Investigation of Zur-regulated metal transport systems reveals an unexpected role of pyochelin in zinc homeostasis.

Unlabelled: Limiting the availability of transition metals at infection sites serves as a critical defense mechanism employed by the innate immune system to combat microbial infections. exhibits a remarkable ability to thrive in zinc-deficient environments, facilitated by intricate cellular responses governed by numerous genes regulated by the zinc-responsive transcription factor Zur. Many of these genes have unknown functions, including those within the predicted and operons.

Intron retention in PI-PLC γ1 mRNA as a key mechanism affecting MMP expression in human primary fibroblast-like synovial cells.

The intron retention (IR) is a phenomenon utilized by cells to allow diverse fates at the same mRNA, leading to a different pattern of synthesis of the same protein. In this study, we analyzed the modulation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) enzymes by Harpagophytum procumbens extract (HPE) in synoviocytes from joins of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. In some samples, the PI-PLC γ1 isoform mature mRNA showed the IR and, in these synoviocytes, the HPE treatment increased the phenomenon.

Cholestatic HCV Cryoglobulinemia: A New Clinical and Pathological Entity before and after Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapies-A Case-Control Study.

Twenty-nine patients with HCV infection (HCV+) and mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC+) were retrospectively selected and matched for age and sex with 31 HCV+ MC- patients. Biomarkers of cholestasis (direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase), HCV-RNA and genotype, and plasma cryoprecipitates were measured before and after virus eradication; liver histology and plasma cells (aggregation and distribution), observed blinded by two pathologists, were analyzed. Sixty participants (mean age: 56.

H3 K27M mutation in rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

According to the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), diffuse midline glioma H3 K27-altered is a grade 4 infiltrative glioma that arises from midline anatomical structures and is characterized by the loss of H3 K27me3 and co-occurring H3 K27M mutation or EZHIP overexpression. However, the H3 K27M mutation has also been observed in circumscribed gliomas and glioneuronal tumors arising in midline anatomical structures, which may result in diagnostic pitfalls.Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a CNS WHO grade 1 neoplasm that histologically features neurocytic and glial components and originates in midline anatomical structures.

Major Depressive Disorder, Inflammation, and Nutrition: A Tricky Pattern?

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disease associated with inflammation. The Western diet (WD) is a high-fat, high-sugar diet also associated with inflammation. We aimed to show whether the diet of MDD patients was a WD and could act as a risk factor in this context.

Deciphering the Broad Antimicrobial Activity of Tea Tree Oil by Combining Experimental and Computational Investigations.

Tea Tree Oil (TTO) is an essential oil obtained from the distillation of leaves and branches. Due to its beneficial properties, TTO is widely used as an active ingredient in antimicrobial preparations for topical use or in cosmetic products and contains about 100 different compounds, with terpinen-4-ol, γ-terpinene and 1,8-cineole (or eucalyptol) being the molecules most responsible for its biological activities. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of whole TTO and these three major components was evaluated in vitro against fungi, bacteria and viruses.

Transcriptome analysis of primary sporadic neuroendocrine tumours of the intestine identified three different molecular subgroups.

Background: Intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (I-NETs) represent a non-negligible entity among intestinal neoplasms, with metastatic spreading usually present at the time of diagnosis. In this context, effective molecular actionable targets are still lacking. Through transcriptome analysis, we aim at refining the molecular taxonomy of I-NETs, also providing insights towards the identification of new therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle biopsy to assess DAXX/ATRX expression and alternative lengthening of telomeres status in non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background/objectives: Death domain-associated protein (DAXX) and/or α-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) chromatin remodeling genes mutations and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) activation are associated with more aggressive behavior of non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PanNETs). We aimed to evaluate the reliability of such markers on endoscopic-ultrasound fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) specimens.

Methods: Patients who underwent EUS-FNB and subsequent surgical resection for PanNETs between January 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively identified.

Atypical meningiomas with an immunohistochemical profile consistent with hypermetabolic or proliferative molecular groups show high mitotic index, chromosomal instability, and higher recurrence risk.

The use of adjuvant radiotherapy is controversial for atypical meningiomas undergoing gross total resection. It has recently been proposed that meningiomas may be classified into four molecular groups (MG): immunogenic (MG1), benign NF2-wildtype (MG2), hypermetabolic (MG3), and proliferative (MG4). The two latter have the worst prognosis, and it has been suggested that they can be identified using ACADL and MCM2 immunostainings.

The Formulation of the N-Acetylglucosamine as Nanoparticles Increases Its Anti-Inflammatory Activities: An In Vitro Study.

Nanomedicine can represent a new strategy to treat several types of diseases such as those with inflammatory aetiology. Through this strategy, it is possible to obtain nanoparticles with controlled shape, size, and eventually surface charge. Moreover, the use of molecules in nanoform may allow more effective delivery into the diseased cells and tissues, reducing toxicity and side effects of the used compounds.

Localized Infections with Strains Defective in Zinc Uptake Reveal That Zebrafish Embryos Recapitulate Nutritional Immunity Responses of Higher Eukaryotes.

The innate immune responses of mammals to microbial infections include strategies based on manipulating the local concentration of metals such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), commonly described as nutritional immunity. To evaluate whether these strategies are also present in zebrafish embryos, we have conducted a series of heart cavity-localized infection experiments with strains characterized by a different ability to acquire Zn. We have found that, 48 h after infection, the bacterial strains lacking critical components of the Zn importers ZnuABC and ZrmABCD have a reduced colonization capacity compared to the wild-type strain.

IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas: tips and tricks in the era of genomic tumor classification.

According to the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification, diffuse gliomas typically occurring in adults are classified as oligodendroglioma IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted, astrocytoma IDH-mutant, and glioblastoma IDH-wildtype. Among these, the former has the most favorable clinical course, whereas the latter has the worst prognosis. In IDH-mutant gliomas, the IDH1 p.

Nutraceuticals and the Network of Obesity Modulators.

Obesity is considered an increasingly widespread disease in the world population, regardless of age and gender. Genetic but also lifestyle-dependent causes have been identified. Nutrition and physical exercise play an important role, especially in non-genetic obesity.

Impairment of the Zn/Cd detoxification systems affects the ability of to colonize .

capacity to colonize different environments depends on its ability to respond efficiently to fluctuations in micronutrient availability. Among micronutrients, Zn, besides playing an essential role in bacterial physiology, is a key element whose concentration can influence bacterial survival in a particular niche. Plant colonization by was described for several years, and some molecular determinants involved in this host-pathogen interaction have started to be characterized.

H3K27me3 Immunohistochemical Loss Predicts Lower Response to Neo-Adjuvant Chemo-Radiotherapy in Rectal Carcinoma.

A watch-and-wait approach was suggested to avoid the possible complications related to surgery in patients with rectal carcinoma showing clinical complete response after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). Since clinical response may not correlate with pathological response, markers with higher accuracy are needed to identify patients who are likely responders and could be spared surgery. This study aims to assess whether H3K27me3 immunohistochemical expression in pre-treatment rectal carcinoma predicts response to neoadjuvant CRT or shows prognostic relevance.

Risk factors of extraneural spreading in astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas in donors with gliomas: A systematic review.

Background: Patients with a history of primary brain tumors can be eligible for organ donation under extended criteria. The risk assessment of tumor transmission organ transplant in primary brain tumors is primarily based on the assessment of tumor histotype and grade. Previous surgeries, chemo-/radiotherapy, and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt placement can lead to a disruption of the blood-brain barrier, concurring to an increase in the transmission risk.

Zinc-binding metallophores protect Pseudomonas aeruginosa from calprotectin-mediated metal starvation.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to exhibit considerable resistance to the antimicrobial activity of the metal-sequestering protein calprotectin (CP). In this study, we demonstrate that although CP induces zinc deficiency in P. aeruginosa, a strain unable to import zinc through the two most important metal acquisition systems, namely ZnuABC and ZrmABCD, maintains significant growth capacity in the presence of high concentrations of CP.

New Insights into the Role of Metals in Host-Pathogen Interactions.

Almost eighty years have passed since the publication of the studies by Arthur Schade and Leona Caroline, which we can consider as the first investigations that began to disclose the importance of metals in host-pathogen interactions [...

Validation of a Novel Three-Dimensional () Gross Sampling Protocol for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma to Overcome Intratumoral Heterogeneity: The Meet-Uro 18 Study.

We aimed to overcome intratumoral heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (clearRCC). One hundred cases of clearRCC were sampled. First, usual standard sampling was applied (1 block/cm of tumor); second, the whole tumor was sampled, and 0.

Root Extract Mediates Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Osteoarthritis Synoviocytes through CB2 Activation.

The endocannabinoid system is involved in the nociceptive and anti-inflammatory pathways, and a lowered expression of CB2 receptors has been associated with inflammatory conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA). This suggests that CB2 modulators could be novel therapeutic tools to treat OA. In the present study, the involvement of root extract, a common ingredient of nutraceuticals used to treat joint disorders, in CB2 modulation has been evaluated.

Surgical treatment of ductal biliary recurrence of poorly cohesive gastric cancer mimicking primary biliary tract cancer: a case report.

Ductal biliary recurrence of cancers arising in other anatomical districts is a rare event, usually observed in the setting of disseminated disease; hence surgery is rarely a viable option. We present the case of a 56-year-old male who underwent subtotal gastric resection 7 years earlier for a poorly cohesive gastric cancer, presenting with obstructive jaundice. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan suggested primary malignant obstruction of the main bile duct.

The Immunohistochemical Loss of H3K27me3 in Intracranial Meningiomas Predicts Shorter Progression-Free Survival after Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

The immunohistochemical loss of histone H3 trimethylated in lysine 27 (H3K27me3) was recently shown to predict recurrence of meningiomas after surgery. However, its association with tumor progression after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is unexplored. To investigate whether H3K27 methylation status may predict progression-free survival (PFS) after SRS, we assessed H3K27me3 immunoexpression in thirty-nine treatment naïve, intracranial, meningiomas, treated with surgery and subsequent SRS for residual (twenty-three cases) or recurrent (sixteen cases) disease.