Isolation and characterization of pathogenic strains from lettuce: a potential source of antibiotic resistance and development of a mathematical model for ANOVA results.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of contamination in raw lettuce from Risalpur, Pakistan, and to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolated strains. The presence of foodborne pathogens such as poses significant public health risks, particularly in regions with suboptimal hygiene practices and improper food handling.

Methods: Lettuce samples were collected from various sources in Risalpur and screened for .

Seroprevalence of brucellosis among high-risk individuals in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aim: Brucellosis is a highly contagious, neglected zoonotic disease of major importance worldwide. The disease is endemic in many countries, burdening healthcare systems and the livestock industry and representing a persistent public health concern in these countries. Brucellosis is considered an important occupational hazard for livestock workers.

Changes of th1 and th2 cytokines levels among sudanese tuberculosis patients during treatment.

Background: The interaction of T cells with infected macrophages depends on the interplay of cytokines produced in each cell, and this mechanism is a key to protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Extensive research has been devoted to studying the changes in systemic cytokine levels in patients with tuberculosis (TB), but the results are inconclusive. Determine Th1 and Th2 cytokine immune response levels among new TB patients compared to follow-up and healthy control.

Lack of association between fat mass and obesity-associated genetic variant (rs8050136) and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To study the genotype and allele frequency of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs8050136 A>C genetic variant and investigate its association with type 2 diabetes mekkitus (T2DM) parameters.

Methods: This study was carried out on 118 diabetic patients and 106 healthy individuals (control) from Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. The TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)genotyping assay was used for rs8050136 genotyping.

DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV Mutations and their effect on Quinolones Resistant among UTIs Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to highlight the importance of mutations within genome that are related to fluoroquinolone resistance.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study performed in different teaching hospitals in Khartoum State from June 2016 to May 2017. A total of (120) isolates from patients with symptoms of UTIs attending different hospitals in Khartoum State were examined.