Chronic pancreatitis as a driving factor for pancreatic cancer: An epidemiological understanding.

The retrospective study by Lew (2022) examined the rising hospitalization rates for chronic pancreatitis (CP) and its association with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), revealing significant ethno-racial disparities and risk factors. Overweight black men aged 40-59 years and white men over 40 years with higher incomes showed an elevated risk of PDAC among CP patients. The study, which included 14.

Intermittent cluster dynamics and temporal fractional diffusion in a bulk metallic glass.

Glassy solids evolve towards lower-energy structural states by physical aging. This can be characterized by structural relaxation times, the assessment of which is essential for understanding the glass' time-dependent property changes. Conducted over short times, a continuous increase of relaxation times with time is seen, suggesting a time-dependent dissipative transport mechanism.

Ants are more than just curious bystanders to some flowers-they act as significant pollinators.

Ant-plant associations are ubiquitous and highly diverse in almost all terrestrial environments, resulting in complex ecological networks. Although ant-plant mutualism is prevalent, ant-mediated pollination is uncommon, and only a few investigations have demonstrated their role in pollination. Thus, the topic of ant-mediated pollination requires revision to assess its significance in pollination biology.

Divergent Circadian Foraging Strategies in Response to Diurnal Predation Versus Persistent Rain in Asian Weaver Ant, , Suggest Possible Energetic Trade-offs.

The study of chronobiology of foraging behavior in social insects offers valuable models for the investigation of circadian rhythms. We scored hourly nest entries and exits of (Asian weaver ant) workers in 9 active non-polydomous nests on days with and without rain and with and without a primarily diurnal predator present. After determining that display a high nest fidelity, we focused exclusively on analyzing nest entry counts: we found a significant decrease in overall entry counts of individual ants on rainy days compared with non-rainy days ( < 0.

The Flower Colour Influences Spontaneous Nectaring in Butterflies: a Case Study with Twenty Subtropical Butterflies.

Butterflies have a wide spectrum of colour vision, and changes in flower colour influence both the visiting and nectaring (the act of feeding on flower nectar) events of them. However, the spontaneous behavioural response of butterflies while foraging on real flowers is less characterised in wild conditions. Hence, this study intends to investigate flower colour affinity in wild butterflies in relation to nectaring frequency (NF) and nectaring duration (ND).

Heavy water (DO) induces autophagy-dependent apoptotic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon microtubule disruption.

Objective: Deuterium oxide (DO) or heavy water is known to have diverse biological activities and have a few therapeutic applications due to its limited toxicity to human subjects. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of DO-induced cytotoxicity in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.

Results: We found that DO-treatment resulted in cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in A549 cells in a dose-dependent fashion.

Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation driven aberrations in pancreatic cancer-related pathways.

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) presents a catastrophic disease with poor overall survival at advanced stages, with immediate requirement of new and effective treatment options. Besides genetic mutations, epigenetic dysregulation of signaling pathway-associated enriched genes are considered as novel therapeutic target. Mechanisms beneath the deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and its utility in developing of epi-drugs in PanCa are under trails.

The emerging role of microplastics in systemic toxicity: Involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Plastic pollution is one of the most pressing environmental threats the world is facing currently. The degradation of macroplastics into smaller forms viz. microplastics (MPs) or Nanoplastics (NPs) is a potential threat to both terrestrial and marine ecosystems and also to human health by directly affecting the organs and activating a plethora of intracellular signaling, that may lead to cell death.

Emerging role of non-invasive and liquid biopsy biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.

A global increase in the incidence of pancreatic cancer (PanCa) presents a major concern and health burden. The traditional tissue-based diagnostic techniques provided a major way forward for molecular diagnostics; however, they face limitations based on diagnosis-associated difficulties and concerns surrounding tissue availability in the clinical setting. Late disease development with asymptomatic behavior is a drawback in the case of existing diagnostic procedures.

Internal structuring of gallium arsenide using short laser pulses.

Laser writing inside semiconductors attracts attention as a possible route for three-dimensional integration in advanced micro technologies. In this context, gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a material for which the best conditions for laser internal modification (LIM) have not been established yet. We address this question by using laser pulses at a fixed wavelength of 1550-nm.

Synergistic interaction of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin: a potential strategy for the efficient management of biofilm caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, has been found to cause several chronic and acute infections in human. Moreover, it often shows drug-tolerance and poses a severe threat to public healthcare through biofilm formation. In this scenario, two molecules, namely, cuminaldehyde and tobramycin, were used separately and in combination for the efficient management of biofilm challenge.

Does space matter? Estimation and evaluation of required space for commercial mass culture of grasshoppers (Acridoidea: Orthoptera).

A space-dependent mortality assay was performed on thirty-one short-horned adult grasshopper species (Acridoidea: Orthoptera) to estimate the space required for mass culture of acridids in captivity. Our findings show that acridids have a multidimensional mortality mode at different densities. The correlations between density and mortality of acridids in rearing units follow a sigmoidal curve.

Computational prediction of the molecular mechanism of statin group of drugs against SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.

Recently published clinical data from COVID-19 patients indicated that statin therapy is associated with a better clinical outcome and a significant reduction in the risk of mortality. In this study by computational analysis, we have aimed to predict the possible mechanism of the statin group of drugs by which they can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Blind docking of the critical structural and functional proteins of SARS-CoV-2 like RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, M-protease of 3-CL-Pro, Helicase, and the Spike proteins ( wild type and mutants from different VOCs) were performed using the Schrodinger docking tool.

Piperine exhibits promising antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus by accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Staphylococcus aureus causes numerous community-acquired and nosocomial infections in humans by exploiting biofilm. In this context, this study aims to impede the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm by exposing the cells to a plant-based alkaloid, piperine. Our study revealed that piperine exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against the test organism.

Cuminaldehyde exhibits potential antibiofilm activity against involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation: a way forward towards sustainable biofilm management.

often causes various acute and chronic infections in humans exploiting biofilm. Molecules interfering with microbial biofilm formation could be explored for the sustainable management of infections linked to biofilm. Towards this direction, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of cuminaldehyde, an active ingredient of the essential oil of was tested against .

Tryptophan interferes with the quorum sensing and cell surface hydrophobicity of : a promising approach to inhibit the biofilm development.

Unlabelled: , a Gram-positive bacterium has been implicated in a plethora of human infections by virtue of its biofilm-forming ability. Inhibition in microbial biofilm formation has been found to be a promising approach towards compromising microbial pathogenesis. In this regard, various natural and synthetic molecules have been explored to attenuate microbial biofilm.

1,4-Naphthoquinone disintegrates the pre-existing biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus by accumulating reactive oxygen species.

Staphylococcus aureus causes several nosocomial and community-acquired infections in human host involving biofilm. Thus, strategies need to be explored to curb biofilm threats by either inhibiting the formation of biofilm or disintegrating the pre-existing biofilm. Towards this direction, we had already revealed the biofilm inhibiting properties of 1,4-naphthoquinone against S.

CCN5 activation by free or encapsulated EGCG is required to render triple-negative breast cancer cell viability and tumor progression.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been considered an anticancer agent despite conflicting and discrepant bioavailability views. EGCG impairs the viability and self-renewal capacity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and makes them sensitive to estrogen via activating ER-α. Surprisingly, the mechanism of EGCG's action on TNBC cells remains unclear.

Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm by thymoquinone: an individual and combinatorial study with tetrazine-capped silver nanoparticles and tryptophan.

Microbial biofilm indicates a cluster of microorganisms having the capability to display drug resistance property, thereby increasing its proficiency in spreading diseases. In the present study, the antibiofilm potential of thymoquinone, a black seed-producing natural molecule, was contemplated against the biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Substantial antimicrobial activity was exhibited by thymoquinone against the test organism wherein the minimum inhibitory concentration of the compound was found to be 20 μg/mL.

1,4-Naphthoquinone accumulates reactive oxygen species in Staphylococcus aureus: a promising approach towards effective management of biofilm threat.

Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive opportunistic microorganism, promotes pathogenicity in the human host through biofilm formation. Microorganisms associated with biofilm often exhibit drug-resistance property that poses a major threat to public healthcare. Thus, the exploration of new therapeutic approaches is the need of the hour to manage biofilm-borne infections.

Pulse-duration dependence of laser-induced modifications inside silicon.

The advent of ultrafast infrared lasers provides a unique opportunity for direct fabrication of three-dimensional silicon microdevices. However, strong nonlinearities prevent access to modification regimes in narrow gap materials with the shortest laser pulses. In contrary to surface experiments for which one can always define an energy threshold to initiate modifications, we establish that some other threshold conditions inevitably apply on the pulse duration and the numerical aperture for focusing.

Ultrafast Laser Writing Deep inside Silicon with THz-Repetition-Rate Trains of Pulses.

Three-dimensional laser writing inside silicon remains today inaccessible with the shortest infrared light pulses unless complex schemes are used to circumvent screening propagation nonlinearities. Here, we explore a new approach irradiating silicon with trains of femtosecond laser pulses at repetition rates up to 5.6 THz that is order of magnitude higher than any source used for laser processing so far.

Targeting cellular microtubule by phytochemical apocynin exhibits autophagy-mediated apoptosis to inhibit lung carcinoma progression and tumorigenesis.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Several targets have been identified for lung cancer therapy, amongst which 'Microtubule' and its dynamics are the most widely studied and used in therapy. Tubulin-microtubule polymer dynamics are highly sought after targets in the field of anti-cancer drug designing.