Contribution of an Artificial Intelligence Tool in the Detection of Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Oncology Assessment Scans.

Introduction: The incidence of venous thromboembolism is estimated to be around 3% of cancer patients. However, a majority of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) can be overlooked by radiologists in asymptomatic patients, performing CT scans for disease surveillance, which may significantly impact the patient's health and management. Routine imaging in oncology is usually reviewed with delayed hours after the acquisition of images.

Liquid Biopsy versus CT: Comparison of Tumor Burden Quantification in 1065 Patients with Metastases.

Background Tumor fraction (TF) at liquid biopsy is a potential noninvasive marker for tumor burden, but validation is needed. Purpose To evaluate TF as a potential surrogate for tumor burden, assessed at contrast-enhanced CT across diverse metastatic cancers. Methods This retrospective monocentric study included patients with cancer and metastatic disease, with TF results and contemporaneous contrast-enhanced CT performed between January 2021 and January 2023.

First insights into the distribution and diversity of toxic dinoflagellate cysts in the surface sediments of Dakhla Bay (African Atlantic coast): relationships with environmental factors and mollusk intoxication events.

Dakhla Bay, situated on the African Atlantic coast, has witnessed sporadic harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by toxic dinoflagellate species over the past two decades. In this study, we investigated the distribution, abundance, and diversity of dinoflagellate cysts, with a focus on potentially toxic species that develop in this ecosystem where such data are lacking. Sediment samples were collected in April 2018 through coring at 49 stations distributed across the bay.

Imaging-guided prognostic score-based approach to assess the benefits of combotherapy versus monotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic MSI-H colorectal cancer patients.

Background: This retrospective study determined survival responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), comparing mono- (mono) and combo-immunotherapy (combo) in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) by analyzing quantitative imaging data and clinical factors.

Methods: One hundred fifty patients were included from two centers and divided into training (n = 105) and validation (n = 45) cohorts. Radiologists manually annotated chest-abdomen-pelvis computed tomography and calculated tumor burden.

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Clinico-Dermoscopic and Histological Correlation: About 72 Cases.

Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, accounting for 20% of malignant skin tumors. Dermoscopy is a very useful tool for diagnosing cSCC, and its findings are confirmed through histopathological studies.

Objectives: to describe the different dermoscopic structures of invasive cSCC and investigate their association with the clinical form and histopathological grade of differentiation.

Recent Advances in the Field of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicine in Patients with a Diagnosis of Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma.

Standard-of-care medical imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and PET play a critical role in managing patients diagnosed with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as radiomics, machine learning, and deep learning, could revolutionize the use of medical imaging by enhancing individualized image-guided precision medicine approaches. In the present article, we will decipher how AI/radiomics could mine information from medical images, such as tumor volume, heterogeneity, and shape, to provide insights into cancer biology that can be leveraged by clinicians to improve patient care both in the clinic and in clinical trials.

Integrating [F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography with Radiation Therapy and Immunomodulation in Precision Therapy for Solid Tumors.

[F]-FDG positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging is widely used to enhance the quality of care in patients diagnosed with cancer. Furthermore, it holds the potential to offer insight into the synergic effect of combining radiation therapy (RT) with immuno-oncological (IO) agents. This is achieved by evaluating treatment responses both at the RT and distant tumor sites, thereby encompassing the phenomenon known as the abscopal effect.

Immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil for patients with steroid-refractory immune-related hepatitis induced by checkpoint inhibitors in oncology.

Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) hepatitis, which does not improve with steroids and requires additional immunosuppressant, is defined as steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis. The outcome of patients with steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis remains poorly determined. Herein, we investigated the incidence, clinical features, and outcome of patients treated with second-line immunosuppressant for steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis.

Synergic prognostic value of 3D CT scan subcutaneous fat and muscle masses for immunotherapy-treated cancer.

Background: Our aim was to explore the prognostic value of anthropometric parameters in a large population of patients treated with immunotherapy.

Methods: We retrospectively included 623 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n=318) or melanoma (n=305) treated by an immune-checkpoint-inhibitor having a pretreatment (thorax-)abdomen-pelvis CT scan. An external validation cohort of 55 patients with NSCLC was used.

Profile and outcome of cancer patients enrolled in contemporary phase I trials.

Background: Phase I trials historically involved heavily pretreated patients (pts) with no more effective therapeutic options available and with poor expected outcomes. There are scare data regarding profile and outcomes of pts enrolled into modern phase I trials. Here, we sought to provide an overview of pts' profile and outcome into phase I trials at Gustave Roussy (GR).

Intratumoral Immunotherapy: Is It Ready for Prime Time?

Purpose Of Review: This review presents the rationale for intratumoral immunotherapy, technical considerations and safety. Clinical results from the latest trials are provided and discussed.

Recent Findings: Intratumoral immunotherapy is feasible and safe in a wide range of cancer histologies and locations, including lung and liver.

Bevacizumab in real-life patients with recurrent glioblastoma: benefit or futility?

Purpose: Angiogenesis plays a key role in glioblastoma, but most anti-angiogenic therapy trials have failed to change the poor outcome of this disease. Despite this, and because bevacizumab is known to alleviate symptoms, it is used in daily practice. We aimed to assess the real-life benefit in terms of overall survival, time to treatment failure, objective response, and clinical benefit in patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with bevacizumab.

Better than RECIST and Faster than iRECIST: Defining the Immunotherapy Progression Decision Score to Better Manage Progressive Tumors on Immunotherapy.

Purpose: The objective of the study is to propose the immunotherapy progression decision (iPD) score, a practical tool based on patient features that are available at the first evaluation of immunotherapy treatment, to help oncologists decide whether to continue the treatment or switch rapidly to another therapeutic line when facing a progressive disease patient at the first evaluation.

Experimental Design: This retrospective study included 107 patients with progressive disease at first evaluation according to RECIST 1.1.

Body Composition to Define Prognosis of Cancers Treated by Anti-Angiogenic Drugs.

Background: Body composition could help to better define the prognosis of cancers treated with anti-angiogenics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of 3D and 2D anthropometric parameters in patients given anti-angiogenic treatments. Methods: 526 patients with different types of cancers were retrospectively included.

Immune-related generalised oedema - A new category of adverse events with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Generalised oedema was occasionally reported associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). The purpose of this study is to investigate immune-related generalised oedema (ir-GE) drug related to ICPI, through frequency, clinical and pathological characteristics, and patient's outcome.

Patients And Methods: Objectives of the study were to report on ir-GE associated with ICPI to define frequency, associated signs and symptoms, pathological characteristics, severity, and response to corticosteroids.