Green synthesis of MnO nanoparticles using Costus woodsonii flowers extract for effective removal of malachite green dye.

The pollution of organic dyes such as malachite green is one of the globally critical issues, calling for efficient mitigation methods. Herein, we developed green MnO nanoparticles synthesized using natural compounds extracted from Costus woodsonii flowers under an ultrasound-assisted mode. The materials were characterized using several physicochemical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and N adsorption desorption isotherm measurement.