Position statement on hypertension by Indian Society of Hypertension, 2023.

The Indian Society of Hypertension (InSH) highlights the urgency for India-specific guidelines on hypertension management. Hypertension affects over one billion people worldwide, with India bearing a significant burden due to its population, diversity, and demographics. In India, hypertension affects 21% of women and 24% of men, while pre-hypertension affects 39% of women and 49% of men.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening campaign results from India.

Raised blood pressure (BP) is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that makes a major impact on early mortality and morbidity. Recognizing hypertension in the community, educating people about routine BP monitoring, and improving medication compliance are all important steps in detecting, controlling, and managing hypertension. During the course of 5 months, members of the Indian Society of Hypertension organized unique medical indoor and outdoor camps at 100 screening locations around India for the May Measurement Month (MMM) 2021 study.

Nail fold capillaroscopy in leprosy: Unveiling the microvascular changes.

Background: Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease, is associated with various nail changes. Its etiopathogenesis is multifaceted, with microvascular damage being crucial. Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) emerges as a novel tool for detecting early vascular deficits in leprosy.

Long-Term Persistence of COVID-Induced Hyperglycemia: A Cohort Study.

Although the short-term mortality of patients with COVID-19 infection and hyperglycemia has been well documented, there is little available data regarding longer-term prognosis. The presence of diabetes has not only influenced disease severity but has also impacted its transmission dynamics. In this study, we followed a historical cohort of patients without previous history of diabetes who presented with moderate to severe COVID-19 and were found to have hyperglycemia (random blood glucose > 140 mg/dL) at the time of admission.

High level of psychological stress in COVID-19 recovered individuals: role of copeptin as a potential biomarker.

Background: Study aimed to assess stress in COVID-19 recovered individuals using a validated questionnaire PSS-10 score and stress biomarkers - salivary cortisol and serum copeptin.

Methods: A total of 83 subjects of which 54 subjects (66.3%) who were hospitalized were recruited 8-20 weeks following recovery from COVID-19.

The increasing presence of the internet in the lives of patients and doctors: threat or opportunity?

The conventional sharing of information and education between doctor and patient is no longer what it used to be prior to Dr. Google's entry into the mix with voluminous data, not only transforming but often threatening the patient-doctor relationship. While patients no longer seek basic information from their physicians since they've already consulted Dr.

Dyslipidaemia & oxidative stress in patients of psoriasis: Emerging cardiovascular risk factors.

Background & Objectives: Psoriasis is a recurrent hyper-proliferative skin disease which is often associated with free radical generation, abnormal lipid metabolism and increased inflammatory secretion that induce cardiovascular risk in these patients. The present study was intended to evaluate serum lipids, lipoprotein and oxidants-antioxidants status and to establish their relationship with atherogenic risk markers [oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] in patients with psoriasis.

Methods: The study was conducted on 150 psoriasis patients and 150 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Isoniazid and rifampicin heteroresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from tuberculous meningitis patients in India.

Background: Heteroresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mixture of susceptible and resistant subpopulations) is thought to be a preliminary stage to full resistance and timely detection, initiation of correct treatment is vital for successful anti tubercular therapy. The aim of this study was to detect multi drug resistant (MDR) and heteroresistant M. tuberculosis with the associated gene mutations from patients of tuberculous meningitis.

Recurrent Hypokalemia leading to Flaccid Quadriparesis: A Renal or Connective Tissue Disorder.

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoKPP) is a clinical entity characterized by recurrent skeletal muscle paralysis due to a decrease in serum potassium levels; hypoKPP can have either a primary (familial) or a secondary cause. One of the secondary causes of hypoKPP is distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA). Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is diagnosed when the urinary pH is greater than 5.

Predictors of adverse outcome in patients of tuberculous meningitis in a multi-centric study from India.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the factors which may predict mortality and neurological disability at one year follow up in patients of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in India.

Methodology: Patients with TBM were prospectively enrolled from July 2012 to September 2014 from four tertiary care hospitals of Delhi. The demographic characteristics, clinical features and laboratory findings were collected and patients were followed up till 1 year.

Newer perspectives of coronary artery disease in young.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurring in less than 45 years of age is termed as young CAD. Recent studies show a prevalence of 1.2% of CAD cases in this age group.

An Unusual Presentation of Dengue Fever: Association with Longitudinal Extensive Transverse Myelitis.

Association of dengue fever with transverse myelitis in the form of extensive spinal cord involvement is a rare entity described in the literature. We describe a middle-aged man who presented with dengue fever and in whom weakness of the bilateral lower limbs and urinary incontinence developed on the third day of fever. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis.

Nonketotic Hyperglycemia Presenting as Monoballism.

Background: Monoballismus is rarely seen clinically, but when observed, it is usually a manifestation of an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA). We report a case of monoballismus observed in a patient without evidence of a CVA.

Case Report: We observed a case of monoballismus in a 60-year-old diabetic patient who had not had a stroke.

Glycated apolipoprotein B-A surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Aims: Sustained hyperglycemia is a causative factor for glycation of proteins. Glycated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is strongly associated with an increased risk of CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) in diabetics. Hence, we planned to evaluate the association of glycated apo B with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Evaluation of Geno Type MTBDRplus Line Probe Assay for Early Detection of Drug Resistance in Tuberculous Meningitis Patients in India.

Background: Molecular methods which allow for rapid and reliable detection of drug resistance have yet not been sufficiently evaluated for timely management of patients with tuberculous meningitis.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate Geno Type MTBDRplus line probe assay for early detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and CSF samples of confirmed tuberculous meningitis patients.

Settings And Design: This was a multicentric prospective study carried out from July 2011 to December 2013 in tertiary care hospitals of Delhi.

Helicobacter pylori: Does it add to risk of coronary artery disease.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a known pathogen implicated in genesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma. Beyond the stomach, the organism has also been implicated in the causation of immune thrombocytopenia and iron deficiency anemia.

Splenic abscess: Plasmodium vivax with secondary Escherichia coli infection.

Splenic abscess is a rare clinical entity as described in literature. The incidence is in the range of 0.14-0.

Acute viral hepatitis E presenting with haemolytic anaemia and acute renal failure in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

The association of acute hepatitis E viral (HEV) infection with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency leading to extensive intravascular haemolysis is a very rare clinical entity. Here we discuss such a patient, who presented with acute HEV illness, developed severe intravascular haemolysis and unusually high levels of bilirubin, complicated by acute renal failure (ARF), and was later on found to have a deficiency of G6PD. The patient recovered completely with haemodialysis and supportive management.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Patients of Coronary Artery Disease: Differences over a Decade.

Introduction: Studies evaluating temporal trends of Coronary artery disease (CAD) in young patients, from the India, are still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal differences in risk factors of young patients of CAD over a decade.

Methods: This is a single centre retrospective study performed in a tertiary care teaching institution in North India.

Association of carotid intima-media thickness with leptin and apoliprotein b/apoliprotein a-I ratio reveals imminent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriasis patients.

Psoriasis patients are often susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis. Traditional markers (biochemical and inflammatory) and diagnostic tools could detect occlusive but not subclinical atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), has recently been recognised as a non invasive diagnostic tool for identification of premature atherosclerosis.

Predisposing factors to premature coronary artery disease in young (age ≤ 45 years) smokers: a single center retrospective case control study from India.

Introduction: The role of the conventional risk factors in premature coronary artery disease (CAD) after eliminating the confounding variability of smoking has not been evaluated. This study was conducted to identify role of traditional risk factors in smokers with premature CAD.

Methods: The case records of patients presenting acutely with premature CAD during the period 2007-2010 were analyzed retrospectively.