di(substituted quinoxalin) carbazole fluorophores by the condensation of 1,1'-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(2-bromoethanone) with methyl, chloro and unsubstituted o-phenylenediamine is presented. Synthesized derivatives are well characterized by H NMR, C NMR, FTIR and Mass spectroscopy. Photophysical studies are carried out using solvents of varying polarities revealed positive solvatochromism and intramolecular charge transfer from carbazole (Donor) to quinoxalin (Acceptor).

Benzophenone based fluorophore for selective detection of Sn ion: Experimental and theoretical study.

Synthesis of novel benzophenone-based chemosensor is presented for the selective sensing of Sn ion. Screening of competitive metal ions was performed by competitive experiments. The specific cation recognition ability of chemosensor towards Sn was investigated by experimental (UV-visible, fluorescence spectroscopy, H NMR, C NMR, FTIR and HRMS) methods and further supported by Density Functional Theory study.