Multisystem Imaging Manifestations of Kidney Failure.

Kidney failure (KF) refers to a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate to below 15 ml/min per 1.73 m, necessitating renal replacement therapy with dialysis or renal transplant. The hemodynamic and metabolic alterations in KF combined with a proinflammatory and coagulopathic state leads to complex multisystemic complications.

Multimodality Imaging in Metabolic Syndrome: State-of-the-Art Review.

Metabolic syndrome comprises a set of risk factors that include abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein levels, and high blood pressure, at least three of which must be fulfilled for diagnosis. Metabolic syndrome has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multimodality imaging plays an important role in metabolic syndrome, including diagnosis, risk stratification, and assessment of complications.

Effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on COVID-19 outcome: A Record Based Observational Study in West Bengal.

Background: Since its first identification in December 2019, in WUHAN (CHINA), SARS-COV-2, causative agent of Corona virus pandemic, has affected millions of people worldwide, causing thousands of death. There is much speculation about the interplay between ACEI/ARB and Corona virus infection, as for internalization into host cell SARS-COV-2 binds through S spike protein to ACE-2, aided TMPRSS2.

Methods: A record based observational study has been conducted (data obtained from the clinics of fourteen physicians) in two worst affected districts of West Bengal, to find out the association of ACEI/ARB on patients, suffering from Corona virus infection.

A Giant Ganglion Cyst Arising from Lateral Hoffa's Fat Pad of the Knee.

Introduction: The ganglion cysts are benign fluid-filled sacs, which often arise from a tendon sheath or a joint capsule. Their origin from the fat pad of the knee is rare. Several studies have described intra-articular ganglion cysts in detail; however, extra-articular soft-tissue ganglion cysts have been reported sparingly.

Management of loose osteochondritis dissecans in an adolescent.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee joint affects subchondral bone first, and then it involves the articular cartilage. It can cause pain, effusion and loose body formation. Nonoperative treatment is for the stable lesion, but if the lesion is unstable and symptomatic, then operative management is needed.

Heterotopic Ossification of Tendo Achilles: An Uncommon Clinical Entity.

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification of tendo Achilles (HOTA) is an uncommon clinical condition with unknown etiology. However, there are noted factors associated with this condition including trauma, metabolic conditions, infections, and genetic predisposition. The diagnosis can be made clinically and radiologically.

Retraction notice to 'Surgical approaches for Total Knee Arthroplasty' J Clin Orthop Trauma volume 7 (71-79).

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.

Bilateral simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A case series and review of the literature.

Bilateral ACL rupture is a relatively uncommon injury with an incidence of 2-4%. Most bilateral ACL rupture occurs at two different times, but few cases of single-staged bilateral ACL ruptures have also been reported. There have been reports of both single-staged, and two-staged reconstruction of bilateral ACL ruptures in the literature but without a clear consensus.

Is early exploration of secondary radial nerve injury in patients with humerus shaft fracture justified?

Background: Radial nerve is commonly injured with a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Primary radial nerve injury occurs at the time of fracture, and secondary nerve injuries are seen after closed reduction or operative management. Management of these secondary nerve injuries is controversial regarding conservative approach verses early exploration.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of complications in conversion arthroplasty methods for failed intertrochanteric fracture fixation.

Background: Conversion arthroplasty for failed primary fixation of intertrochanteric fractures can be achieved using various methods, including cemented total hip arthroplasty, uncemented total hip arthroplasty, hybrid total hip arthroplasty, and hemiarthroplasty. Complication rates vary between each conversion method. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of conversion method on total conversion complication rates.

Bilateral Spontaneous Bony Ankylosis of the Elbow Following Burn: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Ankylosis of a joint could be intra-articular or extra-articular. Intra-articular ankylosis may be fibrous or bony. Soft tissue contracture and heterotopic ossification area common finding in patients with a deep burn around the joints.

Vascular supply at risk during lateral release of the patella during total knee arthroplasty: A cadaveric study.

Introduction: Lateral release to improve patellar tracking is commonly performed during total knee arthroplasty. Blood is supplied to the lateral patella by two main arteries: the superior and inferior lateral genicular arteries. The transverse infrapatellar artery also branches off the lateral inferior genicular artery to supply the inferior half of the patella.

Current status of top 10 nutraceuticals used for Knee Osteoarthritis in India.

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease affecting the quality of life of the elderly population. There is considerable evidence that nutraceuticals from natural herbs may play a significant role in inflammation and joint destruction in OA. We review the current status of some of the commonly used nutraceuticals in Indian market - Boswellia, Aflapin, Chondroitin sulphate, Glucosamine sulphate, Collagen peptide, Curcumin, Fish Oil, Ginger, Green tea, and Rosehip extract.

Growth modulation by hemi epiphysiodesis using eight-plate in Genu valgum in Paediatric population.

Introduction: Genu valgum is an angular deformity of the knee, often treated surgically by osteotomy or by growth modulation (using tension band, staples, transphyseal screws and eight-plate which require removal after correction). With this study, we attempt to evaluate the efficacy, rate of correction and complications with the use of 8-plate in the correction of genu valgum deformity in children.

Material And Method: In a retrospective study of 24 patients with 11 bilateral and 13 unilateral (35 knees) genu valgum deformity which required surgical corrections were included.

A critical appraisal of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis.

A medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) is an effective surgical procedure to correct varus deformity related to Knee Osteoarthritis. It consistently provides relief in knee pain and improves knee function. This technique is recommended for active, middle and old aged individuals with an isolated medial compartment knee OA.

Publication trends and knowledge mapping in 3D printing in orthopaedics.

Purpose: Three dimensional (3D) printing, also called 'rapid prototyping' and 'additive manufacturing' is considered as a "second industrial revolution." With this rapidly emerging technology, CT or MR images are used for the creation of graspable objects from 3D reconstituted images. Patient-specific anatomical models can be, therefore, manufactured efficiently.

Is simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty safe in geriatric population? A retrospective cohort study with upto 9 years follow up.

Introduction: Considering the old age, uncertain life expectancy, co-morbidities and fear of postoperative complications, elderly patients often hesitate to undergo simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (SBTKA).

Materials & Methods: A retrospective study of SBTKA in 46 patients (92 knees) of age >70 years done between 2003 and 2012. Mean age was 80.

Medical textiles in orthopedics: An overview.

The use of textile in the medical field is not new; this has given rise to a new branch known as medical textiles. These are being used to repair or replace various other musculoskeletal tissues. The most common uses of biomaterials are to create aseptic conditions for protection, general health care, and hygiene including bedding and clothing, surgical gowns, face masks, head and shoe covers, sterilization wraps, suture anchors, fiber cast and braces/orthotics.

The top 10 arthroplasty articles published in last 10 years by Indian authors.

Joint replacement surgery is becoming increasingly popular globally and recently,​in India. The phenomenon of medical tourism has also contributed to increasing number of arthroplasty surgeries being done every year in our country. The surgeons who work in this highly specialized field of orthopedic surgery, have been publishing their research work in reputed journals.

Short term outcomes of long duration versus short duration tourniquet in primary total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: A tourniquet is used during the total knee replacement surgery to improve the visibility, to reduce the blood loss and for better cementation. Indirectly it decreases the duration of surgery and enhances the recovery of the patient. Their use however is controversial due to some side effects associated with the use of tourniquet.

Insufficiency Fractures at Unusual Sites: A Case Series.

Introduction: Insufficiency fractures (IFs) are a subtype of stress fractures commonly associated with osteoporosis and Vitamin D deficiency. These nontraumatic fractures often occur in the pelvis and spine, but the involvement of other unusual sites is also not very uncommon. Plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging scan are the most commonly used imaging modalities for the diagnosis of IF.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst and Mucoid Degeneration: A Review.

Mucoid degeneration and ganglion cyst are two distinct non-traumatic lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) that most commonly occur discretely but occasionally coexist. They are relatively uncommon, and their exact aetiopathogenesis is still not clear. ACL ganglion cyst occurs more frequently among relatively younger patients compared to mucoid degeneration.

Is Single-stage Revision Safe Following Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Critical Review.

With the improvement in outcomes and modern prosthesis design, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has now become a commonly performed surgery. It is postulated that a total of 2-5% of the primary and revision TKA becomes infected every year, requiring a revision procedure which to date is the conventional two-stage revision. The diagnosis and treatment of these periprosthetic infections is a major and challenging task, as it requires precise identification of the pathogen, meticulous debridement, and postoperative rehabilitation.