Role of Competing Magnetic Exchange on Non-Collinear to Collinear Magnetic Ordering and Skyrmion Stabilization in Centrosymmetric Hexagonal Magnets.

Topological magnetic skyrmions with helicity state degrees of freedom in centrosymmetric magnets possess great potential for advanced spintronics applications and quantum computing. Till date, the skyrmion study in this class of materials mostly remains focused to collinear ferromagnets with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. Here, we present a combined theoretical and experimental study on the competing magnetic exchange-induced evolution of noncollinear magnetic ground states and its impact on the skyrmion formation in a series of centrosymmetric hexagonal noncollinear magnets, MnFeCoGe.

Solving synaptic PET‐biomarker puzzle in Alzheimer's and other tauopathies with UCB‐J.

Background: Synaptic loss is an eminent feature of tauopathies. The recently developed novel SV2A PET‐tracer UCB‐J has shown great promise in tracking synaptic loss in tauopathies. However, there have been discrepancies between the in vivo findings and a lack of mechanistic insight.

Neuroprotective role of Piceatannol in Chronic Unpredictable Stress induced memory dysfunction.

Background: Various studies have evidenced the neuroprotective role of SIRT1 activator. However, whether SIRT1 activator, Piceatannol pharmacological treatment is protective in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction remains unknown. Therefore, this study design included testing the hypothesis that Piceatannol administered in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction mice shows protective effects, explores & probes underlying the activation of SIRT1 pathway.

Novel piperazine‐benzoquinone derivative as a possible lead molecule selectively targeting AChE for the management of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease.

Background: The present study recapitulates the potency of the novel synthesized piperazine‐benzoquinone derivative as a lead molecule selectively targeting AChE along with the antioxidative potential for the management of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease.

Method: Novel piperazine‐benzoquinone derivative was synthesized implementing appropriate synthetic procedures and was characterized by various spectral and elemental techniques. The purity of this synthetic analogue was ascertained by TLC, melting point determination and elemental analyses.

Exploring potential of Allopurinol in Dementia of Alzheimer’s type.

Background: Dementia is a mental condition defined by a severe loss of intellectual ability that interferes with one’s occupational or social activities. The rapid increase in the number of patients with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) will result in tremendous consequences for our society and economy. Hypoxanthine is a purine compound that is implicated in the progression of AD.

Differential Transcriptional Landscape of Vero Cells During Dengue Virus 2 Infection in the Presence of Sinococuline.

Dengue virus (DENV) is transmitted by genus mosquitoes and is responsible for dengue fever (DF) and other severe diseases, posing a significant challenge to the global health system. Currently, anti-dengue pharmacological treatment options are not available. Earlier, we demonstrated that Sinococuline has potent anti-dengue activity and prevents virus infection.

Dental implant placement accuracy with robotic surgery compared to free-hand, static and dynamic computer assisted techniques: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the accuracy of robotic-assisted dental implant placement (r-CAIS) with conventional freehand, static computer-assisted (s-CAIS), and dynamic computer-assisted (d-CAIS) techniques.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to January 2024. Studies meeting PICOST criteria, including clinical and in vitro studies, were included.

Association between vascular endothelial growth factor and atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent form of sustained cardiac arrhythmia, with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increasingly recognized for its potential role in the pathogenesis of AF through mechanisms involving atrial remodeling, inflammation, and fibrosis. This systematic review aims to synthesize available evidence on the association between VEGF and AF, exploring the implications of VEGF as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until November 10 2024, selecting studies based on pre-defined criteria that involve adults with AF and measurements of VEGF levels.

Intraglandular botulinum toxin in postoperative head and neck fistula: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Orocervical (OCF) or pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) are one of the disastrous complications of head and neck cancer surgery. Conventional standards of management are predominantly conservative. Though a majority of such patients respond to conservative management, it nevertheless causes significant delay in wound healing.

Diflunisal attenuates acute inflammatory responses through inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis of lactating mouse model.

The cure rate of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis by conventional antibiotic therapy is very poor. Diflunisal (DIF), a difluorophenol derivative of salicylic acid, is reported to have strong anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects against S. aureus infection.

Evaluating the feasibility of estimating particulate mass emissions of older-model diesel vehicle using smoke opacity measurements.

Real-world emissions of particulate matter (PM) and smoke opacity were studied for an older-model diesel pickup truck during four types of driving tests, namely fixed-point test, snap-acceleration test, road test, and hill road test (uphill/downhill). A portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) and an opacimeter were used to measure real-time concentrations of PM and smoke opacity, respectively, and simultaneously. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive association between PM and opacity, suggesting the feasibility of using an opacimeter to estimate PM mass emissions from diesel vehicles.

Ketorolac disturbs proteasome functions and induces mitochondrial abnormality-associated apoptosis.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are recommended to treat moderate-to-severe pain. Previous studies suggest that NSAIDs can suppress cellular proliferation and elevate apoptosis in different cancer cells. Ketorolac is an NSAID and can reduce the cancer cells' viability.

Progress in photocatalytic degradation of industrial organic dye by utilising the silver doped titanium dioxide nanocomposite.

Industrial organic dyes represent a significant portion of pollutants discharged into the environment, particularly by the textile industry. These compounds pose serious threats to living organisms due to their high toxicity. Various techniques have been explored for the degradation of organic dyes, among which heterogeneous photocatalysis utilising titanium dioxide (TiO) stands out as a promising technology.

Development of mirror-image monobodies targeting the oncogenic BCR::ABL1 kinase.

Mirror-image proteins, composed of D-amino acids, are an attractive therapeutic modality, as they exhibit high metabolic stability and lack immunogenicity. Development of mirror-image binding proteins is achieved through chemical synthesis of D-target proteins, phage display library selection of L-binders and chemical synthesis of (mirror-image) D-binders that consequently bind the physiological L-targets. Monobodies are well-established synthetic (L-)binding proteins and their small size (~90 residues) and lack of endogenous cysteine residues make them particularly accessible to chemical synthesis.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dog Bite and Its Management: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Rural Field Practice Area of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna.

Introduction: Rabies continues to be a significant concern in India, with lots of deaths reported annually. Approximately one million people undergo post-exposure prophylaxis treatment annually, despite nearly two million dog bites occurring across the country. Notably, dogs are responsible for more than 99% of these bites.

Impact of Informative Videos on Proxy Consent by Parents for Pediatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Consent is never truly exercised in children as parents act as their proxy and often do not understand the advantages, disadvantages, risks, and benefits of the procedure. Their high anxiety state is mirrored in the child, leading to slower recovery. Hence, this study was designed to understand if an intervention can impact the effect of consent on parents' anxiety, satisfaction, and knowledge.

Pattern and correlates of Internet gaming disorder among medical students - A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care health institute, Rajasthan.

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a global problem associated with several psychological complications, such as insomnia, poor academic performance, and aggression. The present study aimed to explore the pattern and correlates of gaming disorder among a sample of medical college students from India and determine the motivational basis for it.

Materials And Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college in Rajasthan from January 2021 to June 2021 after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee.

Exploring micronutrients and microbiome synergy: pioneering new paths in cancer therapy.

The human microbiome is the complex ecosystem consisting of trillions of microorganisms that play a key role in developing the immune system and nutrient metabolism. Alterations in the gut microbiome have been linked to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and response to treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that levels of vitamins and minerals influence the gut environment and may have implications for cancer risk and progression.

Deciphering new insights into copy number variations as drivers of genomic diversity and adaptation in farm animal species.

The basis of all improvement in (re)production performance of animals and plants lies in the genetic variation. The underlying genetic variation can be further explored through investigations using molecular markers including single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and microsatellite, and more recently structural variants like copy number variations (CNVs). Unlike SNPs, CNVs affect a larger proportion of the genome, making them more impactful vis-à-vis variation at the phenotype level.

Love Components in Free-Choice and Arranged Marriages Among Five Non-Western Populations From Africa, Amazonia, and Himalayas.

Two main ways to enter a marriage are through free choice and through an arrangement between families, known as an arranged marriage. In this study, we compared differences in three dimensions of love (Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment) between spouses in love-based marriages and arranged marriages among five non-Western societies: Bhotiya from the Himalayas, Igbo from Nigeria, Kimeru from Kenya, Meru from Tanzania, and Tsimane' from Bolivia. When considering all data gathered from the five cultures, free choice and arranged marriages did not differ significantly in average love scores.

Post mortem validation and mechanistic study of UCB-J in progressive supranuclear palsy patients' brains.

Introduction: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a devastating 4R tauopathy affecting motor functions and is often misdiagnosed/underdiagnosed due to a lack of specific biomarkers. Synaptic loss is an eminent feature of tauopathies including PSP. Novel synaptic positron emission tomography tracer UCB-J holds great potential for early diagnosis; however, there is a substantial knowledge gap in terms of the mechanism and the extent and nature of synaptic loss in PSP.

Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Rufinamide in a Streptozotocin-Induced Dementia Model.

Due to the complex pathophysiology of AD (Alzheimer's Disease), there are currently no effective clinical treatments available, except for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. However, CREB (cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein) has been identified as the critical factor for the transcription in memory formation. Understanding the effect of potential drugs on the CREB pathway could lead to the development of new therapeutic molecules.