Change in childhood lead exposure prevalence with new reference level.

In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention changed the "actionable" reference blood lead level from 10 μg/dL to 5 μg/dL, representing the highest 2.5 percentile of lead levels nationwide. In a high-risk urban community, the prevalence of children classified as lead exposed increased ninefold, from 1% to 9.

Vaccines for the prevention of diarrhea due to cholera, shigella, ETEC and rotavirus.

Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality in children under 5 years along with its long-term impact on growth and cognitive development. Despite advances in the understanding of diarrheal disorders and management strategies, globally nearly 750,000 children die annually as a consequence of diarrhea.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the efficacy and effectiveness studies.