Upper, middle, and lower CALYX accesses for prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparative study.

Objective: To compare upper, middle and lower calyceal accesses for prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy regarding stone-free rates, residual stones, haemoglobin drop and fluoroscopic time.

Methods: The prospective comparative clinical study was conducted from September 2018 to March 2021 at Al- Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised patients of either gender aged 18-78 years with renal stones treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. They were divided into three groups on the basis of calyx access: upper calyx G1, mid-calyx G2, and lower calyx G3.

Effect of corporate social responsibility performance on dividend pay-out: Role of corporate governance quality.

The goal of this study was to analyze the influence of corporate social responsibility on dividend pay-out while considering the role of corporate governance quality on mutual funds operating in Pakistan. This study used a two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) to control not only endogeneity problems caused by inclusion of firm-specific variables, but also the endogeneity caused by dividend pay-out selection. The findings are that mutual funds that engage in higher levels of corporate social responsibility pay greater dividends.

Meatal stenosis posttraditional neonatal circumcision-cross-sectional study.

Context: Circumcision holds a unique place in the daily practice of urology. Heat cautery device is the most common local technique used, we found it can cause meatal stenosis (MS) and its sequels.

Aim: The study aims to determine the incidence, presenting symptoms of MS and its relation to local traditional neonatal circumcision techniques among our children.

Role of lean manufacturing and environmental management practices in eliciting environmental and financial performance: the contingent effect of institutional pressures.

This study aims to examine the impact of firm lean manufacturing (LM) and environmental management (EM) practices on firm performance (i.e., environmental and financial performance).

Factors that affect outcome of pediatric shock waves lithotripsy with sedoanalgesia.

Introduction: Performing shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) under intravenous sedoanalgesia and the ability to predict the effectiveness of SWL is essential in determining the most appropriate treatment for patients.

Patients And Methods: This study consisted of 56 children aged between 1 and 16 years mean age 6.7 ± 4.

Reference range of flaccid and stretched penile lengths of adult males in Baghdad: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To establish a baseline reference range for flaccid (FPL) and stretched penile lengths (SPL) in adult males and to compare with reports from different nationalities, as concerns over penile size are common among men and currently the number of men seeking help for the perceived problem of a 'short' penis is increasing.

Subjects And Methods: Over a 1-year period, FPL and SPL measurements were taken from males undergoing medical examination in the outpatient clinic of the Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, using a rigid centimetre ruler. The correlation between penile length and age was investigated.

Ureteral injuries from gunshots and shells of explosive devices.

Context: Penetrating rather than blunt trauma is the most common cause of ureteral injuries. The approach to management differs from the far more common iatrogenic injury.

Aims: The purpose of this series is to report our experience in ureteral trauma management, with attention to the diagnosis, repair, and outcome of these injuries.