Publications by authors named "Amit Pathania"

Phages are ubiquitous in bacteria, including clinical Staphylococcus aureus, where Sfi 21/Sa3 phages often integrate into the hlb gene, which encodes Hlb sphingomyelinase. This integration acts as a rapid regulatory switch for Hlb production. Our findings suggest that Sfi 21/Sa3 prophages and Hlb activity influence S.

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Objective: We aimed to assess the acceptability of Mobile Direct Observed Therapy (MDOT) amongst the parents/caregivers of children with asthma.

Methods: This open-label pilot randomized controlled trial enrolled newly diagnosed children aged 5-15 years with asthma, who were followed up telephonically for six weeks. Parents of children in the intervention arm were requested to record a video of the metered dose inhaler with spacer (MDI-S) technique of their child on a mobile phone and share it through WhatsApp with investigator who then provided corrective measures as required by a text/video message.

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Objectives: To evaluate the role infant pulmonary function tests (Tidal Breathing Flow Volume Loops, TBFVL) in children with airway anomalies and to correlate the TBFVL so obtained with bronchoscopy findings.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled children aged 0-2 years with airway anomalies and performed TBFVL and bronchoscopy. The primary outcome measure was graphic pattern of TBFVL in laryngomalacia.

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Background: There were widespread unconfirmed reports about the increased severity of dengue post-second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. It is known that a second dengue infection with a different strain in an individual can trigger antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). A similar phenomenon is hypothesized for severe COVID-19 infection since both dengue and COVID-19 are viral diseases with different and varying strains.

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Objectives: To evaluate if the use of a quality improvement (QI) initiative improves initiation and acceptability of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in critically ill children with respiratory distress.

Methods: The study was carried out in 3 phases over a period of 6 mo in the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in children aged 2 mo to 14 y of age. In phase 1, data were collected for 1 mo and reasons for NIV failure were identified.

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Fatty acid biosynthesis (FASII) enzymes are considered valid targets for antimicrobial drug development against the human pathogen However, incorporation of host fatty acids confers FASII antibiotic adaptation that compromises prospective treatments. adapts to FASII inhibitors by first entering a nonreplicative latency period, followed by outgrowth. Here, we used transcriptional fusions and direct metabolite measurements to investigate the factors that dictate the duration of latency prior to outgrowth.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study highlights the importance of fatty acid synthesis (FASII) products in Staphylococcus aureus, which has led to the development of antibiotics targeting this pathway, previously shown to work in animal models.
  • - Researchers found that S. aureus can quickly adapt to FASII antibiotics when in host environments, without changing its FASII genes, and that administering these antibiotics during infection is less effective than expected.
  • - The presence of serum in the host environment reduces the stress on S. aureus' membranes, allowing it to use alternative fatty acids and evade the effects of FASII antibiotics, indicating that this flexibility limits the effectiveness of these treatments alone.
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Antimicrobials targeting the fatty acid synthesis (FASII) pathway are being developed as alternative treatments for bacterial infections. Emergence of resistance to FASII inhibitors was mainly considered as a consequence of mutations in the FASII target genes. However, an alternative and efficient anti-FASII resistance strategy, called here FASII bypass, was uncovered.

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Unlabelled: ArgO and LysE are members of the LysE family of exporter proteins and ordinarily mediate the export of l-arginine (Arg) in Escherichia coli and l-lysine (Lys) and Arg in Corynebacterium glutamicum, respectively. Under certain conditions, ArgO also mediates Lys export. To delineate the arrangement of ArgO in the cytoplasmic membrane of E.

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Unlabelled: In Escherichia coli, argO encodes an exporter for L-arginine (Arg) and its toxic analogue canavanine (CAN), and its transcriptional activation and repression, by Arg and L-lysine (Lys), respectively, are mediated by the regulator ArgP. Accordingly argO and argP mutants are CAN supersensitive (CAN(ss)). We report the identification of ybjE as a gene encoding a predicted inner membrane protein that mediates export of Lys, and our results confirm the previous identification with a different approach of YbjE as a Lys exporter, reported by Ueda and coworkers (T.

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